Values & Beliefs

Sri Warsini, S.Kep.,Ns.,MKes

Values
Are freely chosen, enduring beliefs or
attitudes about the worth of a person,
object, idea or action
Values are significant in choice making
(Saladay & McDonnell 1989, p 544)
Contd
Freedom, courage, family, and dignity are
example of values
Values is basic for forming behavior
A persons real values are shown by
consistent patterns of behavior
Once we aware of our values, they
become an internal control for behavior
Values and Norms
Values are related to the norms
Norms are more general and abstract
Norms are rules for behavior in specific
situations, while values identify what
should be judged as good or bad
Flying the national flag on holiday is a
norm, it reflects value of patriotism
Wearing dark clothing are normative
behavior at a funeral, it reflects the values
of respect of other
Value system
is the organization of a persons values
along a continuum of relative importance
Values underlie purposive behavior which
refers to actions that are performed on
purpose with the intention of reaching
some goal

Purposive behavior is based on a persons
decisions or choices, and these decisions
or choices are based on underlying values
Personal values reflect experiences and a
persons intelligence
Value set
Each persons; nurse, client and physician
has a personal set of values
A value set is the group of values a person
holds
Individuals incorporate personal values
into their lives as a result of observing the
behavior and attitudes of parents and
teachers and interacting with their
cultural, religion, and social environment
Type of Values
Intrinsic
Extrinsic
Positif
Negatif
VALUES
Intrinsic Values
Relates to the maintenance of life
Extrinsic Values
Originates outside the individual and is not
necessary for the maintenance of life
Ex/ Holism, and humanism
Positive Values
Is a view of what is desirable or how
something should be
Ex: Nurses value such as caring
Negative Values
Is a view of what is undesirable or how
something should not be
Ex: Talking unkindly about clients is
considered by many nurses to be
undesirable. Therefore, being unkind to
clients is a negative value

Types of Values
1. Religious: obtains strength from religious
beliefs
2. Theoretical : Holds truth, rationality, and
empiricism in high esteem
3. Political : Values power
4. Economic: Values usefulness and practicality
5. Aesthetic: Values beauty, and harmony
6. Social : Values human interactions is kind,
sympathetic, and unselfish
Values Transmission

The origin of a persons values are culture
society, institutions, and personality
Values are learned through observation &
experiences
Acquiring values is a gradual process,
usually occurring at an unconscious level
Personal values
Some values which derive from the society in
which they live and internalize them
Societal values need to feel accepted, but
personal values to individualize themselves
Societal values : individual right, autonomy,
democracy, equal opportunity, education,
friendship, family
Personal values : self-worth, religion,
independence, honesty, love, sense of humor
Professional values
Often a reflection and expansion of
personal values
Acquired during socialization into nursing
from codes ethics, nursing experiences,
teachers and peers
Nursing values relate to competence and
compassion
Four important values of Nursing
(Watson, 1981)
1. Strong commitment to service
2. Belief in the dignity and worth of each
person
3. Commitment to education
4. Autonomy
Beliefs
Are interpretation or conclusions that we
accept as true (Chaffee 1990, p.187)
Based more on faith than on fact and may
or may not true