COLLEGE OF AGRIBUSINESS MANAGEMENT

PANTNAGAR
 Indian Agriculture
 Agriculture Sector is changing the socio-economic
environments of the population due to
liberalization and globalization


 About 75% people are living in rural areas and are

still dependent on Agriculture. About 43% of
India’s geographical area is used for agricultural
activity


 Agriculture continues to play a major role in Indian

Economy
 Indian Agriculture
 Provides about 65 % of the
livelihood
 Accounts for 27 % of GDP
 Contributes 21 % of Total Exports ,
and Supplies Raw materials to
Industries
 Growth Rate in production - 5 . 7 %
 Food grains production – 211 . 17 mt
India’s position in world Agriculture
 RANK

 Total Area Seventh
 Irrigated Area First
 Population Second
 Economically Active population Second
 Total Cereals Third
 Wheat Second
 Rice Second
 Coarse grains Fourth
 Total Pulses First
 Oil Seeds Second
 Fruits and Vegetables Second
 Implements (Tractors) Third
 Milk First
 Live Stock (castles, Buffaloes) First


Geographic Information Systems (GIS)

GIS is a computer based information system used to digitally re

present and analyze the geographic features present on the Ear
th' surface and the events that taking place on it.

vProcess

vApplication

vToolbox

vDatabase
GIS can answer
Where is it?

What is at.….?

What has changed

since…?

What if…?

How does…?

Where will…?
Why GIS ?
 Soil map  Creation of field-level crop
 Soil salinity inventory
 Soil pH  Location of different mandi’s
 Canal and distributaries  Timely forecast on
network production
 Surface water bodies  Mapping of transportation
distribution (river, ponds network (highways,
and lakes) railway and other roads)
 Historical rainfall data  Additional information about
 Temperature fertilizers, seeds etc
 Rainfall
 Total precipitable water data

 Agricultural practices
(transplantation,
harvesting, tillering and
flowering dates)

SCOPE IN AGRICULTURE-
GIS
 Geographical area of each village
 Cultivable area
 Cultivated area
 Problem soil – salinity/ alkalinity
 Water logged area
 Cropping pattern
 Fertilizer use
 List of contact /Beneficiaries farmers
 Number of tube wells
 Irrigated area –Canal / Tube well
 No. of tractors/Implements- combine Harvestor,Zero till machine etc
 Field demonstration
 Soil Conservation works ( Location based)
 Any other information




Main phases in the agriculture
sector
Crop cultivation
Pre-cultivation and harvesting
Land
Crop preparation
selection
Sowing

Land Input
selection management

Water management

Fertilizatio
n
Pest
management
 BENEFITS IN USE OF

GIS
 Optimized crop production planning
 Easier crop site selection
 An accurate and elaborate database
 Ease in selecting development sites
 Ease in irrigation area selection and
planning

Land Suitability Evaluation using GIS and Remote Sensing 10

Application of GIS in Agriculture
GIS Data: Spatial and
Attribute
GIS Integrates All Types of
Data
 PRECISION FARMING

Precision Farming (PF) is defined as the application of technologies and

principles to manage spatial and temporal variability associated with
all aspects of agricultural production.
Components of precision farming
GIS analysis for assessment of
fertilizer requirement
Chengam

Sathanur Reservoir
 LIMITATIONS / WEAKNESSES
 Data availability
 Data capture / Data lineage / history
inconclusiveness.
 Datasets incompatibility.
 Model Limitations (e.g. approximation
of rainfall)


Land Suitability Evaluation using GIS and Remote Sensing 19

 Geographic analysis ­ what? & why?
Geographic analysis facilitates the study of real­ world processes by developing and
applying models. Such models illuminate the underlying trends in geographic data
and thus make new information available.

Database Query 
Information Systems Requirement in
Agriculture
GIS/RS based Systems:


 Soil and Land use

 Watershed developments
 Disaster management
 Cropping systems
 Agriculture Resources Information
 Organic farming (bio-fertilisers)
 Crop weather watch