1987

CONSTITUTION
OF THE PHILIPPINES
PREAMBLE
We, the (1) __________ Filipino people, imploring the
aid of the (2) __________ God, in order to build a just
and (3) __________ society, and establish a
Government that shall embody our (4) __________ and
aspirations, promote the common good, (5) __________
and develop our (6) __________, and secure to
ourselves and our (7) __________, the blessings of
independence and (8) __________ under the rule of law
and a regime of (9) __________, (10) __________, (11)
__________, (12) __________, (13) __________, and
(14) __________, do (15) __________ and promulgate
this Constitution.
WHAT IS POLITICAL SCIENCE?
The systematic study of the STATE and its
GOVERNMENT
Primarily concerned with the association of
beings into a body politic or a political
community
State vs. Government
Political = greek word polis; Science = latin
word scire

SCOPE
POLITICAL SCIENCE includes:

POLITICAL THEORY
PUBLIC LAW
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
FUNCTION AND IMPORTANCE
Discover the principles that should be
adhered to in public affairs and to study
the operations of government
Used by constitution makers, legislators,
executives and judges who need models
or norms that can be applied to immediate
situations
Deals with problems of social welfare,
economy, international cooperation and
other concerns of public officials and
citizens.
GOALS
Education for citizenship
Essential parts of liberal education
Knowledge and understanding of
government
WHAT IS A STATE?
Community of persons, more or less
numerous, permanently occupying a
definite portion of territory, having a
government of their own to which a great
body of inhabitants render obedience and
enjoying freedom from external control.
ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS
PEOPLE
INHABITANTS
TERRITORY
TERRESTRIAL, AERIAL, FLUVIAL,
MARITIME
GOVERNMENT
AGENT OF THE STATE
SOVEREIGNTY
INTERNAL vs. EXTERNAL

ORIGIN
DIVINE RIGHT THEORY
NECESSITY OR FORCE THEORY
PATERNALISTIC THEORY
SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY

STATE VS. NATION
STATE
political concept
not subject to external
control
single state made up
of several nations
NATION
ethnic concept
may or may not
subject to external
control
single nation made up
several states
PURPOSE AND NECESSITY OF GOVERNMENT
PURPOSE
necessary for the protection of society and its
members
the security of persons and property
administration of justice
preservation of state from external danger
dealings of the state with foreign powers
advancement of physical, social and cultural
well-being of the people


NECESSITY
without an organized government:
there will be anarchy and disorder
general feeling of fear and insecurity will prevail
progress and development will not be possible
values taken for granted


FORMS OF GOVERNMENT
As to number of persons exercising
authority
MONARCHY
ABSOLUTE vs. LIMITED
ARISTOCRACY
DEMOCRACY
DIRECT/PURE vs. INDIRECT/REPRESENTATIVE

As to relationship between executive and
legislative branches of government
PRESIDENTIAL
PARLIAMENTARY
As to extent of powers exercised by
central or national government
UNITARY
FEDERAL
WHAT IS CONSTITUTION?
refers to that body of rules and principles
in accordance with which the powers of
sovereignty and regularly exercised
NATURE AND PURPOSE
Serves as the supreme or fundamental
law
Establishes basic framewor and
underlying principles of government

WHAT IS CONSTITUTIONAL LAW?
branch of public law which treats of
constitutions, their nature, formation,
amendment and interpretation
KINDS OF CONSTITUTION
As to their form
written
unwritten
As to manner of amending them
rigid or inelastic
flexible or elastic
As to their origin and history
Conventional or enacted
Cumulative or evolved