Ch7

1
Constructing Tables and Graphics
During your study or in your career life, You
need to access information related to your
specialized field or other fields
Before setting out to the library or opening
your favorite Web search engine, know some
strategies for planning your search and for
getting the most out of your search
Ch7
2
Constructing Tables and Graphics
2. Graphs: Represent data using lines that
creep up and down from left to right.
Indicating changes in the data across time
3. Charts: Use bars, pie slices, or other
inventive means to enable comparisons of
data. The most common types are bar charts
and pie charts
4. Photographs: Supply lots of details (in some
cases, too much). They are useful for
example when you want to show a model of a
new product
Ch7
3
Constructing Tables and Graphics
5. Drawings: Simplified illustrations of objects,
people, and places, you see plenty of drawings
used in instructions. They strip away
extraneous (unrelated) detail and focus on the
key objects and actions
6. Diagrams: Abstract illustrations of objects.
They focus on infrastructural. Diagrams can
also be used to illustrate nonphysical things
such as concepts. An organizational chart of a
company is a typical example. A flowchart of a
production process is another.
Ch7
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Constructing Tables and Graphics
Rows and columns of
data (words or numbers)
Table
Ch7
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Constructing Tables and Graphics
Converting text to table and two-column lists
Ch7
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Constructing Tables and Graphics
Converting text to table and two-column lists
Importing or Copying spreadsheet data to create tables
Ch7
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Constructing Tables and Graphics
Converting
paragraphs to
tables
Ch7
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Constructing Tables and Graphics
Charts: Using bar or pie charts to compare data
Graphs: Using data lines to show changes (x-y plots)
Ch7
9
Constructing Tables and Graphics
Figure 4.20 Lateral extrusion of gasket vs. inside water pressure at different initial joint gaps
after 30 min. elapsed time for picture frame water leakage test using EPDM gasket
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120
-0.01
0.00
0.01
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
gap = 0.1597
gap = 0.194
gap = 0.26
gap = 0.225
gap =0.275
gap = 0.308
gap = 0.3223
Elapsed time = 30 min
Offset = 0.0 in
Elapsed time = 30 min
Offset = 0.0 in
Inside water pressure, P
i
(psi)
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Ch7
10
Illustrations
Refers to photographs, drawings, diagrams and
flowcharts, and schematics
Sources (cite the source):
Internet: download or copy and paste
Hardcopy scan: scan the image and import it
to your document
Graphic professionals: They can do the
drawings for you
You create your drawing using special
software such as CorelDraw, AutoCAD, Visio,
Adobe Photoshop, etc
Ch7 11
Illustrations
Ch7 12
Illustrations
Ch7
13
Illustrations
Graphics and Tables Guidelines
When incorporating graphics and tables into an
engineering document, pay attention to their
standard components, their placement, and
cross references to them. The following lists
summarizes guidelines stated in this chapter.
Add figure and table tittles
Add labels: In illustrations, add words that
identify the parts of the thing being
illustrated, and a pointer from each label to
the part being illustrated. In charts and
graphs, add labels to the axes.
Ch7
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Illustrations
Graphics and Tables Guidelines
Indicate sources of borrowed graphics or
tables

Place graphics and tables at the point of first
reference

Align and position graphics carefully

Include a legend: if your graphs or charts use
different symbols, colors, shadings, or patterns
to indicate different elements, include a legend
(Figures 7-7 and 7-8).
Ch7
15
Illustrations
Line
Graphs
Ch7
16
Illustrations
Bar Charts
Ch7
17
Illustrations
Graphics and Tables Guidelines
Provide cross reference to your graphics and
tables. Do not just pitch graphics and tables
into engineering documents without referring
to them and explaining key points, otherwise
readers may have a nice picture or a pile of
statistics, but no sense of purpose or meaning.
Use phrasing like the following
As can be seen in Figure 5
The arrangement of the network (Figure 8.2)
Averages for the fabric cutting speeds are
shown in Table 4 on the next page.
Ch7
18
Illustrations
Bar Charts