The document summarizes a lecture on urban development given by Prof. Shashikant Kumar. It discusses factors influencing urbanization such as economic development policies driving population transfer from rural to urban areas. It then provides an overview of the urban landscape in Anand, India, including population statistics and distribution of land use. Issues facing urban development in Anand are also summarized, such as lack of proper sanitation, housing shortages, and inadequate infrastructure.
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Presented at IRMA Anand. Readers are requested to acknowledge the source. Thanks
The document summarizes a lecture on urban development given by Prof. Shashikant Kumar. It discusses factors influencing urbanization such as economic development policies driving population transfer from rural to urban areas. It then provides an overview of the urban landscape in Anand, India, including population statistics and distribution of land use. Issues facing urban development in Anand are also summarized, such as lack of proper sanitation, housing shortages, and inadequate infrastructure.
The document summarizes a lecture on urban development given by Prof. Shashikant Kumar. It discusses factors influencing urbanization such as economic development policies driving population transfer from rural to urban areas. It then provides an overview of the urban landscape in Anand, India, including population statistics and distribution of land use. Issues facing urban development in Anand are also summarized, such as lack of proper sanitation, housing shortages, and inadequate infrastructure.
Settlement APIED Lecture: 24 th July 2013, IRMA (ANAND) Urban Development Land Management Development of People (Social-Economic) Facility Planning and Management Urban Planning Short Term and Long Term
Urban Distinction Demographic Physical Socio-Economic Administrative Factors Influencing Urbanisation Half a century ago, Karl Polanyi wrote of "the fatal irreversibility of urbanization". Urbanization is an inevitable outcome of economic development policies. No nation in modern history has managed to attain sustained levels of per capita income growth without a massive transfer of population from land to city. 6 : 30 : 65 6 percent of Countrys Area is under urban use approx. 2,05,000 Sq.km 30 percent of Population - Urban Density 1400 persons/sq.km 65 percent of Economy
It means
Each Sq. Km of urban land and Every 1,400 urban residents Contribute:
~ Rs. 4 crore to the GDP
Not Rocket Science.just Urban Planning More than 50% of the world lives in cities They have come to the forefront of policy for energy and climate change. More than 70% of our growing population is expected to live in cities in the next 50 years. In sub-Saharan Africa more than 60% of people live in slum-like conditions. This compares to 35% in Asia, 24% in Latin America, and 6% in the countries with advanced economies.
Illegal Construction Undesirable Land use Lack of Water Sources & Availability Lack of Sanitation & Disposal Shortage of Housing leading to Slums Inadequate Infrastructure Network Lacks proper public Transport High Pollution levels Air, Water & Noise
The neglect of cities: Unhygenic City Environment The neglect of cities: lack of investments The neglect of cities: degeneration of governance The neglect of cities: Little Improvement in Public Transport ANAND has seen rapid settlement growth along the Anand Vallabh Vidyanagar and Karamsad road. Bakrol-Boriyavi & Mogar-Vasad region. It is well on track to becoming a Municipal Corporation with the inclusion of various peripheral villages like Chikhodra, Lambhvel, V. V Nagar, Bakrol, Mogri and 20 others. Anands identity is that of an important urban centre providing higher order education and health facilities as well as employment. Anand is known as the Milk Capital of India. The city hosts the National Dairy Development Board of India and Anand Agricultural University. VallabhVidhyanagar and Karamsad, an educational suburb of Anand.
Villages Adas, Ankalawadi, Boriya, Chikhodra, Gamdi, Gana, Gopalpura, Hadgood, Jakhariya, Jitodiya, Jol, Khandhali, Lambhvel, Meghvagana, Mogar, Mogri, Morad, Napad Talpad, Napad vanto, Navali, Rajpura, Samarkha, Sandesar, Vadod, Vaghasi, Valasan, Vasad Vaskhiliya Cities and Towns Anand, Bakrol, Boriyavi, Karamsad, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Vitthal Udyog Nagar Anand UA Total Male Female Population 286,921 148,801 138,120 Anand (M) 197,351 102,359 94,992 Town/Area Type/Governance Gamdi Census Town Jitodiya (Part) Out Growth Karamsad Municipality Mogri Out Growth Vallabh Vidyanagar Municipality Vithal Udyognagar INA Industrial Notified Area Current Built-Up COMF Y CI R CL E - - - - T OWN H A L L 2 STREET
EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTION COMMERCIAL BLOCK BUNGALOWS STREET FOOD JOINTS C O M M E R C I A L -
O F F I C E
C O M M E R C I A L -
S T U D E N T
H O U S I N G
P A R T Y
P L O T S
K E Y U S E / ACT I V I T I E S Various different kinds of usage of land can be seen along the faces of a single road.
Along AV Road from comfy circle to town hall, the gradient varies from single unit bungalows to high rise apartment, shanty food joints to large commercial complexes, spaced by large open grounds.
Thus the population density along the road periphery varies drastically from place to place as well as from time to time due to the floating population in the commercial areas. While the density of the layer behind the edges of the road remains quite stable due to the residential development in the interiors. 2.5 km stretch N Revenue Villages and Urban Areas : AVKUDA Urban Area High Growth Villages AVKUDA AVKUDA Location 2001 2011 2032* Anand UA 2,39,645 286,921# 4,11,235* Villages 2,23,932 3,31,994* 4,55,285 Total 4,63,577 6,18,915* 8,66,520* # Provisional 2011, *Projected using baseline data BUILT UP AND LAND USE - ANAND Existing Map Prepared for AVKUDA Existing DP Area Anand-VV Nagar-Karamsad DP Plan Table : Existing Land Use (Percentage Share) CLASS ANAND BAKROL VALLABH_VI MOGRI KARAMSAD Other Villages TOTAL Agriculture 25.19 80.39 0.07 74.79 66.89 82.08 75.63 Commercial 4.37 0.17 4.77 1.46 0.66 0.61 0.94 Gamtal 0.00 1.55 0.00 1.57 1.12 1.27 1.18 Industries 0.92 0.00 0.00 9.04 9.37 0.45 1.32 Public Purpose 17.85 0.86 23.08 2.76 1.99 0.91 2.53 Public Utility 3.49 0.20 10.40 0.39 2.44 0.31 0.78 Residential 36.56 12.21 47.84 5.53 11.14 4.27 8.15 Transport 10.54 2.97 13.70 1.20 4.88 5.71 5.77 Vacant 0.00 0.01 0.14 0.00 0.00 1.23 0.93 Waterbody 1.08 1.64 0.00 3.26 1.50 3.15 2.76 Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 Housing Characteristics Issues along Major Roads Water Resources in AVKUDA Green/Agricultural Zones Industrial Zones Commercial Area Transportation H E I GH T V AR I AT I ON GR AP H J A N T A CH OWK D I - - - - COMF Y CI R CL E Major Height difference is not noticed along the road, maximum height being G+4. All old residential bungalows are G to G+1. New commercial development are constructed using maximum FSI. Maximum number of buildings are G+2. WOODLAND BUILDING SIVER OAK TEMPORARY SHOPS HEENA AUTO CONSULTANTS BIG BAZAAR ON S I T E S E T B ACK S T U D Y A . V .
R O A D
Making do without planning Administrators Do not know about planning; find planners with their antiquated ideas and discredited reputation a hindrance; Do not see its need Crusading Judges Want to order the improvement of cities Righteous/demanding NGOs Want to replace government as public goods provider; want to intensify demands on government; find it difficult topartner with government Focused infrastructure agencies Want to concentrate on their sector and ignore the rest Poor planning legislation, no updating of legislation Degeneration of planning capacities in local governments Encroachment on turf of urban planning Planning departments starved of funds Too few planners trained Plans that could not be implemented and regulation that could not be enforced Complete reliance on government funding Limit Fixed Urban Sprawl Over grown city- distortions- (Land Pooling Required ?) Residential and Institutional Development Multiple Administrative Regulation
Emergence of New Vidyanagar - Sustainability and Continuity Planning and Design Core City Issues Participatory Process Peri-Urban Issues Public Governance Climate Change Housing and Sanitation Land Management Access to Infrastructure Road, Water Supply etc Enhancing individual character of towns Protection of Heritage Sustainable City Green Spaces, Renewable Energy, Re-Use & Recycle, Protecting rights of Pedestrian, Urban Poor, and Safety of Women and Senior Citizens Hi-Tech and Global city Boost to economic characteristics Safeguard Education and Institutional Characteristics Environmental Concerns No. Layer Data Type Attribute 1 Building footprints Polygon ID, area 2 All Roads Line (Centerline) & polygon (Road) Name, length, width, type 3 Railway line Line Name, type 4 Water bodies and drains Polygon Name, area 5 Open spaces Polygon Type of open space, area 6 Land marks Point Name 7 Administrative boundaries municipal corporation, ward, development authority, zones, etc. Polygon Name, area, census data 8 Plot boundaries (Cadastral data)* Polygon Survey number Analysis of Urban Environment/Initial Environment Existing Infrastructure Assessment Land Suitability Analysis Housing Sector and Land Value Analysis Disaster Prone Areas Analysis Existing Land Use Mapping Land use and Zoning Identity of City Global & Local Understanding Macro Trends Urban Design & Standards Voluntary V/s Planned Participatory Planning Process Needs of Urban Poor Public Transport and Services Up gradation Plans Citizen Participation and Ownership Functioning of Elected Representatives Conservation Policies Government v/s General Public Process, Instruments and Space Role of Experts Participatory Planning Process Level of Participation Civic Volunteers Need Based Growth Environmental Impact Coordinated Jurisdictions Land use zoning Socio-Cultural & Political Impact Citizen Involvement
Land Use & Zoning Economic Growth & Employment Financial Stability Jurisdiction Land Information System E-Governance GIS/MIS/SCADA
Liquid Waste Discharge (Dudhiya Talav) from Amul Plant into the City Areas since last 40 years hazard for the population with in Anand. Solid Waste Management No doorstep collection No storage at source Unhygienic system of secondary storage Deficient Transport Improper Disposal Non adherence to rules Challenge to develop housing for majority of population Improvement in Health and Sanitation Secure Livelihood for poor Improvement in Quality of city life Reaching vast populations by-passed by present development strategies. Getting over the poverty and aid syndrome. Meeting the huge resource needs through unique partnerships, community willingness to help itself and imaginative delivery mechanisms. Making development inclusive and holistic. Finding appropriate and nature sensitive solutions which complement the above needs. Poor Housing and Infrastructure in existing Slums in Anand Housing for Poor Anand
Is this enough? About 900 houses for urban poor being build in
Boriyavi and Anand Increased housing demand in
Hadgud Jitodia Mogri Mogar Vasad
How to phase the public housing scheme? TP Schme /Non TP Areas Citizen Concerns Residential Conflict Old v/s New Development Social Amenities Neighborhood Infrastructure Accessibility Utility Ownership Up gradation Integration with Anand Bakrol- Karamsad - Issues
Double Crop Areas Investment in Irrigation Large work force dependent on primary sector Decentralized Growth Hubs Response to requirement of Settlement Every settlement should be looked seperatly Integration with core city Urban Agglomeration areas to be managed Rural- Farm sector integration with urban Facilitating Rural products to the core city Protect Double Crop Areas Identification of Growth Centres, servicing cluster of settlements and core city Facility Management at fringe or providing access to city amenities. Support Agro-based economy agro- processing, poultry, dairying etc.? Regulate Animal Husbandry in Core and Fringe settlements ?
Land Management in Fringes Reservations Housing and Public Amenities Road Network- Circulation and accesss Protection of natural ponds, drainage
Solid Waste Management Decentralised Plants between Clusters Separate Organic Waste, Recycle and material for landfill sites. Transportation Movement of people from all settlement and mode of transport Regulate Traffic Improve Junctions-Land use Restricting Movement of Traffic near Institutes Improve safety of Senior Citizens, School Children and Disable on the road and city Promoting Non-Polluting Vehicles and reducing Noise Levels. Plan for Cycle Track/ Electric Cars/Pedestrian Movement Reduce Carbon Footprint Renewable Energy Sources Protect and Conserve Green Spaces, Heritage and City Form
Eugene and John Jilka v. Saline County, Kansas, Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Committee, Its Review Committee, and United States of America, 330 F.2d 73, 10th Cir. (1964)