PRESENTED BY:

SUMANT GARG
K.I.T.M Kurukshetra
The Cisco Certified Network
Associate certification is popular
certification course that covers
skills necessary to administer
Cisco devices on small or
medium-sized networks.
This certification is earned upon
passing the ICND1 640-822 and
ICND2 640-816 exams.
Examinees may take the exams
separately or the single 640-802
CCNA composite exam.
It requires good
understanding of topics like
Internetworking Basics,
Internet Protocol, IP
Routing, Switching, Virtual
LAN, Security, NAT, Cisco
Wireless Technologies,
IPV6 and WAN Protocols.
Devices Used
Project
overview
IP Addressing
Router and
Routing
Concept of
Cloud
Access Lists
NAT(Network
Address
Translation)
Switching
4
REMOTE
CONNECTIVITY
USING FRAME - RELAY

Class-full addressing
Class A(1-127)
Class B(128-191)
Class C(192-223)
Class D(224-239)
Class E(240-255)
Class-less addressing
CIDR(Classless Inter-Domain
Routing)
FLSM(Fixed Length Subnet Masking)
VLSM(Variable Length Subnet
Masking)
Data is sent in form of packets between 2 end devices
Routers are used to direct packet to its destination


It is the most easily
confused protocol
because rip like
protocols are many
on the internet.
It uses distance
vector algorithm
which mathematically
compares routes to
identify the best path
to be chosen for a
particular destination
address.
Rip sends routing
update messages at
regular interval of
time and also when
the network topology
changes.
The maximum hop
count for rip is 15
and the
Administrative
Distance (AD) is 120.
Router updates its
routing table to reflect
the new changes.

Command Commands purpose
Rtr(config)#router rip Enables RIP routing process
Rtr(config-router)#network Associates a network with a RIP routing process

Rtr#debug ip rip

used to view real time RIP routing updates
Rtr(config-router)#passive-interface fa0/0 Prevent RIP updates from going out an interface
Rtr#show ip protocols Used to display timers used by RIP
Frame Relay is packet-switched technology. Frame Relay
follows principle of packet-switched technology. Packet-
switched networks allow dynamically share the network
medium and the available bandwidth to the end to end
stations




ACLs are lists of conditions that are applied to
traffic traveling across a router's interface. These
lists tell the router what types of packets to accept
or deny. Acceptance and denial can be based on
specified conditions.
ACLs can be configured at the router to control
access to a network or subnet.
ACLs must be defined on a per-protocol, per
direction, or per port basis.
There are three types of ACLs
1. Standard
2. Extended
3. Named

1. Limit network traffic and increase network performance.
2. Provide traffic flow control.
3. Provide a basic level of security for network access.
4. Decide which types of traffic are forwarded or blocked at the
router interfaces. For example: Permit e-mail traffic to be routed, but
block all telnet traffic.
5. Allow an administrator to control what areas a client can access on
a network.
6. If ACLs are not configured on the router, all packets passing through
the router will be allowed onto all parts of the network.



NAT
Translates between local addresses and public ones
Many private hosts share few global addresses
Public Network
Uses public addresses

Public addresses are
globally unique
Private Network
Uses private address range
(local addresses)
Local addresses may not
be used externally
NAT: Network Address Translator

A network switch is a small hardware device that joins
multiple computers together within one Local Area
Network(LAN). Technically switches operate at Data-link
Layer. These are almost like HUBS. But unlike HUBS
network switches are capable of inspecting data as it is
recieved, determining the source and destination device
of each packet, and forwarding them appropriately.

VLAN provides Virtual Segmentation of Broadcast Domain in
the network. The devices, which are member of same Vlan,
are able to communicate with each other.
The devices of different Vlan may communicate with each
other with routing called Inter Vlan Communication.


With the help of VTP, we can simplify the process of creating
Vlan. In multiple switches, we can configure one switch as VTP
server and all other switches will be configured as VTP client.
We will create Vlans on VTP server switch.