Instructional Systems Design

High Achievement Training

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Instructional Design


n Should be quick and fun task!
n Most essential part of Instructional design

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Timeline
n What Is Instructional Design?
n Instructional Systems Design (ISD)
n Extended ISD
n Creative Designing

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What Is Instructional Design?
n Instructional design is the Analysis, Design,
Development, Implementation, and Evaluation of
instructional materials (ADDIE)
n There is a standard design model called
Instructional Systems Design (ISD)
Developed by Dick and Cary (The Systematic
Design of Instruction -- 6th Edition, 2004)
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Terminology
n Learning
n Training
n Instruction
n Technology-Based Training
n e-Learning
n Learner-Based Training
n Web-Based Training (WBT)
n Blended Learning
n Learning 2.0
n Training Glossary (references)
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Why Use a Systematic Process?
n A systematic process is effective . . .
An effective way to develop training
Ensures an appropriate process
Flows from goals to objectives, to content, to
instructional strategies
Includes evaluations to insure that goals and
objectives are met
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Instructional Design (ID)
n The end-to-end process or methodology used to
create a learning program
n The document of a design for a specific program
n The major phases are summarized by the
acronym ADDIE
n Instructional Systems Design (ISD) is a
comprehensive model for instructional design
n There are other models and lots of theory
n A methodology is much better than a model
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ADDIE Model
Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
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Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
Needs Assessment
Project Plan
Goals

ADDIE Model
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Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
Audiences
Objectives
Task Analysis
Strategy
Prototypes
ADDIE Model
Needs Assessment
Project Plan
Goals

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Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
Outline Content
Select Delivery
Programming

ADDIE Model
Needs Assessment
Project Plan
Goals

Audiences
Objectives
Task Analysis
Strategy
Prototypes
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Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
Delivery
Integration
LMS
ADDIE Model
Needs Assessment
Project Plan
Goals

Audiences
Objectives
Task Analysis
Strategy
Prototypes
Outline Content
Select Delivery
Programming

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Analysis
Design
Development
Implementation
Evaluation
Evaluation Plan
Testing
Reviews
ADDIE Model
Needs Assessment
Project Plan
Goals

Audiences
Objectives
Task Analysis
Strategy
Prototypes
Outline Content
Select Delivery
Programming

Delivery
Integration
LMS
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Instructional Systems Design (ISD)
n Identify Goals
n Instructional Analysis
n Analyze Audiences
n Write Performance Objectives
n Develop Assessment Instruments
n Develop Instructional Strategy
n Develop and Select Instruction Materials
n Formative Evaluation of Instruction
n Revise Instruction
n Conduct Summative Evaluation
Source: Instructional Systems Design by Dick and Carey
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Instructional Systems Design
Conduct
Instructional
Analysis
Assess
Needs to
Identify
Goal(s)
Analyze
Learners
and
Contexts
Write
Performance
Objectives
Develop
Assessment
Instruments
Develop
Instructional
Strategy
Develop and
Select
Instructional
Materials
Design and
Conduct
Formative
Evaluation of
Instruction
Design and
Conduct
Summative
Evaluation
Revise
Instruction
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Extended ISD
What got left out:
n Preliminary planning
n Curricula that includes this course, module,
program
n Alternate performance interventions
n Multiple delivery methods (and triangulation)
ILT, e-Learning, Learning and Support Portal
n Follow-up

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Corporate Objectives (Goals)
. . . let's discuss one of the 10 steps . . .
n Goals are the purpose or objective of the
instruction. Usually stated in terms of
performance.
n Goal may be an New Initiative, a Problem, a
Performance Improvement Need, or Something
Else New
n May include detailed objectives.
n May be incomplete or unclear
n There may be Ad Hoc Needs
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Everything can change!

n Everything can change during the project!
n Plan on it! Get comfortable with it!
n Rapid application development (RAD) can
minimize problems with changes
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Iteration: Constant Review and Revision
Part of rapid application development
Plan on it! Get comfortable with it!
"One of the most important skills of a good
instructional designer is the ability to revise . . . .
Good instructional design requires constant
revision, elimination, and addition . . . . Your
program is not written in stone until the day it is
taught, and even then only for that day; you
should begin making revisions for the next class
based on what you learn in this one."
George Piskurich in Rapid Instructional Design
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Module Objectives

After completing this xxxx
module you will be able to:
Define
Describe
Explain
Install
Configure
Verify
Test
List
Use
Participate


Troubleshoot
Recognize
Manage
Understand
Take advantage of
Summarize

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Example Objective
When shown a model of our solar system,
students will be able to name all nine planets.
Audience = Students
Behavior = name all nine planets
Condition = when shown a model of our solar
system
Degree = ?
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Instructional Strategy
Pre-instructional activities, delivery methods,
sequence, etc.
Allocation of pre-work, homework, and post-work
careful with homework - it really is optional work in
most cases
Triangulation (blend of methods)
Distribute between "course" and "more
information"
Can/should reduce the amount of material
Possibles:
Creating a set of online resources
Simulations, videos
Online discussion groups
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Instructional Systems Design (continued)
ISD was created for instructor-led training
By university people and primarily for university
courses
Nothing wrong with the ISD model, but . . .
Nothing wrong in that context
Doesn't consider e-learning, LSPs, or blends
Doesn't include follow-up (e-mail, direct contact,
etc.)
Doesn't include curriculum review, iteration;
process could be improved
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Extended Instructional Systems Design
The High Performance Training Model
Include e-learning and learning and support
portals
Consider other performance improvement
interventions
Training may not be the best intervention
Design the course within a curriculum
One course or several, earlier courses, related
courses,
Delivery triangulation
Iteration is an important part of the process
Include follow-up and management
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e-Learning Instructional Design is Different
Have many more powerful learning elements
Modules tend to be short
Can use a multi-level presentation
Supports both shorter modules, and more
complete information
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The Extended ISD Model
+ Program Planning
Conduct Instructional Analysis
Analyze the Instructional Goal
Analyze Learners and Contexts
Write Performance Objectives
+ Design the course within a curriculum
Develop Instructional Strategy
Develop and Select Instruction Materials
+ Delivery Triangulation
+ Design e-learning elements including LSP
Formative Evaluation of Instruction
Revise Instruction
Develop Assessment Instruments
Conduct Evaluations
+ Design/Implement Follow-up Program
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Be Creative!
Think outside the box
Use creative methods
Brainstorm, mind maps
Want something different, fun, engaging
Think of alternative ways to present a topic
Graphic, metaphor, case study

Be open to ideas!
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ISD Criticism
"Too much theory"
Too academic, dense, not accessible
"It takes too long"
"It's too cumbersome"
"We don't do that here"
"We use ADDIE"
Discussion
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ISD Summary
ISD has proven to be a systematic, effective
model
. . . but needs to be extended for the HPT model
Instructional Design is an Iterative Process
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What's Next
Practice! Your Project
Use the resources
More study