Definition of Breathing

Breathing is process of taking and

removing air from and to the lungs
Human need breathing to enter oxygen
gas to the lungs and throw away the
carbondioxide from the lungs. Oxygen
is diffused with blood then used in
respiration process to produce energy
Structure of Organs in
Breathing System

Structure of Organs in
Breathing System
1
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
Firstly, the air enter nasal cavity.
The nasal cavity is lined with hairs
called cilia to help filter out any foreign
particles. It also helps to warm and
moisten the air.
Air also enters through the mouth,
when the nasal cavity is blocked
The air from the nose or mouth is
funneled through the throat (pharynx)
and into the windpipe (trachea).
The throat is divided into three
portions, the nasopharynx (nose),
oropharynx (mouth), and
laryngopharynx (larynx).
The Trachea is lined with rigid cartilage
to keep the passageway open.
Sometimes an opening is made into the
trachea as an alternative method for the
exchange of gases
A flap of tissue called the epiglottis
covers the voice box or larynx during
swallowing to prevent food and liquid
from entering the bronchi and lungs.
The pharynx also contains the opening
for tubes through which air reaches the
middle ear to adjust for pressure
changes (eustachian tubes).
The trachea branches into two tubes
called bronchi. Each bronchus enters
one of the lungs and then branches
into smaller tubes called bronchioles.
The bronchi and bronchioles are lined
with tiny hairs called cilia and sticky
mucus called phlegm to catch dust and
germs. The respiratory system
produces approximately 125 mL of
mucus each day that is removed by the
movement of the cilia.
The bronchioles have small sacs at
their ends called alveoli. Capillaries in
the walls of the alveoli exhange oxygen
and carbon dioxide by the process of
diffusion.
Each alveolus is lined with a liquid
called surfactant through which the
diffusion occurs.
The large number of alveoli, nerves,
lymph tissues, and capillaries give the
lungs a spongelike texture. The lungs
are divided into sections called lobes
Each lung is surrounded by a double
membrane called pleura. The pleurae
separate and lubricate the delicate lung
tissues.
They are slippery, allowing a gliding
motion of the lungs during respiration.
The ribs support and protect the chest
cavity (thorax).
During breathing, muscles lift and
separate the ribs to help the lungs
expand. The diaphragm is a large flat
muscle that separates the thoracic
cavity from the abdominal cavity.
The diaphragm contracts and moves
downward during inhalation. This
creates suction, and air is pulled in
from outside the body. Exhalation
occurs when the diaphragm relaxes
Following the Inhalation Process
Air enters the respiratory system through the
nose or mouth
Air from the nose or mouth is then funneled
through the throat and into the trachea
The trachea branches into two tubes called
bronchi
Each bronchus enters one of the lungs and then
branches into smaller tubes called bronchioles
The bronchioles have small sacs at their ends
called alveoli
Capillaries in the walls of the alveoli exchange
oxygen and carbon dioxide by the process of
diffusion
Thorax and Abdomen Breathing
Thorax breathing is the kind of
breathing which caused by contraction
and relaxation of ribs muscle.
Abdomen breathing is the kind of
breathing which caused by contraction
and relaxation of diaphragm muscle.
Inspiration happen if the muscle
between ribs had contraction. This
contraction makes ribs raise and the
chest cavity volume increased then
make the air pressure inside chest
cavity become more decreased than
the surrounding. This different
pressure make the air from outside
enter to the inside.
Expiration happen if the muscle
between ribs had relaxation. This
relaxation makes ribs down and the
chest cavity volume decreased then
make the air pressure inside chest
cavity become more increased than the
surrounding. This different pressure
make the air from inside go out to the
outside