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CHALLENGES AND RESPONSES IN

THE IMPLEMENTATION OF K TO 12
Fr. Joel E. Tabora, SJ
SHORTCUTS IN TERMINOLOGY
K to12
Present 10
Add Kindergarten (K)
Add years 11, 12 = Career Academy (2)
Pre-College
Senior High School
Junior High School
K+6+4+2 = K to 12
BEC Basic Education Curriculum
GEC General Education Curriculum


REASONS FOR EDUCATION REFORM

PH having the shortest education cycle in the
world (14 years 6+4+4)
Washington Accord for Engineering at least
16 years
Bologna Process for accountants, pharmacists,
Physical Therapists 15 years
APEC Trade Agreement deadline in 2020
UNESCO Education For All Plan of Action

PHILIPPINE BASIC EDUCATION
CURRICULUM (BEC)
National Elementary School Curriculum
1984 to 2002
New Secondary Education Curriculum
1991-2002
Revised Basic Education Curriculum 2002
Secondary Education Curriculum -
Understanding by Design Model 2010


ISSUES WITH PRESENT BEC

Insufficient mastery of basic competencies is
common due to a congested curriculum. The 12 year
curriculum is being delivered in 10 years.
High school graduates are younger than 18 years old
and lack basic competencies and maturity. They
cannot legally enter into contracts and are not
emotionally mature for entrepreneurship /
employment.
Other countries view the 10-year education cycle as
insufficient.

GENERAL EDUCATION CURRICULUM
(GEC)
GEC-A (63 units for humanities, social sciences
and communications students)
GEC-B (51 units for non-HUSOCOM students)


ISSUES WITH PRESENT GEC

Heavier semestral load of students
No room for formation subjects
Increasing professional subjects
The variations in laboratory requirements pose practical
problems for smaller colleges with just enough laboratories
Students not seeing the relevance of GEC subjects
Since only professional courses that need international
accreditation are under the Washington and Bologna
Accord, some courses should have lesser subjects.


THE CHALLENGE

Enhanced 10
Lessen drop outs
Decongest to improve learning
RBEC
Revised Basic Education Curriculum focused on just
English
Pilipino
Mathematics
Science
Makabayan
But it did not decongest the curriculum


THE CHALLENGE

Challenge for curriculum designers based on
real feedback
Dont just push up
Reduce more time for independent work
and study

K TO 12 MODEL DEVELOPED BY DEPED
A Comparative Example: Science Conceptual
Matrix
Old RSEC
K to 12 Model

GRADE 7 GRADE 8 GRADE 9 GRADE 10 GRADES 11 AND 12
Scientific Method Balance of nature Chemical
Systems
Newtonian
Mechanics

Sun-Moon-Earth
System
pushed down to Grade
6
Cell Composition of
the Atom
pushed down to
Grade 8
Electromagnetism

States of Matter Life Energy Elements in the
Periodic Table
Electronics

Nature of Force Structure and Life
Functions of
Organisms
Chemical
bonds
Wave motion

Motion Genetics
pushed up to Grade
9
Chemical
Reactions
Acoustics

Transfer of Energy Evolution
pushed up to Grade
9
Behavior of
Gases
Optics

Changes on Earth Biodiversity Solutions Thermodynamics

Relationships
between living and
non-living things
Colloids Nuclear Energy
pushed down to
Grade 9

OLD RSEC for Science Grades 7-10
Grade 7 Grade 8 Grade 9 Grade 10 Grades 11 and 12
Scientific method Human system Genetics Fluiddynamics ST Subjects for Medical
and Allied Profession
Humans as stewards of
the earth
Reproduction Evolution Thermodynamics ST Subjects for Food
Industries
Matter: measurement,
classification, changes
Cell Chemical
reactions
Electrodynamics ST Subjects for Energy
and Environment
Related Industries
Motion Atoms - structure,
functions, periodicity
Thermal behavior Waves: sounds and
optics

The Earth Chemical bonds Radioactivity If 6 units for GE courses
in Science:
Effects of soil related
problems and how they
are managed
(lithosphere) added
Causes of motion
and laws of
conservation of
mechanical energy
and momentum
Effects of human
activities to
climate change
added
SPECIALIZATION:
biotechnology and
bioethics added
1 ST Subject
Effects of human
activities to
atmosphere added
Genetics 1 Research
Electrodynamics
Thermodynamics If 12 units for GE
courses in Science:
2 STS (Choice of 2)
2 Research K to 12 Curriculum for Science Grades 7-12


PHASES OF IMPLEMENTATION


1. Universal kindergarten will be offered starting SY
2011-2012.
2. DepEd will begin unclogging the basic education
curriculum in SY 2012-2013.
3. The enhanced 12-year curriculum will be
implemented starting with incoming Grade 1
students of SY 2012-2013.
4. Incoming freshmen of SY 2012-2013 will be the first
beneficiary of a free Senior High School education
that will be made available by DepEd in public
schools beginning SY 2016-2017. Electives to be
offered in Senior HS (arts, music, tech-voch..etc)

Source: Briefer prepared by the Department of Education, November 2, 2010

WORKPLAN OF DEPED STEERING
COMMITTEE FOR TRANSITION (SEPTEMBER 5, 2011)

Project Activity Timetable
1. Development of K to 12 model plan September to October 2011
2. Identification of K to 12 Model sites October 2011
3. Curriculum Enhancement (Based on the K to 12
curriculum standards and competencies)
November to December 2011
4. Partnership with key stakeholders in the K to 12
model sites
January 2012
5. Training of Teachers Until May 2012
6. Communication and Advocacy Plan December 2011 to January
2012
7. K to 12 model, monitoring and evaluation June 2012 onwards
8. Communication and Advocacy Plan 2014 onwards
TRANSITION SCHEME FOR K TO 12

PROBLEMS WITH TRANSITION SCHEME
Too late to make transition compulsory.
Difficulty to find students who will volunteer to go
through Grades 11 and 12. Since this will be in
selected pilot schools, they can actually opt to go
to College. Why then would they enter a shady
Grade 11?
Official curriculum is not yet finalized. It is expected
on November, but this may be too late to train
teachers.

PROBLEMS WITH TRANSITION SCHEME
Logistical problems for administrators.
Textbooks and other materials are not yet
developed and printed for Grades 11 and 12.
Increased drop-outs due to perceived irrelevance
of going to Grades 11 and 12.

OUR PROPOSAL
Implement K to 12 on our own. Essentially, K to 12 is
an addition of 2 years in Basic Education.
We plan for the content of K to 12 on our own.
We accept that performance standards are based
on the:
Content of RBEC in 10 years
Set of College competencies now being articulated by
CHED.
Competencies required for specific work.
OUR PROPOSAL
Basically, Br. Armin Luistro, FSC has
encouraged CEAP and COCOPEA
schools to pilot K to 12 even without
legislation, based on global demand.

OUR PROPOSAL
CAREER ACADEMY
Not just more high school
Not just pre-college
Sui generis the last step in basic education
Pupils in 17
th
and 18
th
years of life
Atmosphere of challenge and respect

Choose careers with educational implication
Some need two years (Pre-work stream)
Some need two years plus college (Pre-
college stream)
Minus 2 or Plus 2

CAREER ACADEMY
CAREER ACADEMY
It provides the professional and human
education necessary for the practice of chosen
careers either immediately after graduation or
after further tertiary education, depending on
the career chosen
Completion is attested to by a certificate or
diploma issued by or with permission of the
DepEd

CAREER ACADEMY
Career Tracks
Achievement tests advisory
Tracks chosen by the pupils and their
parents
Preparation for life
Work
Marriage life
Atmosphere: Young adults

SCHOOLS WITH GRADES 11 AND 12
CURRICULUM DEVELOPED
Ateneo de Naga University
Career Academy for Entrepreneurship Program
San Carlos University



AN EXAMPLE: CAREER ACADEMY FOR TRAVEL
AND TOURISM
PROGRAM DESCRIPTION: The Certificate of
Achievement in Travel and Tourism is a two-year
Career Academy program. This program will allow
students to exit with knowledge and job skills
necessary to qualify for immediate employment in a
travel agency, tour company, or airline customer
service position, or to continue on to fulfil their
bachelor's degree requirements.
AN EXAMPLE: CAREER ACADEMY FOR TRAVEL
AND TOURISM
Jesuit Core Courses 12 units
General Education 24 units
Career Specialization Courses 24 units
Career Skills Development Courses 10 units

70 total credit units




Course Code

Course Title

Credit Units Pay Units
Lecture Lab Total Hours/Week
Jesuit Core Courses
History of Salvation 3 0 3 3
Christology 3 0 3 3
Philosophy of the Human Person and Society 3 0 3 3
Christian Vocation: Marriage and Family Life 3 0 3 3
Sub-total 12 0 12 12
General Education
Computer Literacy and Office Productivity Tools 0 3 3 3
Basic Algebra 3 0 3 3
General Psychology 3 0 0 3
Citizenship Education 3 0 3 3

Fundamentals of Environmental Science (With
Eco-Tourism) 3 0 3 3
Philippine History 3 0 3 3
Business English 1 3 0 3 3
Business English 2 3 0 3 3
Sub-total 21 3 24 24
Career Specialization Courses
Principles of Tourism (Introduction to Tourism) 3 0 3 3
Principles of Safety, Hygiene and Sanitation 3 0 3 3
Methodology of Guiding 6 0 6 6
Selling Destinations 3 0 3 3
Career and Customer Service Skills 3 0 3 3
Airline Reservations and Ticketing 3 0 3 3
Travel and Tour Operations 3 0 3 3
Sub-total 24 0 24 24
Career Skills Development Courses
First Aid Course 2 2 4 4
Supervised Industry Exposure 0 6 6 9
Sub-total 2 8 10 13
TOTAL 59 11 70 73
Course Code

Course Title

Credit Units Pay Units
Lecture Lab Total Hours/Week
AN EXAMPLE: CAREER ACADEMY FOR TRAVEL
AND TOURISM
Pre-College (36)
General Education leading to College (24)
Some Electives, career required
Advanced Math
Advanced Science
Advanced English Literature
Mission-determined courses (12)
Marriage and Family Life

Course
Code

Course Title

Credit Units Pay Units
Lecture Lab Total Hours/Week
First Semester, Grade 11
History of Salvation 3 0 3 3

Computer Literacy and Office
Productivity Tools 0 3 3 3
Basic Algebra 3 0 3 3
General Psychology 3 0 3 3

Principles of Tourism (Introduction to
Tourism) 3 0 3 3

Principles of Safety, Hygiene and
Sanitation 3 0 3 3
Sub-total 15 3 18 18

Desired Competencies: Perform
computer operations; observe personal
and workplace hygiene practices;
observe health, safety and security
practices; develop and update tourism
industry knowledge.


Curriculum Outline for Career Academy for Travel and Tourism
Second Semester, Grade 11
Christology 3 0 3 3
Philippine History 3 0 3 3
Business English 1 3 0 3 3
Methodology of Guiding 6 0 6 6
Career and Customer Service Skills 3 0 3 3
Sub-total 18 0 18 18

Desired Competencies: effective
workplace communication (technical
writing, answering the phone etc);
develop and maintain the general
knowledge required by guides;
determine the job qualifications,
attitudes, work habits and personal
qualities necessary to function
satisfactorily with other individuals and in
organization in the hospitality industry;
demonstrate good customer relations
skills. Major Output: Prepare and present
tour commentaries or activities.



WHAT TO GAIN FROM THE K TO 12?

Facilitate an accelerated economic growth.
Facilitate mutual recognition of Filipino graduates
and professionals in other countries.
A better educated society provides a sound
foundation for long-term socio-economic
development.
Several studies have shown that the improvements
in the quality of education will increase GDP growth
by as much as 2%. Studies in the UK, India and US
show that additional years of schooling also have
positive overall impact on society.

WHAT TO GAIN FROM CAREER
ACADEMIES?
Courses in academic subjects include material
specifically related to the academys career theme,
which makes them more interesting.
Students interest is further aroused by immediate
connections between the program and the real
world.
Adults working in the field serve as mentors for
students, introducing them to settings in which they
might work and helping them plan their careers.
WHAT TO GAIN FROM CAREER
ACADEMIES?
Career Academy approach is essentially flexible and
adaptable to local needs, capacities and
circumstances, rather than rigid and prescriptive,
demonstrating that the approach can work in a wide
variety of school and community settings.
Career Academies would increase the likelihood of
students graduating on time. CA will also increase
vocational course-taking for these students without
reducing their likelihood of completing a basic core
academic curriculum.


CHALLENGE TO IMPLEMENT K TO 12 IN CEAP
SCHOOLS

With existing colleges or high schools
Stand alone
Minus 2 would be attractive to many
Work would allow them
To help their families
To earn their way through college

CHALLENGE TO IMPLEMENT K TO 12 IN CEAP
SCHOOLS
Plus 2 ensures better college experience
Better Tertiary-Level General Education
Better Professional Training
Will foster learning beyond the four walls of
the classroom. Not just theory but applied
knowledge.
Develop K to 12 curriculum in Basic Education

DAGHANG SALAMAT!

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