CREATING SET

Steps taken by a teacher to begin a

lesson or other classroom activity.
To introduce topic and get students
focused and interested in the days lesson.
When the learners are set, they are
ready to learn.
It is about getting ready and induced into
the right frame or mind-set to learn.
Concerned with the ways of introducing
the teaching and learning process.
WHY CREATE SET?
To arrest or gain the attention of
the learners and prepare them into
a state of readiness.
To motivate the learners and get
them interested in the lesson.
To get students focused or think
on what is to be learned.
To suggest an approach of the
lesson.


To establish a link between what
students had known before and
what is introduced, moving from old
to new materials and linking of the
two.
To establish a framework to assess
the impact and effectiveness of a
lessons
To give meaning to a new concept or
principle, such as giving examples.


Ways to Create a Good Set
Attention Gaining Method
o Perform or do something
o Do nothing
o Start talking in low tone
o Eyes focus on students with
disruptive behaviour.
Interest Method
Ask perplexing question: For example,
if you are given N10,000000 how are
you going use it to establish an IT
business?
Show specimens, samples or real
objects,
Present a case study,
Show pictures,
Give demonstration
Putting the lesson in Context
Ask questions to assess prior
knowledge/skills
Review previous lessons and link
them to what is to be learnt in
class
Give them learning objectives
Advance Organizers:
A cognitive strategy proposed by Ausubel,
allows the learner to recall and transfer
prior knowledge to the new information
being presented. Advance Organizers
examples are:
A simple statement
A mind-map
A handout
A humble story or anecdote
Closure
Everything has a beginning and an end.
Closure, is indispensable in teaching.
Any lesson that is not closed does not
have its full effects on the learners.
A teacher begins the lesson with set
induction and ends with closure.
Closure is concerned with the ways of
closing the teaching and learning process.
Kinds of Closure
Instructional closure: instructional closure
is reached when the lesson is completed and
the teacher shows the link between past
knowledge and the new knowledge.
Cognitive closure: cognitive closure is
reached when the students have reached
closure and have made the link between old
and new knowledge.
Social Closure: social closure is the act of
giving pupils a feeling of achievement after a
lesson and encouraging them to continue to
strive and make improvements.

Ways to Good Closure
Structure and making links
Link to the instructional objectives
Link to the advance organizers
Links with familiar materials
Value of the lesson
Follow up Resources
Provide information on relevant
resources that can be complementary
for the lesson:
Textual
Video
Audio
Multimedia


Reviewing and summarizing
Reviewing
Reiteration of key points, recapitulating
Revising or reviewing the lesson
Summarizing
Teacher: The teacher summarises the
major points and
Students: Get the students to
summarise the major points or concept.
Evaluate the lesson
Ask questions to elucidate for
information on students learning gain.
Involve students in activities, e.g.
Use new concepts of ideas,
Dramatization.
Demonstrate newly acquired skills,
Express opinions about the value of
what was done.
Give follow up assignments to assist
students in chaining of contents.