ENVIRONMENTAL RISK ASSESSMENT DUE TO INDUSTRIAL

POLLUTION AMONG THE DEWELLERS OF SMALL

INDUSTRIAL ESTAT, ABBOTTABAD, PAKISTAN.

PROPOSAL FOR THE FINAL DISSERTATION

DR. HAMMAD HABIB
Roll no. 07, MSPH – 2009
 INTRODUCTION
• Industrial waste is waste generated by
factories and industrial plants.
• Industrial wastes can be hazardous or
radioactive wastes and they can cause
water and noise pollution. 1
• Mostly hazardous waste is inadequately
disposed of. Infiltration permits its
transport into ground water supplies.1
 INTRODUCTION CONT . . .

• There is no single means of managing

industrial wastes because the nature of
the wastes varies widely from one industry
to another.
• Various methods of solid waste
management include sanitary landfill,
recycling, composting, waste to energy
method, incinerators, etc. 3
 INTRO CONT . . .
• An ancient Chinese proverb:
“A picture is worth more than 10,000 words”
applies to GIS.
• Geographic information systems (GIS) is a
computer-aided database management and
mapping technology that organizes and stores
large amounts of multi-purpose information.
• GIS can be used for mapping population at risk
and planning and targeting of the interventions
accordingly.5
 LITERATURE REVIEW
• the number of industrial estates has increased to
72
• Sindh contains the largest number of industrial
estates (24),
• Punjab has 20 industrial estates 15 in NWFP, 10
in Baluchistan and 3 in Islamabad.
• Total number of registered industries in Pakistan
is estimated to be 6634 out of which 1278 are
considered highly toxic. 6
• In Pakistan, only 3 percent of the total industrial
units treat their wastes while the rest discharges
untreated effluent into rivers, lakes and sea
CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
Engage stakeholders, Risk communication
& community consultation

Industrial Wastes

Hazard Assessment Community exposure

& Identification assessment

GIS Mapping

Risk characterization

Risk management
 RATIONALE:
• Literature supports the health risk to the
community associated with hazardous /
industrial wastes
• No study has so far been conduced on the
industrial waste management at small
industrial estate Abbottabad
• This study will help in the exploring of the
“iceberg” involved with the industrial
pollution
 AMC

SIE

Source: Health mapper Source: Google earth

• Aim of the study:
– Overall improvement in the industrial waste
management in different industries of
Pakistan

• Objective:
– To determine risk posed to the community
due to management of industrial waste at
small industrial estate Abbottabad.
– To describe the environmental risk through
GIS at small industrial estate Abbottabad.
 MATERIAL AND METHODS

• STUDY SITE:
– Small Industrial Estate Abbottabad is located
in the Abbottabad city
– Major industries (24 in no.) include the
marble, sugar and food, ceramics, shoes and
chapel making, vegetable oil and ghee etc
– It is adjacent to Ayub medical complex
hospital and in surroundings there are many
schools as well.
• Study design:
– Cross Sectional Descriptive Study
• Duration:
– Three (03) months from 1st April 2010 to 30th June 2010
• Study population:
– Industries at small industrial estate Abbottabad and the
people within the surroundings of the industrial estate
• Sampling technique:
– Purposive (non-probability) type of sampling will be done
for selection of about ten (10) of the industries.
– Systematic random sampling will be done to select
community members.
– Simple random sampling for the water tests.
• Sample size

– All the industries in the area will be included in the

study around 24 in number.

– Also the people living in an area of 1 km near to the

industrial estate will be included in the study.
– Since prevalence of the issue is not known, the sample
size is calculated by taking prevalence to be 50% and
by applying formula p(1-p)/e2, it turns out to be 100.
Thus 110 people will be included in the study.
• Sample recruitment:
(Inclusion & exclusion criteria)
– All the industries within the specified area and
who agree for participation in the study will be
included in the study.
– Also the people living in an area of 1 km near
to the industrial estate will be interviewed
using the questionnaire.
– Those refusing to participate will be excluded
from the study
 Instruments
• Health impact assessment tool will be
used which is pre-tested.
• GIS / Health maper will be used for
mapping the area.
• GPS device etc.
• A semi – structured questionnaire.
• Laboratory tests for quality of water
 DATA COLLECTION
• Will be done by a team lead by the
principal researcher himself
• The team will be of three persons who will
be preferably graduate and familiar with
the local language and culture
 ETHICAL CONSIDERATIONS
• Study approval will be taken from Institutional
Review board Health Services Academy.
• Approval will be taken from public health officer,
DCO and other concerned authorities.
• Rights of the respondents will be considered and
an informed consent will be taken prior to the
interview.
• Respondents will be informed about the benefits
of this study.
• They will also be told that if they do not want to
participate in it, their own will and the information
collected will be kept confidential as well as their
identity and names.
 DATA ANALYSIS PLAN

• Health mapper for GIS mapping

• SPSS version 17 will be used
• Figures, graphs and tables
• Frequencies & proportions
• Mean, standard deviations will be
calculated
 Table 1: Waste production by type of factory

Type of industry Waste Produced

Hazardous Non - hazardous Others

Marble factory

Garments

Shoe factory

Ceramics

Oil & ghee

Paper factory

Cloth
Table 3: Distance of industry from the community:

Type of industry Distance from the nearest house

< 100 meters >100 meters
Marble factory

Garments

Shoe factory

Ceramics

Paper factory

Cloth
 QUESTIONNAIRE
• Distance of the factory from the community
• Type of the waste material produced
• Type of waste drainage pathway
• Length of waste drainage pathway
• Drainage of the waste pathway
• Disposal site
• Source of drinking water
• Depth of the source of water
• Duration of the factory in the area
 WORK PLAN
Tasks to be Person Responsible WEEKS
performed
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

Proposal writing Principal researcher

Questionnaire Principal researcher

development
Field testing Principal researcher

Data collection Data collection

team
Data entry Principal researcher

Data analysis Principal researcher

Report writing Principal researcher

Submission of Principal researcher

dissertation
 REFERENCES
• Industrial Pollution. [Online]. 2006 [cited 2009 Dec 10 on
15:20].Available
from:URL:http://www.apotokyo.org/gp/e_publi/penang_symp/Pen
ang_Symp_P159-166.pdf.
• Ali, K., Javid, M.A., Javid, M., 1996. Pollution and Industrial
Waste. 6th National Congress Soil Sci., Lahore, p.122-131.
• Solid waste and pollution – Silent killers by. Sohail Raza Dodhy,
Copyright 2007 Ptj.com.pk
• Mufti, S.A., Woods, C.A., Hasan, S.A. Biodiversity of Pakistan.
Pakistan Museum Natural History, Islamabad. 1997.
• WHO. GIS Maping. [Online]. 2009 [cited 2009 Dec 11 on
10:40].Available
from:URL:http://www.who.int/health_mapping/about/en/
• F L R Williams, S A Ogston. Identifying populations at risk from
environmental contamination from point sources. Occup Environ
Med 2002;59:2–8
• Mufti, S.A., Woods, C.A., Hasan, S.A., 1997. Biodiversity of
Pakistan. Pakistan Museum Natural History, Islamabad
• J Zhejiang Univ SCIENCE B. Industries and environment. 2006
7(12):974-980
 THANKS

QUESTIONS ? ? ? ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS