BAMBOO

CONSTRUCTION
&
TECHNIQUES
CONTENTS
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Introduction
Resources in India
Why use bamboo?
Cost effective material
Construction techniques: joints in bamboo
How construction goes ?
Construction In India
Bamboo building system
Bamboo - preservative treatment
Advantages and disadvantages
Examples in India
Conclusion
1
INTRODUCTION
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Bamboo has been used for long and well
established tradition for being used as a
construction material throughout the
tropical and sub-tropical regions of the
world.
With the rising global concern, bamboo is
a critical resource as it is very efficient in
sequestering carbon and helps in
reduction of Green House gas emissions.
In the modern context when forest cover
is fast depleting and availability of wood is
increasingly becoming scarce, the
research and development undertaken
have established and demonstrated that
bamboo could be a viable substitute of
wood
Its use through industrial processing have
shown a high potential for production of
composite materials and components
which are cost-effective and can be
successfully utilized for structural and non-
structural applications in construction of
housing and buildings
Source : Bamboo material for cost effective and disaster resistant housing
2
http://www.tn.gov.in/tsunami/digit
allibrary/ebooks-
web/36%20Bamboo_%20A_%20Ma
terial_%20For_%20Cost_%20eff.pdf
Above all bamboo is renewable
raw material resource and if
properly treated and industrially
processed, components made
by bamboo can have a
reasonable life of 30 to 40 years.

Natural durability of bamboo
varies according to species and
the types of treatments.

Varied uses and applications in
building construction have
established bamboo as an
environment-friendly, energy-
efficient and cost-effective
construction material.

INTRODUCTION
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source: Bamboo A Material For Cost Effective And Disaster Resistant Housing, BMTPC
3
With the rising need of housing, buildings and roads the country requires a
variety of alternate building materials and construction systems and
advancements in bamboo technology offer several cost effective and
environment friendly options.
Major bamboo growing Regions / states
Area
( % )
North East 28.0
Madhya Pradesh 20.3
Maharashtra 9.9
Orissa 8.7
Andhra Pradesh 7.4
Karnataka 5.5
Other States 20.2
(Kerala, UP, Jharkhand,
West Bengal)
BAMBOO RESOURCES IN INDIA
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
4
Source: BMTPC
Bamboo is available readily in most part of the globe as a vernacular
material.

Bamboo grows very quickly and within 6 to 8 years we can get a
matured harvest of bamboo.

Bamboo stands release 35% more oxygen than equivalent stands of
trees.

Some bamboo even sequester up to 12 tons of carbon dioxide from
the air per hectare.

Bamboo can also lower light intensity and protects against ultraviolet
rays.

It is very easy, affordable, and profitable for low income communities
to grow and use bamboo.
5
WHY USE BAMBOO?


Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source: BMTPC
Bamboo is one of the strongest building materials, tensile strength
is 28,000 pounds per square inch versus 23,000 pounds per square
inch for steel.

Diverse species makes bamboo adaptable to many
environments.

It can be harvested in 3-5 years versus 10-20 years for most
softwoods and hard woods.

Bamboo tolerates extremes of precipitation, from 30-250 inches
of annual rainfall.
6
WHY USE BAMBOO?


Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source: http://civil-resources.blogspot.com/2010/06/use-of-bamboo-as-construction-material.html

Characteristics affecting usefulness of bamboo as construction
material

- the strength of bamboo culms/stem
- their straightness
- lightness combined with hardeners

with good physical and mechanical properties, low shrinkage and
average density, it is well suited to replace wood in several
applications
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
9
BAMBOO AS COST EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
Source: Bamboo A material for cost effective and disaster resistant housing

Major Uses of Bamboo in Construction

Scaffolding
Reinforcement
Roofing
Walling
Doors & Windows
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
10
BAMBOO AS COST EFFECTIVE CONSTRUCTION MATERIAL
Source: Bamboo A material for cost effective and disaster resistant housing

11
TRADITIONAL JOINTING PRACTICES

Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source: BMTPC
Mild steel bolts.
M. S. Wire and pins
Plywood and gussets
Glued plywood/wood inserts
12
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
MODERN JOINTING PRACTICES


Source: BMTPC
BAMBOO AS TRUSSES
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
13
Source: BMTPC
HOW CONSTRUCTION GOES
14
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
14
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
14
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
14
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
14
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
14
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
14
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
14
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
14
Source : http://www.staff.city.ac.uk/earthquakes/Bamboo/Bamboo.htm#Fifth%20link
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
14
DEMONSTRATION IN INDIA
Salient Features of the Structures
Bamboo posts
Bamboo grid ferrocement walls
Bamboo trusses and purlins
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Construction of demonstration structures using bamboo materials in Mizoram and Tripura
15
Source : BMTPC
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Construction of Demonstration Structure using Bamboo based Technologies in
Shillong
Source : BMTPC
16
DEMONSTRATION IN INDIA
Two bedroom bamboo house constructed at IPIRTI (Indian Plywood Industries
Research and Training Institute) , Bangalore
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : BMTPC
17
DEMONSTRATION IN INDIA
Construction of Demonstration School Building using Bamboo based Technologies
at Mizoram
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : BMTPC
18
DEMONSTRATION IN INDIA
Wall in fill : non-load-bearing, comprising a
grid of split bamboo covered in wire mesh and
cement mortar
Roof structure: Bamboo rafters or trusses
supporting bamboo purlins
20
BAMBOO BUILDING SYSTEM

Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : BMTPC
To date, a prototype building system has
been developed comprising
Foundations : individual column footings
Columns : bamboo culms set in (or on)
concrete footings
Floor : raised by two or three brick
courses, filled with rubble.
21
BAMBOO BUILDING SYSTEM

Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : BMTPC
Roof covering: corrugated bamboo mat
board

Doors and windows: frames of timber
with bamboo mat board infill panels.
22
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : BMTPC
BAMBOO BUILDING SYSTEM

Treated bamboo columns 75-100 mm diameter spaced at 1.2 m interval and set in cement
concrete footing
FOUNDATION OF STONE MASONRY AND
BASEMENT OF CEMENTCONCRETE BLOCKS
GRID PREPARATION
23
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : BMTPC
BAMBOO HOUSE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
Plastering
FIXING OF TRUSS FLOORING FIXING OF PURLINS
24
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : BMTPC
BAMBOO HOUSE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
Fixing of BMCS (Bamboo mat corrugated sheets)
INNER VIEW OF HOUSE FINISHED HOUSE
25
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : BMTPC
BAMBOO HOUSE CONSTRUCTION TECHNIQUES
CONSTRUCTION
IN
INDIA
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Name Of Project: Bamboo Symphony by Mansaram Architects
Location: Bangalore, India
Built -Up Area: 210.00 m
2
Category: Office Building
Bamboo Symphony is shortlisted for the world architecture festival award 2011
Source : http://www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/9/view/16270/manasaram-architects-bamboo-symphony.html
CONSTRUCTION IN INDIA

Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
N
Towards entrance
lobby
Entrance
Reception and kiosk
Circulation
Boardroom
Studio
Principals office
Pond
BAMBOO SYMPHONY

Source : http://www.designboom.com/weblog/cat/9/view/16270/manasaram-architects-bamboo-symphony.html
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Didi Contractor is a self-taught
architect based in the Kangra
Valley, Himachal since 1978.

An artist by training and inclination,
Didi always had a penchant for
designing built spaces.

Her current work utilizes mud from
the site to make sun-dried bricks
(adobe) and is very concerned
with making a minimum ecological
dent.

Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : Down To Earth By Joginder Singh
DIDI CONTRACTORS WORKS



She makes every effort to select building materials that consume the lowest
possible energy in their production.

Being based in a seismic zone Didi has also incorporated details to ensure structural
safety.
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : Down To Earth By Joginder Singh
ELEMENTS OF DIDIS DESIGN



Landscape features are taken into
consideration during the evolution of the
design with the latter being fine-tuned in the
numerous visits to the site. This leads to a
building with spaces organized at various
levels inside
The entrance porch is created with
stacked stone with a part of the wall
broadened at the base to form a
seat. Slate moves up one level
and becomes the surface of the
seat. Stacked stone masonry is one
of the elements of the
Himachal vernacular.
Walls are constructed out of Adobe
(sun dried mud bricks of size 6x12x3
inches) created at site from earth
harvested during excavation. Wall
thickness is generally 18 inch wide
and the wall is plastered in mud that
has organic fiber additives to ensure
that the plaster does not crack.
Pulped waste paper can also
be used to provide the fiber
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
Source : Down To Earth By Joginder Singh
DIDI CONTRACTORS WORKS



In a large-scale project, Didi uses a
combination of mud brick, burnt brick, stone
and bamboo. She ensures structural safety
while working towards reducing the
carbon footprint of the building
fast growing natural material

sequestering of CO2

available in large amounts (countries of
origin)

high mechanical strength

high flexibility (earthquake-proof)

inexpensive and sustainable

development of new areas of application
for bamboo in the building industry

innovative application for representative
buildings with high span widths

Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
ADVANTAGES OF BAMBOO

Source :Bamboo as a Building Material
Bamboo does not lend itself to being painted because of its natural waxy
coating.
Excessive dying or bleaching of bamboo may diminish its structural
integrity.
Bamboo is prone to insect invasion, especially when not treated properly
after harvest. Hazardous pesticides are used on some bamboo, including
DDT.
Untreated bamboo is prone to breaking down if it comes in contact with
excess moisture.
Bamboo that has been harvested prematurely cannot bear as much
weight as its more mature counterparts.
Designing and constructing with bamboo requires a special skill set that
the average contractor may not possess.

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Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
DISADVANTAGES OF BAMBOO

Source :Bamboo as a Building Material
It is economical and helps achieve cost effective construction.

Bamboo is a fast growing species and it is a renewable resource which
can be cultivated in most types of soil.

The designs of the components being simple, there is no need of highly
skilled labour.

The dependency on the natural forests for wood will be reduced thus
contributing to the protection of the environment.

As it can grow in many types of soil, bamboo cultivation is suitable for
rehabilitation of degraded forests and other waste lands thus
converting them into fertile lands to some extent.



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Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques
CONCLUSION

THANK YOU
Bamboo
Construction &
Techniques