Paradigm Publishing, Inc.

Computer Concepts
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Topics
Topics Computer Concepts
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Paradigm Publishing, Inc.
2.1 Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide Web
2.2 Connecting to the Internet
2.3 Popular Web Browsers
2.4 Understanding Internet and Web Addresses and Navigating Web Pages
2.5 Searching the Web
2.6 Evaluating Web Content
2.7 Popular Web Plug-ins and Players for Multimedia Content
2.8 E-Commerce, Messaging, and Internet Telephone and Conferencing Options
Chapter Summary
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2.1 Networks, the Internet, and the World Wide
Web
Network: two or more devices that
are linked together to share
resources and communicate with
each other
Internet (Net): a global network
that links together other networks
Internet Service Provider (ISP):
a company that provides access to
the Internets infrastructure for a fee
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2.1 Networks, the Internet, and the World
Wide Webcontinued
World Wide Web (Web or WWW): the
global collection of web pages circulated
on the Internet
web page: a document that contains text and
multimedia content
web browser: a software program used to
view web pages
website: a collection of related web pages for
one organization or individual
web server: where all of the web pages and
resources that make a website work are stored

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2.1 Networks, the Internet, and the World
Wide Webcontinued
Web 2.0: websites that encourage and facilitate collaboration
and sharing and allow users to add or edit content
Web 3.0 or the Semantic Web: meaningful connections
between data and Web pages will exist, allowing you to find
more complex information more easily and quickly
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2.2 Connecting to the Internet
Components needed for Internet access:
network interface card (NIC), often referred to in computer ads as
an Ethernet port: hardware where you plug one end of an Ethernet
cable into the notebook and the other end into a device that connects
to the Internet
wireless interface card: allows you to connect to a network using
wireless technology
Bluetooth: connectivity which offers the ability to connect to another
Bluetooth-enabled device
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2.2 Connecting to the Internetcontinued
You will also need:
an account with an Internet Service Provider (ISP)
networking equipment (usually provided by your ISP) such as a cable
modem, DSL modem, wireless modem, or satellite modem
a router may be needed if you will be connecting multiple devices
(newer modems integrate a wireless router within the same
equipment)
a web browser such as Internet Explorer, Firefox, Chrome, or Safari
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2.2 Connecting to the Internetcontinued
ISPs are companies that provide the equipment and servers
that allow your PC or mobile device to connect to the Internet
backbone
fees for Internet access vary and are usually based on the connection
speed
deciding on the connection speed is generally based on your
anticipated usage
you may also receive multiple email accounts and security tools to
keep your PC or mobile device virus- and spam-free
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2.2 Connecting to the Internetcontinued
Broadband: any always-on
connection capable of carrying
a large amount of data at a
fast speed
Megabits per second
(Mbps): how speed for
broadband connectivity is
expressed; data transfers at
the rate of 1 million bits per
second
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2.2 Connecting to the Internetcontinued
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2.2 Connecting to the Internetcontinued
Cable Internet access: provided by the
same cable company with which you
subscribe for television service


Digital Subscriber Line (DSL): provided
by your telephone company
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2.2 Connecting to the Internetcontinued
Fiber-to-the-Premises (FTTP) also
referred to as Fiber-to-the-Home
(FTTH) or Fiber-Optic-Service (FiOS):
involves the ISP running a fiber-optic
cable directly to your home or business

Satellite Internet access: an option in
rural areas where cable or DSL is not
available
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2.2 Connecting to the Internetcontinued
Fixed wireless Internet access: involves
installing an antenna outside your home to
send and receive radio signals
Wireless Fidelity (Wi-Fi) network:
wireless access points and radio signals are
used to transmit data
Mobile broadband sticks: portable
modems that plug into a USB port on your
mobile device and connect via a cellular
network
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2.2 Connecting to the Internetcontinued
3G (third generation) or 4G (fourth
generation): devices that provide
Internet access through cell towers
4G LTE network: fastest network for
mobile devices
Dial-up: connect your PC to your
telephone system via a modem built
into your PC
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 1
1. The collection of networks that provides the
pathway for data to travel is the ______.
a. Web
b. Internet
c. Internet4
d. Superhighway
3. High-speed Internet access is referred to by
this term.
a. Broadband
b. Megabits per second (Mbps)
c. Superhighway
d. Baseband
4. Which of the following connections is NOT
high speed?
a. Cable
b. DSL
c. FTTP
d. Dial-up
2. This refers to the global collection of web
pages circulated on the Internet.
a. Internet
b. Superhighway
c. World Wide Web
d. Web server
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2.3 Popular Web Browsers
Hypertext Markup Language (HTML): a markup language
used to create web pages
uses tags to describe page content
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2.3 Popular Web Browserscontinued
Internet Explorer (IE): the web browser included with
Microsoft Windows
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2.3 Popular Web Browserscontinued
Chrome: Googles free web browser that runs on Windows-
compatible PCs
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2.3 Popular Web Browserscontinued
Firefox: a free web browser available at mozilla.org by the
Mozilla Foundation
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2.3 Popular Web Browserscontinued
Safari: Apples browser used on Mac and Apple mobile devices
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2.3 Popular Web Browserscontinued
Mobile web browsers:
designed to quickly display web
pages optimized for the smaller
screens on devices such as
tablets and smartphones
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2.4 Understanding Internet and Web Addresses
and Navigating Web Pages
Internet Protocol (IP) address: a unique address assigned
to a computing device that is connected to the Internet
ICANN (Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and
Numbers): a nonprofit organization that is in charge of
keeping track of the Internet addresses and names all around
the world
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2.4 Understanding Internet and Web Addresses
and Navigating Web Pagescontinued
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2.4 Understanding Internet and Web Addresses
and Navigating Web Pagescontinued
Web address: a text-based address, to navigate to a website
also called a uniform resource locator (URL)
Domain Name System (DNS) server: a server that holds
the directory and is owned by a business or ISP
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2.4 Understanding Internet and Web Addresses
and Navigating Web Pagescontinued
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2.4 Understanding Internet and Web Addresses
and Navigating Web Pagescontinued
Most people browse the Web in one of two ways:
1. by typing the web address of a company or organization to go
directly to a website
2. by typing a search phrase into a search engine website
Home page: the first page of a website that displays when
the web address is requested
Hyperlinks (links): when clicked or tapped on a touchscreen
take you to a related web page
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 2
1. This is the web browser included with
Microsoft Windows.
a. Internet Explorer
b. Chrome
c. Safari
d. Firefox
3. This is the nonprofit organization that keeps
track of Internet addresses for the world.
a. IPv6
b. IPv4
c. ICANN
d. IPANN
4. A Web address is called a(n) _________.
a. IP address
b. URL
c. DNS
d. Hyperlink
2. This browser allows you to type search
phrases directly in the Address bar.
a. Chrome
b. Internet Explorer
c. Firefox
d. Safari
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2.5 Searching the Web
Search engine: a company that
searches web pages and indexes
the pages by keywords or by
subject
Spiders or crawlers: programs
used by search engines that read
web pages and other information
to generate index entries
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2.5 Searching the Webcontinued
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2.5 Searching the Webcontinued
Following are some guidelines for fine-tuning a search:
Place a search phrase in quotations
Type a minus symbol in front of a keyword
Consider using a search engines category
Check out a search engines advanced search tools
Restrict searches to a specific time frame
Look for Help at the search engines website
Metasearch search engines: send your search phrase to
other search engines and then compile the results in one list
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2.5 Searching the Webcontinued
Content aggregator: an organization
that searches the Web for new content
and collects and organizes the content in
one place
Really Simple Syndication (RSS): a
specification used by content
aggregators to distribute updates to
subscribers
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2.6 Evaluating Web Content
Start at the web address: look at domain names for publishers
of content in the print-based world with which you are familiar
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2.6 Evaluating Web Contentcontinued
Look for an author and the authors affiliation: check for an
authors name at the page
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2.6 Evaluating Web Contentcontinued
Check the publication date: in
most cases you want to find the
most recent information about a
topic
a clue to the date of publication
may appear in the linked web
address
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2.6 Evaluating Web Contentcontinued
Purpose and design of the site: consider the purpose and
design of the page you are reading
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 3
1. A search engine uses this type of program to
search the Web for keywords to index.
a. Hyperlinks
b. HTTP
c. Metaindex
d. Spider
3. Which of the following is NOT a strategy to
help you evaluate a web pages credibility?
a. Look at the domain name for an organization
you recognize.
b. Check for an authors name and affiliation.
c. Evaluate the page design.
d. Look for the same page at a different search
engine.
4. If a publication date is not on the web page,
a clue may appear in this linked address.
a. IP address
b. Web address
c. Mailing address for the organization
d. DNS
2. A search engine that compiles results from
other search engines is called a _______
search engine.
a. category
b. hypertext
c. metasearch
d. cybersearch
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2.7 Popular Web Plug-ins and Players for
Multimedia Content
Plug-in (add-on) or player: a software program that allows
the browser to display enhanced content that it cannot display
on its own
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2.7 Popular Web Plug-ins and Players for
Multimedia Contentcontinued
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2.8 E-Commerce, Messaging, and Internet
Telephone and Conferencing Options
E-commerce: the abbreviation for electronic commerce,
which involves buying or selling over the Internet
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2.8 E-Commerce, Messaging, and Internet
Telephone and Conferencing Optionscontinued
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2.8 E-Commerce, Messaging, and Internet
Telephone and Conferencing Optionscontinued
Email (electronic mail): the sending and receiving of digital
messages using the Internet, sometimes with documents or
photos attached
Email address: used to connect to your email account at the
ISP server and is generated in the format
username@mailserver.com or username@mailserver.net
Email client: a program such as Microsofts Outlook or
Apples Mail to send and receive messages
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2.8 E-Commerce, Messaging, and Internet
Telephone and Conferencing Optionscontinued
Text messages: short text exchanges,
referred to as texting, that you send to
another mobile device using a service
called Short Message Service (SMS)
Instant messaging: exchanging text
messages in real time between other
users of similar devices
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2.8 E-Commerce, Messaging, and Internet
Telephone and Conferencing Optionscontinued
Voice over Internet Protocol
(VoIP): the ability to call
someone using the Internet and
engage in a voice conversation
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2.8 E-Commerce, Messaging, and Internet
Telephone and Conferencing Optionscontinued
Web conferencing: a program that allows a group of
individuals to connect online to engage in a meeting
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CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING 4
1. This player allows you to read PDF
documents.
a. Adobe Reader
b. Adobe Flash Player
c. Shockwave Player
d. Real Player
3. E-tailers are primarily involved in this
category of e-commerce.
a. B2C
b. B2B
c. B2W
d. C2C
4. This type of software allows a group of
individuals to collaborate online in a meeting.
a. VoIP
b. Email
c. Instant messaging
d. Web conferencing
2. This player is a programming language used
on web pages.
a. QuickTime
b. Real Player
c. Silverlight
d. Java
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Chapter Summary
After successfully completing this chapter, you are now able to:
Describe the Internet and the World Wide Web
Identify the hardware, software, and service you need to connect to the
Internet
List and explain the various types of Internet connectivity options
Recognize four popular web browsers used to view content
Distinguish parts of a URL and search, browse, and evaluate online content
Recognize plug-ins and players used on web pages to enrich content
Explain online services such as e-commerce, email, and VoIP