East meets West

Spanish Period
Ueseni Gunsi-Gabriel
Reasons for colonization
1. the extension of faith
2. increase of dominion
3. glory Spain vs. Portugal
4. riches

Reasons for Explorations
1. Gospel
2. Gold
3. Glory
Spice Trade


Spices add flavor to drab European food in the
16th century
Bartering for spices in a marketplace of a
German city in the 16
th
century
Spices were in demand in Medieval Europe
to mask the unpleasant odor and taste
of decomposing food
16
th
century European cargo boats
Transporting spices and produce
Source:http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/tropical/lecture_35/lec_35.html
Attraction of Spices in
Antiquity
Magical rites and spells
Purification ceremonies and embalming
Fragrances & perfumes
Flavoring & condiments
Food preservation
Curatives, aphrodisiacs, vermifuges
Poisons
Spices (especially cloves, pepper, saffron,
nutmeg) become great source of wealth in the
4th to 5th century.








Middle Ages

Commerce between Europe and East limited
Moslem Arabs controlled the spice trade
Venice became great power and controlled the Adriatic
and grew rich based on its trade with the east
Information on spices came from famous travelers
Rabbi Benjamin (1160-1173) Europe, Africa, and Asia
Marco Polo (1254-1324) Venetian visited the Kublai Khan
in China and brought back secret source of spices.
Describes Silk Road and seas routes to India
Plague outbreaks in 14th century increased value of
spices

Magellans route

Patronato Real
Kapangyarihan ng Hari na pumili ng
mga clergy
Union of Catholic Church and State
Divine Right Theory of Kings
Patronato Real
Church
Evangelization of the
natives
Recognizing the right of
Spaniards to
colonization
State
Promote and maintain
peace and order
Promote, maintain and
defend Catholic faith
Extract tribute and
finance costs of
missionary works /
stipend

http://www.slideshare.net/vballano/philippine-history-the-spanish-colonization
Catholic Church
1. Augustinians, 1565
2. Franciscans, 1577
3. Dominicans, 1587
4. Jesuit, 1581
5. Recollects, 1606
6. Capucchins
PAOAY CHURCH

Reduccion / Reduksyon / Plaza
Complex


Political Structure, Spanish
Period

Encomienda System
Encomienda
Miguel Lopez de Legaspi
Ito ay hango sa salitang Espanyol na
encomendar na nangangahulugang
ipagkatiwala.
Binuwag noong 1674
encomendero

Puropose ng Encomienda
1. To organize the colony
2. To indoctrinate the natives
Teach Catholic doctrines
2 Uri ng Encomienda
1. Royal o Crown.
Ito ay tumutukoy sa mga malalawak na lupain
sa mga baybay-dagat na pagmamay-ari ng
Hari ng Espanya.
Dahil malapit ito sa mga karagatan,
mayayaman ang mga lupaing ito at may
masiglang kalakalan.
Halimbawa ng royal encomienda ay ang
Malabon, Navotas, Santa Ana at Bagumbayan.
2. Pribado.
Ito ay ang mga lupain na opisyal na
itinatalaga ng Hari ng Espanya sa mga
tapat niyang alagad na naglilingkod sa
Filipinas.
Halimbawa ng pribadong encomienda ang
Sampalok, Pandakan, Batangas at Bataan.

Source: http://fil.wikipilipinas.org/index.php?title=Sistemang_Encomienda
Economic
1. Polo y servicio

Prestacion Personal ay hango sa
sistemang Repartimiento de Labor na
ipinatupad ng Espanya sa Mexico
sapilitang pagpapatrabaho sa mga
lalaking Pilipino at Mestizo Tsino na may
edad na labing-anim (16) hanggang
animnapu (60) sa loob ng 40 araw
Falla reales

July 26, 1523, King Charles V Indians
who had been pacified should
contribute a MODERATE AMOUNT in
recognition of their vassalage
(Cushner, 1979:101)
2. Tribute




3. Kalakalang Galyon
Mas kilala bilang Manila-Acapulco
Galleon Trade
1565 (?) 1815
Boletas space in the ships
Many of the ships were built in the
shipyard in Cavite, but others were built
in Mindoro, Pangasinan, Iloilo and
Marinduque.
Produkto ng Kalakalang
Galyon
1. Porcelain
2. Lacquer ware
3. Spices
4. silk
Silver 8 real coin of Philip V of
Spain, 1739
Social Classes
1. Peninsulares
Mga Kastilang
ipinanganak sa
Espanya
2. Insulares

3. Mestizo / Kriolyo
Spanish-Filipino
mestizo costume,
1800s

Spanish-Filipino
mestizo costume,
1800s

Chinese-Filipino
mestizo costume,
1800s
4. Indio


5. Chinese
pure-blooded
Not converted
to Catholic
faith

UNA BULAQUEA
ni Juan Luna
1895
Education
Edukasyon
Christian Doctrine / Latin
Missionaries
Pribilehiyo
Magkahiwalay ang babae at lalake
Science at Math ay di masyadong
itinuro

Schools for Boys
1. School for boys in Cebu,1565 by the
Augustinians
2. Colegio de San Ignacio,1589 by the
Jesuits in Manila
3. Colegio de San Idelfonso" in Cebu in
1595 (Jesuits)
4. Colegio de San Jose (1601)
5. 1589, Escuela Pia


6. University of Santo Tomas,1611 by the
Dominicans
7. San Juan de Letran, 1630,Dominicans
established for the orphaned boys.

School for Girls
1. Colegio de Santa Potenciana was the first
school and college for girls. This was
opened in 1589
2. Colegio de Santa Isabel opened in 1632.
3. Beaterio - for orphaned girls who could
not afford to educate themselves.
The subjects taught were housekeeping,
cooking, sewing and embroidery-making, and
others intended for good housekeeping.
Educational Decree 1863


The first educational system for students in the country
was established by virtue of the Education Decree of
1863.
required the government to provide school institutions
for boys and girls in every town.
As a consequence, the Spanish schools started
accepting Filipino students. It was during this time
when the intellectual Filipinos emerged.
The Normal School was also established which gave
men the opportunity to study a three-year teacher
education for the primary level.


Ateneo Municipal

Side entrance of the
old University Santo
Tomas in
Intramuros