3D Printing

.
Printing process
Printing is a process for
reproducing text and
images, typically with
ink on paper using a
print press.
GUTTENBERGS PRINTING
PRESS.
INVENTED IN 15
TH
CENTURY
USED MOULDS MADE OF
BRASS
Invention of first printing
machine
FIRST PRINTING MACHINE WAS INVENTED BY JOHANNES
GENSFLEISH IN 1803.
THIS SUPERSEDED THE COST AND SLOW PRODUCTION.
Subtractive
Manufacturing
Creates a product by removing sections from a block of material.
Generates waste through the excess material that is removed.
Limited design capabilities.
Computerized Numerical
Control (CNC) Machining
A method of
Subtractive
Manufacturing that
removes sections from
a block of material by
cutting or drilling the
excess material away.
Additive Manufacturing
Creates a product
through adding
materials to the object.
Adds material layer by
layer until printing is
finished.
Allows for complex and
intricate designs.

3D Printing
A method of Additive Manufacturing that adds material to an
object layer by layer to create the final product.

3D printing
Imagine a near future in which a device connected
to your desktop prints a SOLID OBJECT!!!!!!
We can have tangible goods and intangible
services delivered over the INTERNET.
Different methods
Selective laser
sintering (SLS)
Stereolithography
Fused deposition
modeling (FDM)
Laminated object
manufacturing
SLS method
Selective laser sintering
(SLS) is an additive
manufacturing technique
that uses a high power laser
(for example, a carbon
dioxide laser) to fuse small
particles of plastic, metal
(direct metal laser
sintering),ceramic or glass
powders into a mass that
has a desired 3-dimensional
shape
STEREOLITHOGRAPHY
Stereolithography
is an additive
manufacturing
process using a
vat of liquid UV-
curable
photopolymer resi
n and a UV laser
to build parts a
layer at a time.
STEREOLITHOGRAPHY
(contd).
CAD (Computer Assisted
Design) Programs help users
create STL Files for the 3D
Printers to read.
STL (STereoLithography) file
format a file format which
uses many little triangles to
make a 3 dimensional plot of
the objects intended surface.
FDM
Fused deposition
modeling (FDM) is an
additive manufacturing
technology commonly
used for modeling,
prototyping, and
production applications
Laminated object
manufacturing
Laminated object
manufacturing (LOM)
is a rapid prototyping
system developed by
Helisys Inc. In it, layers
of adhesive-coated
paper, plastic or metal
laminates are
successively glued
together and cut to
shape with a knife or
laser cutter.
Equipment types
Dimension 3D printer
Specification of uPrint
Build
Envelope
Size &
Weight
Layer
Thickness
Modeling
Material
Support
Material
Price
203 x 152
x 152
mm(8 x 6
x 6 in)
635 x 660
x 787
mm(25 x
26 x 31
in)76 kg
(168
lbs)(with
one
material
bay)
.254 mm
(.010 in)
ABSplus
in ivory
only.
Soluble
only
$14,900
(11.900)
What is ABSplus?
ABSplus is a production-grade thermoplastic that
gives models the ability to perform just like
production parts in real-world functional testing.
Technique
The PRINTING CYCLE
a) Preparation :
Once you click 3D print from Z-print , the printer
initiates the pre build routine.
First it warms the air inside the printer and creates
optimum operating environment.
At the same time , it fills the Build Chamber with 1/8
th

inch layer powder ( so that finished parts rest on it).
The PRINTING CYCLE
b) Printing :
Once the pre-build is complete , the printer begins
printing the layers created in the Z-print software.
The machine deposits 0.1mm thick layer of powder
from the Hopper.
The Print Carriage then moves across this layer
depositing the binder.

The PRINTING CYCLE
The binder solidifies the powder in that cross
section of the model.
The piston below the Build Carriage lowers the
powdered bed by 0.1mm , preparing the next
layer.
The process repeats until the model is complete
The PRINTING CYCLE
c) Depowdering/Recycling :
When finished the model, it is suspended in the powder to
cure.
At the end of curing time , the machine then automatically
removes most of the powder around the model by vaccum
pressure.
The loose powder is pneumatically conveyed through the
system for reuse.

3D Printing : The Chemical
Process
A platform which serves as the base of the object is submerged into
a vat of polymers.
UV light cures and hardens these polymers with each pass over the
object.
Once a pass is finished, the platform lowers slightly into the vat,
allowing more uncured polymers to cover the object.
Applications of 3D
Printing
Prototyping
Modeling
Custom parts
Design
Research
3D Printing and
Sustainability
3D printing with non
harmful chemicals.
3D printing generates
almost no waste during
manufacturing, and
does not require
lubricants.
3D Printing can be
used to create
replacement parts.
SUCCESS stories
3D printed Jaw
Challenges Facing 3D
Printing
Intellectual property
rights of the 3D Printer
users.
Nearly anything can be
printed by 3D Printers
and this is a troubling
prospect if criminals
use 3D Printers to
create illegal products.
In Conclusion
3D printing is an
expanding technology
which may soon start
an industry in which
everyone has the
possibility of being a
manufacturer.
3D printing has a lot of
possible benefits to
society, although the
products created must
be regulated.
References
http://en.wikipedia.org/
wiki/3D_computer_grap
hics
.com
.com