PHYSIC FORM4 CHAPTER 2 FORCES AND MOTION

2.5 FORCE

Prepared by Nuridah Binti Zaimi SMK Kepong

WHAT IS FORCE?
A push or pull that acts on an object Can cause a resting object to move Can accelerate a moving object
By changing its speed or direction

Give an example of activity involving forces in your daily life

1. Lifting object

2. Pulling off the ring of a soft drink tin.

3. Kicking a football

4. Stretching the chest expander

5. Pressing the switch

WHAT IS THE EFFECT FORCE?

A force change the shape and size of an object.

A force change the original state of motion (either at rest or on motion) of an object.

A force change the shape and size of object.

A force change the original state of motion (either at rest or on motion) of an object

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ACCELERATION, MASS AND FORCES.

EXPERIMENT TO FIND THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FORCE, MASS & ACCELERATION.

Experiment 1.1 Experiment 1.2 acceleration & Force when mass is constant acceleration & mass when force is constant.

INFERENCE

a & F
The acceleration produced by an object depends on the net force applied to it.

a & m
The acceleration produced by an object depends on its mass.

HYPOTHESIS

a & F
The acceleration of the object increase when the force applied increases.

a & m
The acceleration of the object decreases when the mass applied increases.

RESULT

a & F
Acceleration, a

a & m

Force, F

The acceleration of an object is directly proportional to the force applied if the mass is constant.

The acceleration of an object is inversely proportional to it mass when the force acting on its is constant.

FROM PREVIOUS EXPERIMENT

From experiment 1.1 : a From experiment 1.2 : a 1/m

The two result are combined.

a F/m or F a F = ma

NEWTONS 2ND LAW OF MOTION

The acceleration of an object is equal to the net force acting on it divided by the objects mass

NEWTONS 2ND LAW OF MOTION

HOW IS FORCE MEASURED? Unit of Force

Newton (N) 1 kg to accelerate 1 m/s2

HOW IS FORCE REPRESENTED?

Use arrows
Direction Strength Length represents strength or magnitude
The scale with more apples, greater mass, has a longer arrow. The arrow is pointed downward due to mass is below the balance pulling downwards.

BALANCED VS. UNBALANCED FORCES

Balanced

Combine to produce a net force of zero No change in the objects motion

Unbalanced

Net force equals the size of the larger force minus the size of the smaller force Net force does not equal zero Causes an object to accelerate

FRICTION
Force that opposes the motion of objects that touch as they move past each other Acts at the surface where objects are in constant.

BALANCED FORCES

BALANCED FORCE

BALANCED FORCE
when the forces acting on an object are balanced, they cancel each other out. (that is net force = 0). The object remain at rest or moves at constant velocity when there is no force acting on it.

EXAMPLE

UNBALANCED FORCE/RESULTANT FORCE

when the forces acting on an object do not cancel out each other. The object will accelerate in the direction of the net force. The net force is known as the resultant force.

NEWTONS 2ND LAW OF MOTION

1.A boy pushes forward a cart of groceries with a total mass of 40.0 kg. What is the acceleration of the cart if the net force on the cart is 60.0 N? a= F/m = 60.0 N/40.0 kg = 1.50 m/s2

2.What is the upward acceleration of a helicopter with a mass of 5000 kg if a force of 10,000 N acts on it in an upward direction?

a=F/m = 10000 N/5000 kg = 2 m/s2

3.An automobile with a mass of 1200 kg accelerates at a rate of 3.0 m/s2 in the forward direction. What is the net force acting on the automobile? (Hint: Solve the acceleration formula for force.)

A =F/m F=ma = 1200 kg(3.0 m/s2) = 3600 N

4.A 25-N force accelerates a boy in a wheelchair at 0.5 m/s2 What is the mass of the boy and the wheelchair? (Hint: Solve Newton's second law for mass.)

a=F/m m=F/a = 25 N/0.50 m/s2 = 50 k/=g

SECTION 2 PRACTICE PROBLEMS 5. During a test crash, an air bag inflates to stop a dummy's forward motion. The dummy's mass is 75 kg. If the net force on the dummy is 825 N toward the rear of the car, what is the dummy's deceleration?

a=F/m = 825 N / 75 kg = 11 m/s2

6.A bicycle takes 8.0 seconds to accelerate at a constant rate from rest to a speed of 4.0 m/s. If the mass of the bicycle and rider together is 85 kg, what is the net force acting on the bicycle? (Hint: First calculate the acceleration.)
a=(vf-vi)/t = (4.0 m/s) / 8.0 s = 0.50 m/s2 F=ma = 85 kg x 0.50 m/s2 = 43 N

POP QUIZ.
Take out 1 piece of paper and calculator..
Are you ready????

QUESTION 1.
Find the acceleration of the objects.

F = 10 N Frictionless surface

5 kg

QUESTION 2
Find the acceleration of the objects.
F = 45 N

3 kg
FR = 15 N FR = Friction force

QUESTION 3
Find the value of F.
a= 4 m/s2

F FR = 5 N

10 kg

FR = Friction force

QUESTION 4
Calculate the value of m.
a= 2 m/s2

F=60N

FR = 10 N

FR = Friction force

QUESTION 5
A 10 kg object accelerate from rest to 5 m/s in 2 s. What is the net force acting on the object?

QUESTION 6
A force of 10N acts on a 2 kg stationary object. Calculate the distance travelled by the object in 5 s.

QUESTION 7
An object with a mass of 5 kg moves at a constant velocity when it is pulled by a horizontal force of 5N on a level surface. What is the acceleration of the object if the object is pulled with a force of 25N?