CHAPTER 6:

Sources of Energy
6.1 Understanding various forms and
sources of energy
Forms of energy
1. energy is defined as the ability to do work and
is measured in joules (J).
2. All living things need energy to conduct their
daily activities.
3. energy can found in many forms such as HEAT
ENERGY, POTENTIAL ENERGY, NUCLEAR ENERGY,
SOUND ENERGY, ELECTRICAL ENERGY, KINETIC
ENERGY, LIGHT ENERGY AND CHEMICAL ENERGY.
KINETIC ENERGY.

Kinetic energy is energy possessed by a
moving object.
The kinetic energy of an object increases
when it moves faster.
Examples:
A flying bird
A moving car
POTENTIAL ENERGY

Potential energy is the energy stored in
an object.
a. position - gravitational force energy,
example: Coconut on tree
b. condition - elastic potential energy,
examples: stretched spring, stretched
rubber band.
HEAT ENERGY

Stored in hot object. Examples Sun,
fire, and boiling water.
The hotter the object, the higher the
heat energy it gives out.
The Sun is the main sources of heat
energy.
LIGHT ENERGY
Energy produced by an object that
emits light.
Examples Lamp, fire, lightning, bulb,
and candle.
Can detect by eye.

CHEMICAL ENERGY
Stored in chemical substances such as
fuel, food and electrochemical cell

SOUND ENERGY
Produced by a vibrating object.
Sound can transferred by gases, liquid
and solid.
Sound cannot travel in a vacuum.
ELECTRICAL ENERGY
Produced by the electric charges that
flow. Sources of electrical energy are
dynamos, batteries, solar panel/cell and
generator.

NUCLEAR ENERGY
known as atomic energy.
Obtained from elements such as
plutonium and uranium

Sources of energy

There are various sources of energy on
Earth such as:
fossil fuel (petroleum, natural gas and
coal)
biomass fuels (from plant and animal)
Radioactive substances(Plutonium and
uranium are used in nuclear power
station to produce nuclear energy)
Wind (Caused by winds blowing on the
surface of the sea)
Water in mountain areas (Changes
potential energy to kinetic energy to
generate electrical energy)
Waves
Geothermal (heat from inside the Earth)
The Sun.

Energy change
Energy can changes from one form
into another.
We use a machine to change one
form of energy into another form that
is needed to do certain work.
A machine that can change energy
from one form into another is called
an energy converter.
Examples:
Moving car (chemical energy into kinetic
energy)
A radio (electrical energy into sound energy)
Electric kettle (electric energy into heat energy)
Alarm clock (potential energy into kinetic
energy into sound energy)
A falling coconut (potential energy into kinetic
energy)
Renewable and non-renewable energy
Renewable energy sources are energy
sources that can be replaced when they
have been used. This means that the
supply of these energy sources will not
be used up.
Non renewable energy sources are
energy sources that cannot be replaced
and will finally be used up.
Renewable energy sources
Wind
Geothermal
Sun
Waves
Biomass
Water
Non Renewable energy sources
Fossil fuels
Radioactive metals

They take so long to form and
therefore cannot be replaced.