Knowledge theories supporting

CLIL
Professional Competence
Laura Cardona and Ruzanna Galstyan
CEU Cardenal Herrera
(Adapted from Maria Alcantuds power point)
Contents
1. Introduction
2. Bloom's and Marzano's taxonomy of learning domains
3. Multiple Intelligences and learning styles
4. Lev Vigotsky's scaffolding theory
5. Jim Cummins' common underlying linguistic competence
6. Learning vs acquisition: Stephen Krashen
7. Advantages of plurilingualism

1. Introduction

CLIL - 1994 by David Marsh and Anne Maljers
Learning content through an additional language
(foreign or second)
Very important for the European Commission.
Benefits
nurturing self-confidence
exposure to the language
particular interest in vocational settings
2. Blooms taxonomy


Knowledge
Comprehension
Application
Analysis
Synthesis
Evaluation
2. Blooms taxonomy Critical thinking
Unrau (1977)
Imagine alternative solutions and perspectives
Make an effort to persevere in acquiring and integrating knowledge
Play with ideas
Evaluate the consequences of beliefs, decision, and actions
Reflect on ones own thinking and that of others in order to gain
knowledge on oneself and others.



2. Blooms taxonomy
Practical exercise
Applying Blooms Taxonomy in the Classroom
Writing Example for Bloom's Taxonomy
Bloom's Taxonomy Guide to Writing Questions
Task
Think of an exercise for your students related to the subject you are
currently teaching. When you ask the questions, problems or whatever you
have in mind, take into account the table we have provided. Bear in mind at all
times to move up from lower order thinking skills to higher order thinking skills
when asking those questions, which, in itself, will make a more sensible way of
progressing through the exercise.

2. Marzano's taxonomy

Knowledge Domain

Information (What is it?)
Mental procedure (knowing how to classify and/or compare)
Physical procedure (performing an action)


Cognitive system
Knowledge retrieval
Comprehension
Analysis
Knowledge use









3. Multiple Intelligences and learning styles
Howard Gardner

1. Verbal-Linguistic Intelligence
2. Mathematical-Logical Intelligence
3. Visual-Spatial Intelligence
4. Intrapersonal Intelligence
5. Bodily-Kinesthetic Intelligence
6. Interpersonal
7. Naturalist Intelligence
8. Musical-Rhythmic Intelligence

Piaget and Vygotsky.

Piaget
Vygotsky

Vygotsky
Socio cultural theory
















The child as an active
learner: they take
action to solve
problems

Assimilation
+Accomodation =
process of
thinking
Development and
learning take place
in a social context:
people play
importatnt roles in
helping children to
learn
ZPD (Zone of
proximal
development)
Scaffolding
5. Jim Cummins' common underlying linguistic
competence
Theories on bilingualism and bilingual or plurilingual
education
What is the interdependence hypothesis?
The relationship of the first language to the learning of another
language.
What is the common underlying proficiency?
Proficiencies involving more cognitively demanding tasks are
common across languages
Linguistic interdependence hypothesis "dual-iceberg,
The dimension of language used in more cognitively demanding
tasks that involve more complex language is CALP (Cognitive
academic Language Proficency).


5. Jim Cummins' common underlying linguistic
competence
Threshold (=levels) Hypothesis
Individuals with high levels of proficiency in both languages experience
cognitive advantages and cognitive flexibility.
Additive Bilingualism
The second language doesnt substitute the first language, but compliments the
first language.
BICS & CALP
Basic Interpersonal Communicative Skills in the second language:
decribes the development of conversational fluency.
Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency Classroom Implications
describes the use of language in decontextualized academic situations.




Classroom implications

Students with some schooling in their primary language will succeed
academicly as theyre learning the second language.
Giving students content rich literature in both languages will encourage
their academic success.

Child language learning and language acquisition

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Krashen: language learning and
language acquisition.
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NiTsduRreug
Piaget and Vygotsky
Features of Young learners (3-12).
Krashen
Vygotsky
VS Piaget