Reinforcement of concrete with carbon

nano fiber which is reinforced by

aluminum alloy nano composites by a
liquid process to control surface cracks

Presented By:
Ravi Ranjan Kumar (14-22-221)
Nayanjyoti Das (14-22-220)
Vivek Mishra (14-22-211)
Golak B.Mahanta (14-22-212)

M.Tech-(D&M), 1
st
Sem,


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PRESENTATION OUTLINE:

1.INTRODUCTION
2.COMPOSITE C.N.F
3.METHOD TO PREPARE C.N.F COMPOSITE
4.BENIFITS OF CNF WITH CONCRETE
5.CONCLUSION
6.REFERENCES






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INTRODUCTION:

Carbon nanofibre are cylindric nanostructure with gaphene
layers arranged as stacked cones.


PROPERTIES OF CNF
High Aspect Ratio (L/D) Rate
Electrically Conductive
Thermally Conductive


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APPLICATIONS

Field electron emission sources
Composite materials.
Carrier material for various catalysts in petro chemistry
Oil spill remediation
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COMPOSITE OF C.N.F

1.POLYMER BASED COMPOSITES.
CNFs have widely been used in a range of different polymers such
as polypropylene , polyethylene, polycarbonate , poly
(methyl methacrylate), nylon , epoxy , polyacrylonitrile
, poly (ether ether ketone)


2. CNF REINFORCED METAL MATRIX COMPOSITES

Al reinforced CNF,CU reinforced CNF

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WHY COMPOSITE NECESSARY?


high elastic moduli.
high mechanical strengths.
outstanding electrical conductivities, which can
improve the mechanical and physical properties of
automobiles, aircrafts, and fuel cells .
Especially, in the automobile industry, to reduce the
CO
2
emission and improve the combustion efficiency
of fuel gas, lightweight components have become
essential. In this respect, aluminum (Al) alloys with
high specific strength has received much attention
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METHOD TO PREPARE C.N.F COMPOSITE
POWDER METALLURGY
well dispersed composites could be obtained.
the effects of CNFs as reinforcement fillers is good

DIFFICULTIES:
not easy to apply to large scale production.
cost is higher.
LIQUID PROCESS:
simple, Cheap.
can also be used to fabricate large scale composite.
DIFFICULTIES:
poor wetting of molten Al on CNFs.
floating of CNFs (=2.0) on the surface of the Al melt (= 2.4).
rapid oxidation of CNFs at temperatures higher than 650C
difficulty in direct injection of CNFs into the Al melt.







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EXPERIMENTAL PROCEDURE TO CHECK WETTABILITY



















To enhance the wettability of Al melt on CNFs ,CU is used.
sessile drop test is used to see the wetting behavior .
Cu coated on the graphite plate using electroless plating(thickness=23m).
A1050 aluminum alloy(99.5% Al) was used as a liquid drop material.













Fig. 1.Schematic diagram of the device for the sessile drop test
source: Fabrication of carbon nano-fiber reinforced aluminum alloy nano-composites by a
liquid process-july 2012


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a
b
c
Fig 2:Captured images showing the un-wetted Al droplet on the bare graphite substrate (a and b)
c:wetted Al droplet on the Cu-coated graphite substrate .
Source:Fabrication of carbon nanofiber reinforced aluminum alloy nanocomposites by a liquid process-july
2012
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Vapor grown carbon nanofibers(dia=120150 nm) prepared by CCVD and
used as a reinforcement material.

Prior to electro less plating of Cu on the CNFs.

CNFs cut by vibration milling for 5 min to decrease the agglomeration and
the aspect ratio(L/D) of the CNF.

uniformly dispersed in distilled water using poly carbon acid amine of a
highly polymerized compound as the dispersion agent.

The dispersed CNFs were sensitized and activated in SnCl2and PdCl2
solutions for 7 min, respectively, at room temperature, in which the solutions
were
agitated by an impeller.
METHOD TO MANUFACTURE REINFORCED AL CNF
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the pre-treated CNFs were filtered and washed sufficiently using
distilled water.

Cu layer was deposited on the surface of the pre-treated CNFs in
CuSO4solutions for 3 min at 45
0
C.

After deposition of Cu on the CNFs, the Cu-coated CNFs were
mixed with pure Al powders using an impeller in ethanol, and dried
in a vacuum oven.

From the dried mixed powder of 5 wt.% CNF and 95 wt.% Al,
button-shaped feedstock's of 20 mm in diameter and 15 mm in
height were fabricated by vacuum hot pressing at 560
0
C with a
pressure of 25 MPa.
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BENEFITS OF CNF WITH CONCRETE

Nano alumina improves mechanical properties- compressive and tensile strength.

Nano alumina significantly increase modulus of elasticity.

Nano particles decreases the water absorption and chloride penetration.

increases the durability of concrete.

Nano alumina particles blended concrete has higher compressive strength compared
to that of concrete without nano alumina particles.














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Fig no.3-Strength loss of specimens containing nano-alumina.
SOURCE:Effect of nano-particles on durability of fiber-reinforced concrete pavement-
Niloofar Salemi , Kiachehr Behfarnia-JULY 2013
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CONCLUSION
The mixture of the nano fiber with concrete result in the high bondage between
the concrete molecules and due to the chemical stability of the the cement with
the nano fiber give rise to the high strength at the surface. As discussed earlier
the the Al react internally with cement give rise to the formation of a gel which fill
the internal air voids in the mixture and also increase the internal strengthen
freezing and thawing harsh condition too and eliminate the crack up to a greater
extend as shown below.
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REFERENCES:
1. Review of the mechanical properties of carbon nanober/polymer composites
Mohammed H. Al-Saleh Uttandaraman Sundararaj.
2. Preparation and properties of composition-controlled carbon
nanober/phenolic nanocomposites
3. Niu H, Zhang J, Xie Z, Wang X, Lin T. Preparation, structure and
supercapacitance of bonded carbon nanober electrode materials. Carbon
2011;49(7):23808.
4. Thostenson ET, Zhifeng R, Chou TW. Comp Sci Technol 2001;61:1899-1912

5. Effects of CNF dispersion on mechanical properties of CNF reinforced
A7xxx nanocomposites-Jun-Young Lim
a, c
, Se-Il Oh
a, c
, Yu-Chan
Kim
b
, Kwang- Koo Jee
c
, Yun-Mo Sung
a
,
Jun Hyun Han
d
6.http://www.umweltbundesamt.at/fileadmin/site/umweltthemen/chemikalien/Nan
o/Mauthner_Carbon_nanofiber_composites.pdf
7 . http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Carbon_nanofiber
8 . http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/materials-science/nanomaterials/carbon-
nanofibers.html

THANK YOU.
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