Tata Coffee Limited

ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS
AND
THEIR IMPACTS
Agenda
Introduction to ISO14001:2004 Environmental
Management Systems
Environmental Aspects and their Impacts
Environmental legislations in India
Identification of significant environmental aspects
Introduction to ISO14001:2004 EMS
What is Environment?
In common mans language, it consists of all natural
things around us, including ourselves.
The definition as per the Standard is surroundings in
which an organization operates.
The word surroundings includes - air, water, land, natural
resources, flora, fauna, humans, and their interrelation
Air, water, land, natural resources, flora, fauna and the
humans are called the elements of the organization.
Introduction to ISO14001:2004 EMS
What is Organization?
In common mans language, it is a statutory registered
entity where value added activities are carried out for
producing a product or service and delivering it to
customers.
An organization is a physical legal entity
Introduction to ISO14001:2004 EMS
What is management system?
A management system is a set of interrelated elements
used to establish policy and objectives and to achieve
those objectives
A management system includes organizational structure,
planning activities, responsibilities, practices,
procedures, processes and resources
System-Process-Activity
A system is an interaction of various processes
to produce an output for the customer
A process is an interaction of various activities to
give an output to the next process
An activity of a process is where the resources
are expended.


Graphical representation of a Process




A Process approach is also called as SIPOC
approach
Input Output
Process
Supplier Customer
Controls
Resources
Process Inputs
Process inputs can be
Raw materials, chemicals
Compressed Air
Water/steam
Energy
Manpower
Utilities used can be boiler, air compressor, DG
sets, material handling equipment, electricity/power


Process
Process inputs are utilized by the
equipment/machinery to process the raw
materials to produce an intermediate
process/finished product.
During process operation, some
wastage/rejection/scrap may be generated.
During process operation, some air emissions,
liquid discharges, noise, dust etc. may occur.
Process
These may interact with the various elements of
the organizations environment and may alter the
eco-balance of the surroundings in case they
exceed the norms prescribed by the APPCB.
As a part of EMS, we have to identify all these
and quantify their values. In case of any
violation, we have to come out with plans to
address them.
EMS
All management systems typically follow the two
approaches
One is the Process Approach
The other is the PDCA Continual improvement
approach.
EMS
An EMS is: A continual cycle of planning,
implementing, reviewing and improving the
processes and actions that an organization
undertakes to meet its environmental obligations
Continual Improvement: Enhancing your EMS to
better your overall environmental performance
EMS
Seventeen elements of EMS

Continual Improvement (Deming Cycle)
Performance
Continual
Improvement
Plan Do


Check Act




assurance (quality / environment)

Time
Elements of ISO 14001 According to Deming Cycle
Plan
Environmental Policy
Environmental Aspects
Legal Requirements
Objectives, Targets and Programmes

Act / Improve Do
Environment Review Structure, Responsibility
Training
Communication
Env. Mgt. Documentation
Document Control
Operational Control
Emergency Preparedness

Check / Correct
Monitoring / measurement
Non conformance/corrective/preventive action
Records, Audits



Inputs for formulation of EHS Policy
EHS policy is a formal expression by the top
management of overall intentions and direction of the
organization related to its
Environmental performance
OH&S performance
Environmental performance means measurable results of
the management of the environmental aspects, policy,
objectives and targets
OH&S performance means measurable results of the
management of the risks, policy, objectives and targets
Inputs for formulation of EHS Policy
Within the defined scope of the management systems,
the EHS policy shall be appropriate to the nature, scale
and environmental impacts of the activities, products and
services, and OH&S risks of the organization.
Major inputs related to environmental policy comprise of
a commitment to continual improvement and prevention of
pollution
a commitment to comply with applicable legal requirements
provides the framework for setting and reviewing
environmental objectives and targets
EMS
Prevention of pollution can include source
reduction or elimination, process, product or
service changes, efficient use of resources,
material and energy substitution, reuse,
recovery, recycling, reclamation and treatment.

Inputs for formulation of EHS Policy
Major inputs related to OH&S policy comprise of
A commitment to prevention of injury and ill health
A commitment to continual improvement in OH&S
management and OH&S performance
A commitment to comply with applicable legal requirements
provides the framework for setting and reviewing OH&S
objectives and targets
is reviewed periodically to ensure that it remains relevant and
appropriate to the organization
Inputs for formulation of EHS Policy
3 Key Policy Commitments:
Continual improvement
Pollution prevention
Compliance with relevant laws and regulations
The policy should relate to your products and services, as
well as supporting activities.
Inputs for formulation of EHS Policy

Inputs for formulation of EHS Policy

Formulating a draft EHS Policy
All the core team members shall individually prepare a
draft EHS policy and forward them to the Consultant.
Tentative date:
The consultant shall collate all the inputs and prepare a
final draft EHS policy. Tentative Date:
This policy shall be reviewed with the core team during
the next visit of the Consultant before finalizing it and
then forward it to the Management for their approval.
Tentative date:
EMS
The extent of the application of EMS to an
organization depends on
its the environmental policy
the nature of its activities, products and services
its location where and
the conditions in which it functions.
EMS
Environmental aspect:
Any element of an organizations activities or
products or services that can interact with the
environment of the organization.
Environmental impact:
Any change to the environment of the
organization, whether adverse or beneficial,
wholly or partially resulting from its
environmental aspects
EMS
The organization shall establish, implement and
maintain a procedure(s)
A)to identify the environmental aspects of its activities,
products and services within the defined scope of the
environmental management system that it can control
and those that it can influence taking into account
planned or new developments, or new or modified
activities, products and services, and
B)to determine those aspects that have or can have
significant impact(s) on the environment (i.e. significant
environmental aspects).


EMS
An EMS should include a procedure to identify and
assess environmental aspects that the organization:
can control, and
over which it can have an influence.
while your organization probably has control over
how much electricity it buys from a supplier, it
likely does not control or influence the way in
which that electricity is generated.

EMS
if your organization manufactures a product that is
subsequently incorporated into another product (for
example, a bumper that becomes part of an
automobile), your organization does not control the
environmental aspects of that finished product (the
automobile).
Thus, your focus should be on the environmental
aspects of your products or services.

EMS
To understand your environmental aspects, it helps to
understand the processes by which you generate
products and services.
Flow charting your major processes can help you
understand the process inputs and outputs as well as
how materials are used.
EMS
While establishing, implementing and maintaining its
EMS, the organization shall establish, implement
and maintain a procedure(s)
a) to identify and take into account the applicable
legal requirements and other requirements to which
the organization subscribes related to its
environmental aspects, and
b) to determine how these requirements apply to
its environmental aspects
c) periodic review of the legal requirements


EMS
The organization shall establish, implement and
maintain documented environmental objectives
and targets, at relevant functions and levels
within the organization
The objectives and targets shall be
measurable, where practicable, and
consistent with the environmental policy, including the
commitments to prevention of pollution, to compliance
with applicable legal requirements and to
continual improvement

EMS
The organization shall establish, implement and
maintain a programme(s) for achieving its
objectives and targets. Programme(s) shall
include
a) designation of responsibility for achieving
objectives and targets at relevant functions and
levels of the organization, and
b) the means and time-frame by which they are
to be achieved.


EMS
Interested parties/stakeholders can be
management representatives;
employees;
investors and potential investors;
customers and suppliers;
contractors;
lending institutions and insurers;
regulatory and legislative bodies;

EMS
neighbouring and regional communities;
communications media;
business, administrative, academic and research
institutions;
environmental groups, consumer interest groups
and other non-governmental organizations;
general public.

Organizations Operations
EMS
An organization should identify environmental
aspects within the scope of its environmental
management system that are associated with its
past, ongoing and planned activities, products
and services.
The organization should consider normal and
abnormal operating conditions including start-up
and shut-down maintenance and emergency
situations and accidents.
EMS
An environmental aspect signifies the potential
for an environmental impact or its existence.
A facility may have drums of fuel oil that are not
leaking at this time.
These drums are an aspect (because they can
interact with the environment) but not an impact.
Once the drums begin to leak they become an
impact
EMS
The fact that these drums have the potential for
environmental impacts makes them
an environmental aspect within the meaning of
ISO 14001 whether they are leaking or not
EMS
Identify Regulated Environmental Aspects and
Legal Requirements for Facility Operations
Activities typically covered include certain types
of air emissions, wastewater effluents, noise, and
hazardous waste.
Legal requirements also include permits,
approvals, registrations, record keeping and
reporting requirements.
EMS
In addition to those environmental aspects an
organization can control directly, it should also
consider aspects that it can influence
those related to products and services used by
the organization and those related to products
and services it provides
The identification of significant environmental
aspects is an ongoing process
EMS
Identifying significant environmental aspects is
basically a process of setting priorities
The relationship between aspects and impacts is
often one of cause and effect.
How does your organization (i.e., your products,
and their related processes, services and
activities) interact with the environment?
EMS
Environmental aspects can be either positive
(such as making a product out of recycled
materials) or
negative (such as discharging toxic materials to
a stream).
Aspects may result from past activities, such as
spills
EMS

EMS

EMS

EMS

EMS


EMS
There is no standard for determining the
significance of a facilitys environmental aspects.
In fact, the ISO 14001 standard defines
a significant aspect as one that can have
a significantimpact on the environment.

EMS
It is up to the EMS team to apply appropriate
criteria and determine the level of significance in
a way that makes sense to the business, taking
into account the nature of the environmental
aspects and impact risks, regulatory and legal
liability factors, and the interests of the
community and other stakeholders.
EMS
Classification of significant environmental
aspects is a requirement of ISO 14001 and will
be a major building block- for any EMS.
The following key components of an ISO 14001
EMS are dependent on the identification of
the significantenvironmental aspects:
Setting environmental objectives and targets,
Identification of training requirements and establishment
of operational controls,
Development of monitoring and measurement systems.
EMS
an organization should collect quantitative and/or
qualitative data on the characteristics of its
activities, products and services such as inputs
and outputs of materials or energy, processes
and technology used, facilities and locations,
transportation methods and human factors (e.g.
impaired vision or hearing)
EMS
A common approach for identification of
environmental aspects can be to consider
emissions to air,
releases to water,
releases to land,
use of raw materials and natural resources (e.g.
land use, water use),
local/community environmental issues,
EMS
use of energy,
energy emitted (e.g. heat, radiation, vibration),
waste and by-products, and
physical attributes (e.g. size, shape, colour,
appearance).
EMS
Consideration should therefore be given to
aspects related to the organization's activities,
products and services, such as
design and development,
manufacturing processes,
packaging and transportation,
environmental performance and practices of
contractors, and suppliers,
EMS
waste management,
extraction and distribution of raw materials and
natural resources,
distribution, use and end of life, and
wildlife and biodiversity.
Environmental Impacts
The approach for identifying environmental
impacts should consider
positive (beneficial) as well as negative
(adverse) environmental impacts,
actual and potential environmental impacts,
the part(s) of the environment that might be
affected, such as air, water, soil, flora, fauna,
cultural heritage, etc.,
Environmental Impacts
the characteristics of the location that might
affect the impact such as local weather
conditions, height of water table, soil types, etc.,
and
the nature of the changes to the environment
(such as global vs. local issues, length of time for
which the impact occurs, potential for impact to
accumulate in strength over time).

Determining significant
environmental aspects
Significance is a relative concept
When establishing criteria for significance, an
organization should consider
environmental criteria (such as scale, severity
and duration of the impact, or type, size and
frequency of an environmental aspect);
applicable legal requirements (such as emission
and discharge limits in permits or regulations,
etc.);
Determining significant
environmental aspects
the concerns of internal and external interested
parties (such as those related to organizational
values,
public image, noise, odour or visual degradation)

Significance criteria can be applied either to an
organization's environmental aspects or to their
associated impacts
Recording of significant Env. aspects
An organization should maintain appropriate
information on the environmental aspects
identified and those considered significant.
The organization should use this information to
understand the need for and to determine
operational controls.
Information on identified impacts should be
included as appropriate.
Recording of significant Env. aspects
It should be reviewed and updated periodically,
and when circumstances change to ensure it is
up to date.
For these purposes, it can be helpful to maintain
them in a list, register, database or other form
Electricity Act,2003
The applicable legal provisions under this Act are
as follows: Section 68(1) - sanction from the
Ministry of Power (MOP) is a mandatory
requirement for taking up any new project.
The Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
When projects falls within forestlands, prior
clearance is required from relevant authorities
under the Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980.
State governments cannot de-reserve any
forestland or authorise its use for any non-forest
purposes without approval from the Central
government.
Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986
It is an umbrella legislation that provides a
holistic framework for the protection and
improvement to the environment.
Air (Prevention and control of
pollution) Act 1981
The objective of this Act is to provide for the
prevention, control and abatement of air pollution
Water (Prevention & Control ) Act 1974
to provide for the Prevention and Control of
Water Pollution and the maintenance or
restoration of the wholesomeness of water for
the establishment
EMS
HAZARDOUS WASTES (MANAGEMENT AND
HANDLING) AMENDMENT RULES, 2003
These Rules classify used mineral oil as
hazardous waste under the Hazardous Waste
(Management & Handling) Rules, 2003 that
requires proper handling and disposal.
Organisation will seek authorisation for disposal
of hazardous waste from concerned State
Pollution Control Boards (SPCB) as and when
required
EMS

EMS

EMS

EMS

Identification of Aspects/Impacts
Define Scope
Example: Inputs and Outputs of a manufacturing process

Raw Materials Gaseous Emission

Catalyst
Catalyst / Air Unit Operation Products
Energy By-products

Recycle
Waste Water
Liquid Wastes
Reusable Wastes Solid Wastes

Potential Environmental Impacts
Air

Impact Possible Aspects

Global warming CO
2
, CH
4
, fossil fuel combustion

Ozone layer depletion CFCs, other chlorinated compounds

Acid precipitation SO
2
, No
X
, NH
3



Exposure to hazardous
gases Industrial emissions; evaporation

Exposure to smoke Energy installations

Exposure to
radioactivity Nuclear installations; wastes; natural
sources
Potential Environmental Impacts
Water
Impact Possible Aspects
High oxygen demand General organic load

Eutrophication Phosporous and nitrogen compounds

Hazardous substances in Industrial emissions
drinking water

Hazardous organisms Sewage

Thermal discharges Industrial heat

Radioactivity Natural sources, nuclear installations,
hospitals

Foaming, colour, litter Pollution

Lack of water; loss of habitats; Excessive consumption
Ecosystem disturbance

Potential Environmental Impacts
Land

Impact Possible Aspects

Contamination Hazardous or radioactive waste,


Disturbance Mining; construction

Soil erosion Construction; drainage; logging;
Loss of soil cover

Disturbance of ground water Construction; drainage

Loss of habitats Construction; drainage; logging;
loss of soil cover
Potential Environmental Impacts
Natural Resources

Impact Possible Aspects

Depletion of minerals/raw Over consumption
materials energy sources

Depletion of living resources Habitat destruction; over
consumption

Visual, Noise, Nuisance

Visual construction, litter,
Dust production process, wastes,
Odour machinery, traffic
Noise/vibration

Legal and other requirements
An organization should establish, implement and
maintain procedures to identify and have access
to legal requirements and other requirements to
which the organization subscribes that are
applicable to the environmental aspects of its
activities, products and services
Legal and other requirements
Legal requirements can take many forms, such as
a) legislation, including statutes and regulations,
b) decrees and directives,
c) permits, licences or other forms of authorization,
d) orders issued by regulatory agencies,
e) judgements of courts or administrative tribunals,
f) customary or indigenous law, and
g) treaties, conventions and protocols.
Legal and other requirements
Other requirements include
agreements with public authorities,
b) agreements with customers,
c) non-regulatory guidelines,
d) voluntary principles or codes of practice,
e) voluntary environmental labelling or product
stewardship commitments,
f) requirements of trade associations,
Legal and other requirements
g) agreements with community groups or non-
governmental organizations,
h) public commitments of the organization or its parent
organization, and
i) corporate/company requirements.
Legal and other requirements
Compliance with applicable legal requirements and
other requirements to which the organization subscribes
is a core commitment of an environmental management
system.
Top management should periodically review the
adequacy of the environmental management system to
ensure its effectiveness, including its compliance-
related components.
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
1. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, as
amended upto 1988

2. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1975

3. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) (Procedure for
Transaction of Business) Rules, 1975
NOTIFICATIONS:
i. Constitution of Appellate Authorities
ii. Delegation of Power as State Board by the Central Board
iii. Central Water Laboratory to Various Union Territory
Administrations

4. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Act, 1977,
as amended by Amendment Act, 1991

5. The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Cess Rules,
1978

ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
6. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981, as
amended by Amendment Act, 1987

7. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1982

8. The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) (Union Territories)
Rules, 1983

NOTIFICATIONS:
i. The Date from which the Act came into force
ii. Declaration of Air Pollution Control Areas
iii. Constitution of Appellate Authority

9. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986

NOTIFICATIONS:
i. Environmental laboratories and Analysts
ii. Officers Authorised for taking Cognizance of Offences
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
10. The Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986

NOTIFICATIONS:
i. Authorised Officers/Agencies to enter the Premises for Inspection
ii. Officers/Agencies Authorised to take Samples
iii. Emission Standards of Pollutants from various Industries
iv. Guidelines for Location of Industries, Mining Operations etc. for
various Areas
v. Schedule VII National Ambient Air Quality Standards 1998

11. Environmental Impact Assessment of Development Projects
12. Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989
13. Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules,
1989
14. Manufacture, Use, Import, Export and Storage of Hazardous
Micro-Organisms Genetically Engineered Organisms or Cells
Rules, 1989

ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
15. Scheme of Labeling of Environment Friendly Products (ECO-
MARKS)
16. 16. Restricting Certain Activities Range in Special Specified
Area of Aravalli
17. Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 1998
18. The National Environment Tribunal Act, 1995
19. The National Environmental Appellat Authority Act, 1997
20. The Environment (Protection) (Second Amendment Rules),
1999 Emission Standards for New Generator Sets
21. The Public Liability Insurance Act, 1991
22. The Public Liability Insurance Rules, 1991
23. National Forest Policy, 1988
24. Forest (Conservation) Act, 1980
25. Forest (Conservation) Rules, 1981
26. The Eco Sensitive Zone Pachmarhi, Notification, 1998
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
27. Re-cycled Plastics Manufacture and Usage Rules, 1999
28. 2-T Oil (Regulation of Supply and Distribution) Order, 1998
29. Coastal Regulation Zone Notifications
30. Environment (Siting for Industrial Projects) Rules, 1999
Notification
31. Taj Trapezium zone Pollution (Prevent and Control) Authority
Order
32. Dumping and Disposal of Flyash Notification
33. Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000
34. Municipal Solid Wastes (Management & Handling) Rules,
2000
35. Ozone Depleting Substances (Regulation) Rules, 2000
36. Batteries (Management & Handling) Rules, 2000

ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
37. Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemical
(Amendment) Rules, 2000
38. Hazardous Waste (Management and Handling) Amendment
Rules, 2000
39. New Biodiversity Bill 2000
40. The Laboratories allowed to use of pathogenic micro-
organism of genetically engineered organisms or cells for the
purpose of research, 2000 Notification.
41. The Prevention and Control of Pollution (Uniform Consent
Procedure) Rules, 1999
42. Amending EIA Notification of 27
th
January 1994 Notification
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
37. Mines Act 1983
38. Indian Electricity Act 1910
39. Indian Electricity Rules 1956
40. Factories Act 1948
The Workmens Compensation Act, 1923
The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948
The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986
The Water (Protection and Control Pollution) Act, 1974 and the Water
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1995
The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and the Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Rules, 1995.
The Hazardous Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 1989
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
The Manufacture, Storage and Import of Hazardous Chemicals Rules,
1989
The Explosives Act, 1884
The Gas Cylinders Rules, 1981
The Explosives Rules, 1983
The Static and Mobile Pressure Vessels (Unfired), 1981
The Insecticides Act, 1968
The Indian Boilers Act, 1923
Shops and Establishments Act 1948
The Municipal Wastes (Management and Handling) Rules, 2000
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
LEGISLATIONS RELATING TO OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY
AND HEALTH IN
INDIA
1. The Factories Act, 1948 and the State Rules notified thereunder
2. The Dock Workers (Safety, Health & Welfare) Act, 1986 and the
Regulations
framed thereunder
3. The Mines Act, 1952 and the Rules framed thereunder
4. The Plantation Labour Act, 1951
5. The Shop & Establishments Act
6. The Explosives Act, 1884 and the Rules framed thereunder
7. The Petroleum Act, 1934 and the Rules framed thereunder
8. The Insecticides Act, 1968 and the Rules framed thereunder
9. The Indian Electricity Act, 1910 and the Indian Electricity Rules,
1956
10. The Indian Boilers Act, 1923 and the Indian Boilers Regulations
11. The Dangerous Machines (Regulation) Act, 1983
12. The Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 and the Manufacture,
Storage & Import
of Hazardous Chemicals Rules, 1989 and other Rules framed
thereunder
13. The Indian Atomic Energy Act, 1962 and the Factories Rules
framed thereunder.
ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATIONS IN INDIA
THE ELECTRICITY ACT, 2003
THE FOREST (CONSERVATION) ACT, 1980
ENVIRONMENTAL (PROTECTION) ACT, 1986
AIR (PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF POLLUTION) ACT
1981
WATER (PREVENTION & CONTROL ) ACT 1974
WILDLIFE PROTECTION ACT, 1972
THE BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY ACT, 2002
HAZARDOUS WASTES (MANAGEMENT AND HANDLING)
AMENDMENT RULES, 2003
OZONE DEPLETING SUBSTANCES (REGULATION AND
CONTROL) RULES, 2000
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.4 Implementation and operation

4.4.1 Resources, roles, responsibility and authority

Management shall ensure the availability of resources essential to
establish, implement, maintain and improve the environmental
management system. Resources include human resources and
specialized skills, organizational infrastructure, technology and
financial resources.

Roles, responsibilities and authorities shall be defined, documented
and communicated in order to facilitate effective environmental
management.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
The organizations top management shall appoint a specific
management representative(s) who, irrespective of other
responsibilities, shall have defined roles, responsibilities and
authority for

a) ensuring that an environmental management system is
established, implemented and maintained in accordance with
the requirements of this International Standard,

b) reporting to top management on the performance of the
environmental management system for review, including
recommendations for improvement.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.4.2 Competence, training and awareness

The organization shall ensure that any person(s) performing tasks
for it or on its behalf that have the potential to cause a significant
environmental impact(s) identified by the organization is (are)
competent on the basis of appropriate education, training or
experience, and shall retain associated records.

The organization shall identify training needs associated with its
environmental aspects and its environmental management system.
It shall provide training or take other action to meet these needs,
and shall retain associated records.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a
procedure(s) to make persons working for it or on its behalf aware
of

a) the importance of conformity with the environmental policy and
procedures and with the requirements of the environmental
management system,

b) in significant environmental aspects and related actual or
potential impacts associated with their work, and the
environmental benefits of improved personal performance.

c) their roles and responsibilities in achieving conformity with the
requirements of the environmental management system, and

d) the potential consequences of departure from specified
procedures.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.4.3 Communication

With regard to its environmental aspects and environmental
management system, the organization shall establish, implement
and maintain a procedure(s) for

a) internal communication among the various levels and functions
of the organization,

b) receiving, documenting and responding to relevant
communication from external interested parties.

The organization shall decide whether to communicate externally
about its significant environmental aspects, and shall document its
decision. If the decision is to communicate, the organization shall
establish and implement a method(s) for this external
communication.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.4.4 Documentation

The environmental management system documentation shall include
a) the environmental policy, objectives and targets,

b) description of the scope of the environmental management system,

c) description of the main elements of the environmental management
system and their interaction, and reference to related documents,

d) documents, including records, required by this International
Standard, and

e) documents, including records, determined by the organization to be
necessary to ensure the effective planning, operation and control of
processes that relate to its significant environmental aspects.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.4.5 Control of documents

Documents required by the environmental management system
and by this International Standard shall be controlled. Records are
a special type of document and shall be controlled in accordance
with the requirements given in 4.5.4.

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a
procedure(s) to

a) approve documents for adequacy prior to issue,

b) review and update as necessary and re-approve documents,

c) ensure that changes and the current revision status of
documents are identified,

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
d) ensure that relevant versions of applicable documents are
available at points of use,

e) ensure that documents remain legible and readily identifiable,

f) ensure that documents of external origin determined by the
organization to be necessary for the planning and operation of
the environmental management system are identified and their
distribution controlled, and

g) prevent the unintended use of obsolete documents and apply
suitable identification to them if they are retained for any
purpose.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.4.6 Operational control

The organization shall identify and plan those operations that are
associated with the identified significant environmental aspects
consistent with its environmental policy, objectives and targets, in
order to ensure that they are carried out under specified conditions, by

a) establishing, implementing and maintaining a documented
procedure(s) to control situations where their absence could lead to
deviation from the environmental policy, objectives and targets, and

b) stipulating the operating criteria in the procedure(s), and

c) establishing, implementing and maintaining procedures related to
the identified significant environmental aspects of goods and
services used by the organization and communicating applicable
procedures and requirements to suppliers, including contractors.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.4.7 Emergency preparedness and response

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a
procedure(s) to identify potential emergency situations and potential
accidents that can have an impact(s) on the environment and how it
will respond to them.

The organization shall respond to actual emergency situations and
accidents and prevent or mitigate associated adverse environmental
impacts.

The organization shall periodically review and, where necessary,
revise its emergency preparedness and response procedures, in
particular, after the occurrence of accidents or emergency situations.

The organization shall also periodically test such procedures where
practicable.


Documentation Requirements of EMS
Environmental Manual General Description of EMS with
reference to ISO14001 Requirements

Aspect Register Analysis of Activities, Identification of
Environmental Aspects and Impacts. Identification of Significant
Impacts associated Aspects and Activities.

Register of Legislative and Regulatory Requirements
Interpretation of Requirements and Identification of Monitoring and
Measurement Areas to ensure Continued Compliance.

Emergency Preparedness RegisterIdentification of possible
Emergency Situations and Planning for Prevention and Mitigation.
Documentation Requirements of EMS
Objectives, Targets and Environmental Management Programmes
Setting up of Department-wise Objectives, Targets. Action Plans
to Achieve Them in Time-bound manner.

Operational Control Procedures Procedures to control Activities
Associated with Significant Impacts and Monitoring and
Measurement of Legislative Requirements.

Master List of FormatsTo Demonstrate compliance to EMS
Requirements.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.5 Checking

4.5.1 Monitoring and measurement

The organizations shall establish, implement and maintain a
procedure(s) to monitor and measure, on a regular basis, the key
characteristics of its operations that can have a significant
environmental impact. The procedure(s) shall include the
documenting of information to monitor performance, applicable
operational controls and conformity with the organizations
environmental objectives and targets.

The organization shall ensure that calibrated or verified monitoring
and measurement equipment is used and maintained and shall
retain associated records.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.5.2 Evaluation of compliance

4.5.2.1 Consistent with its commitment to compliance, the
organization shall establish, implement and maintain a procedure(s)
for periodically evaluating compliance with applicable legal
requirements.

The organization shall keep records of the results of the periodic
evaluations.

4.5.2.2 The organization shall evaluate compliance with other
requirements to which it subscribes. The organization may wish to
combine this evaluation with the evaluation of legal compliance
referred to in 4.5.2.1 or to establish a separate procedure(s).

The organization shall keep records of the results of the periodic
evaluations.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.5.3 Nonconformity, corrective action and preventive action

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a
procedure(s) for dealing with actual and potential
nonconformity(ies) and for taking corrective action and preventive
action. The procedure(s) shall define requirements for

a) identifying and correcting nonconformity(ies) and taking
action(s) to mitigate their environmental impacts,

b) investigating nonconformity(ies), determining their cause(s) and
taking actions in order to avoid their recurrence.

c) evaluating the need for action(s) to prevent nonconformity(ies)
and implementing appropriate actions designed to avoid their
occurrence.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
d) recording the results of corrective action(s) and preventive
action(s) taken, and

e) reviewing the effectiveness of corrective action(s) and
preventive action(s) taken.

Actions taken shall be appropriate to the magnitude of the
problems and the environmental impacts encountered.

The organization shall ensure that any necessary changes are
made to environmental management system documentation.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.5.4 Control of records

The organization shall establish and maintain records as necessary
to demonstrate conformity to the requirements of its environmental
management system and of this International Standard, and the
results achieved.

The organization shall establish, implement and maintain a
procedure(s) for the identification, storage, protection, retrieval,
retention and disposal of records.

Records shall be and remain legible, identifiable and traceable.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.5.5 internal audit

The organization shall ensure that internal audits of the
environmental management system are conducted at planned
intervals to

a) determine whether the environmental management system

1) conforms to planned arrangement for environmental
management including the requirement of this International
Standard, and

2) has been properly implemented and is maintained, and

b) provide information on the results of audits to management.

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
Audit programme(s) shall be planned, established, implemented
and maintained by the organization, taking into consideration the
environmental importance of the operation(s) concerned and the
results of previous audits.

Audit procedure(s) shall be established, implemented and
maintained that address

- the responsibilities and requirements for planning and
conducting audits, reporting results and retaining associated
records,

- the determination of audit criteria, scope, frequency and
methods.

Selection of auditors and conduct of audits shall ensure objectively
and the impartiality of the audit process.
INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
4.6 Management review

Top management shall review the organizations environmental
management system, at planned intervals, to ensure its continuing
suitability, adequacy and effectiveness. Reviews shall include
assessing opportunities for improvement and the need for changes to
the environmental management system, including the environmental
policy and environmental objectives and targets. Records of the
management reviews shall be retained.

Input to management reviews shall include

a) results of internal audits and evaluations of compliance with legal
requirement sand with other requirements to which the
organization subscribes,

b) communication(s) from external interested parties, including
complaints,

INTERNATIONAL STANDARD
ISO 14001 : 2004
c) the environmental performance of the organization,

d) the extent to which objectives and targets have been met,

e) status of corrective and preventive actions,

f) follow-up actions from previous management reviews,

g) changing circumstances, including developments in legal and
other requirements related to its environmental aspects, and

h) recommendations for improvement.

The outputs from management reviews shall include any decisions
and actions related to possible changes to environmental policy,
objectives, targets and other elements of the environmental
management system, consistent with the commitment to continual
improvement.