INDONESIA

Ever since 2012, Indonesian Government set a 12-

year compulsory Education:
6 years of primary education (age 6-12)
3 years of junior secondary education (age 13-
15)
3 years of senior secondary education (age 16-
18)

State (public) education is free at primary and
junior level of school. But it is not free for senior
high school.

Poverty and Geographical isolation

Based on UNICEF statistics, in Indonesia:

Enrollment in differs significantly among income
groups. The poorest percentage of the population
has a much lower NER (Net Enrolment rate of
49.9% compared to 72.2 % in the richest 20%.

More children from Urban areas (71.9%) go to
junior high compared to rural areas (54.1%)



Gender Gap
According to Badan Pusat Statistik Indonesia (Central Bureau of Indonesia
Statistics)
Nett Enrollment Ratio ( N E R ) by Urban-Rural Classification, Sex, and Level of
Education, 2011


School
Level/Area
Primary Junior
Secondary
Senior
Secondary
Urban F: 90.19 F: 70.59

F: 53.14
M: 91.7 M: 70.59

M: 54.59

Rural F: 90.71

F: 68.13

F: 42.70

M: 91.44

M: 63.75

M: 40.08

http://www.bps.go.id/eng/tab_sub/view.php?tabel=1&daftar=1&id_subyek=40&notab=14
But this is that was only enrolment rate, the
dropouts rate shows gender gap as girls are more
likely to drop out from boys.
In primary school, out of every 10 children who
drop out, 6 are girls and 4 are boys . Its the same
in junior secondary s chool. The gender gap
slightly widens at the senior secondary school to
7 girls dropping out for every 3 boys (Ministry of
National Education, 2002).

Low Quality Education: Teacher
In India, according to UNICEF:
The government set policy to have 1 teacher=30
pupils
Currently the natinal average is 1 teacher=34
pupils
States such as Jharkhand, Madhya Pradesh, and
West Bengal, 1 teacher = 60 pupils.
1 in 5 primary school teacher do not have the
requisite minimum academic qualification to
ensure childrens right to quality learning.
Low quality Education: Bad
Infrastructure
The DBEs National Education Insfrastructure
Management Systems (NEIMS) Report a statistics
of 24, 793 public ordinary schools:
3 544 schools do not have electricity, while a
further 804 schools have an unreliable electricity
source;
2402 schools have no water supply, while a
further 2611 schools have an unreliable water
supply;
913 do not have any ablution facilities while 11
450 schools are still using pit latrine toilets;


22 938 schools do not have stocked libraries,
while 19 541 do not even have a space for a
library;
21 021 schools do not have any laboratory
facilities, while 1 231 schools have stocked
laboratories;
2 703 schools have no fencing at all; and

19 037 schools do not have a computer
centre, whilst a further 3 267 have a room
designed as a computer centre but are not
stocked with computers.
There are also currently over 400 schools in
the Eastern Cape that are classified as mud-
schools, many of them consisting of mud and
shacks..