INSULATION COORDINATION

Contents
Introduction
Definition
Volt- time Curve
Basic Impulse Insulation Level (BIL)
Basic Impulse Insulation Level of Substation equipment
Selection of BIL of transformer
Conclusion
Insulation Coordination
The selection of suitable values for the insulation levels of
the various equipments in any electrical system and its
correlation to the insulation of the protective devices used
for protection of these equipments against over voltages.

Volt- time Curve
volt time curves of the protecting device
and the equipment
Basic Impulse Insulation Level (BIL)
Basic Impulse Insulation Level (BIL) are reference levels expressed
in impulse crest voltage with a standard wave not longer than
1.2/50 sec wave

Basic Impulse Insulation Level of
Substation equipment

BIL values for various system voltages as
per Indian Standards
Normal System
Voltage kV
Reference Class kV
Standard
BIL kV
Reduced Insulation
Level
22 23 150
32 34.5 200
44 46 250
66 69 350
88 92 450
110 115 550 450
132 138 650 550
154 161 750 650
220 230 1050 900
273 287 1300 1050
330 345 1550 1300
Relative position volt- time curves of
substation equipments
Selection of BIL of transformer
138 kV transformer with solidly grounded neutral
During ground fault; the voltage across arrester = 1.05 x
0.74 x 138 = 107.2 kV
The nearest standard rating of LA is 109 kV
Breakdown value of the arrester is 400 kV
Assume 15% margin and 35 kV insulation between LA &
Transformer
The insulation level of the transformer = 400+400 x
0.15+35=495 kV

The characteristics of 109 kV LA

Conclusion
The conventional method of insulation coordination
requires the evaluation of the highest over voltage and
selection of a standard impulse voltage with suitable
safety margin
But maintaining a high degree of insulation for infrequent
occurrence over voltage is uneconomical
It is important to consider the economic viability of the
design in terms of equipment cost and service continuity
In modern practice, probabilistic concepts and statistical
procedures are used, especially for HV installations.




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