What is a centrifugal pump?

Three basic
components:
Volute, casing, body
or Diffuser
Impeller
or impellers
Driver (motor)
Centrifugal Pumps
Pump Impeller
Vanes
Direction of
rotation
Centrifugal Pumps
Typical single suction impeller
Centrifugal Pumps
Single suction impeller
Centrifugal Pumps
Impeller Types
Open
Semi-open
Closed
- Single suction
- Double suction
Non-clogging
Axial flow
Mixed flow
Centrifugal Pumps
Full Diameter Impeller
Rotation
Impeller
Blades
V
t

V
r

V
s

V
r
= Radial Velocity
V
t
= Tangential Velocity
V
s
= Vector Sum Velocity
Centrifugal Pumps
Impeller and volute
Suction Eye
Cutwater
Arrows represent the
direction of water flow
Discharge
Nozzle
Centrifugal Pumps
End Suction Pump
Series 1510
26 sizes
To 4400 gpm
To 520 ft TDH
To 150 HP To 8x10
General Purpose
Motor
Centrifugal Pumps
Section View
Bell & Gossett
Series 1510
Standard Construction
Gauge
Taps
Centrifugal Pumps
Close-Coupled Pump
Series 1531 Pump

20 sizes
To 2600 gpm
To 520 ft TDH
To 60 HP
To 6x8
Special Purpose
Motor
Centrifugal Pumps
Large, Line Mounted Pump
Series 80
Close coupled
18 sizes
To 2600 gpm
To 410 ft TDH
To 60 HP
To 8x8
Special Purpose
Motor
Centrifugal Pumps
Multi-stage pumps
Bell & Gossett
Series 3550
Multi-stage, diffuser
design
8 sizes, stainless steel
to 600 gpm
to 1200 ft
to 75 hp, 3500 rpm
many options for suction
and discharge nozzles
Centrifugal Pumps
Multi-stage pump
Bell & Gossett
Series 3550
Diffusers
Centrifugal Pumps
Vertical Turbine
Submersible
48 Models
5 - 14 bowls
40 - 2000 gpm
25 - 300 feet head
Lineshaft
88 Models
5-20 bowls
4 Styles
20 - 10,000 gpm
7 - 200 feet head
Centrifugal Pumps
Double Suction Pump
Bell & Gossett
Series HSC

37 sizes
To 12500 gpm
To 840 ft TDH
To 1000 HP
To 14x18
General Purpose Motor
Centrifugal Pumps
Typical Split Case Pump- Section View
Centrifugal Pumps
Double Suction Pump
Series VSCS
Series VSC

17 sizes
To 8000 gpm
To 400 ft TDH
To 600 HP
To 12x14
General Purpose Motor
Centrifugal Pumps
VSC Pump- Section View
Centrifugal Pumps
Pump Construction
Standard construction, any impeller
Mechanical seal
Internally flushed, seal cavity
Variety of seal materials
Stuffing box construction, any impeller
External flush lines
Compression packing rings
Single flushed mechanical seal
Centrifugal Pumps
Standard construction
Bell & Gossett
Series 1510
Standard
Construction
Centrifugal Pumps
Seals
Shaft
Process
Fluid
Leakage
Environment
Vessel
Wall
Centrifugal Pumps
B&G Pump Construction
Standard construction, any impeller
Mechanical seal
Internally flushed, seal cavity
Variety of seal materials
Centrifugal Pumps
Ceramic Seal Insert
Graphite Seal Ring
Compression Ring
Impeller
Retainer (Sec Seal)
Gasket
Mechanical Seal
Rotary Assy
Stationary Assembly
Secondary Seal (Seal Bellows)
Centrifugal Pumps
Seal Cavity
Centrifugal Pumps
Standard construction
Bell & Gossett
Series 1510
Standard
Construction
Centrifugal Pumps
Limits On Seal Performance
Temperature of the flushing water.
225F to 250F
System pH.
7 to 9 for ceramic seals
up to 11 for tungsten carbide seals
Concentration of dissolved solids.
TDS less than 1000 ppm
Concentration of suspended solids.
Less than 20 ppm
Silica, less than 10 ppm
Centrifugal Pumps
Internally Flushed Mechanical Seals

Bell & Gossett
Series HSC
3

Standard
Construction
Centrifugal Pumps
Pump Construction
Stuffing box construction, any impeller
External flush lines
Internal or External Fluid
Compression packing rings
Single flushed mechanical seal
Centrifugal Pumps
Packing
Shaft
Process
Fluid
Leakage
Environment
Vessel
Wall
Centrifugal Pumps
Stuffing box with packing
Centrifugal Pumps
Packing Installation
Centrifugal Pumps
Bypass Flush Line
Bell & Gossett
Series HSC-S
Centrifugal Pumps
Liquid-Abrasives Separator
Centrifugal Pumps
Whats suitable?
Impeller
Single suction or double suction.
Volutes
Base mounted or in-line.
Internally flushed or stuffing box.
Single stage or multi stage.
Packing, seal or wet rotor.
Centrifugal Pumps
Angular Misalignment
Centrifugal Pumps
Parallel or Offset Misalignment
Centrifugal Pumps
Suction Piping Detail
5 dia.
1. Pipe supported
2. Length of suction
piping allows even
impeller loading
RIGHT WRONG
1. Pipe weight hangs
on pump flange.
2. Short suction pipe
results in uneven
impeller loading.
Centrifugal Pumps
Why 5 diameters?
Single Suction
Impeller
Centrifugal Pumps
Installation
Typical installation
Elbow Support
(Anchor to Base)
Solid Base Foundation
Flow
Pump Motor Hoist Beam
Trolley with Manual
Hook-Type Hoist
Triple Duty Valve
Suction Diffuser
Centrifugal Pumps
Vertical Turbine Pump
Driver
Discharge
Head
Column
Bowl
Assembly
Comments?
Questions?
Observations?