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If it were left on me to decide whether we
should have a government without
newspapers or newspapers without a
government, I should not hesitate a moment
to prefer the latter.
- Thomas Jefferson
ARTICLE 19
Article 19(1)(a) of
our constitution
states that:
All citizens shall
have the right to
freedom of speech
and expressions.
Article 19(2)
states that:
reasonable
restrictions are
provided on
freedom of
expression
Medias Role In Democracy
Media plays a crucial role in developing a healthy
democracy
Role of media in society can be divided into 3 parts:
informer
watchdog

Public
opinion
LAWS RELATED TO
MEDIA
PRINT
MEDIA
Gagging act,1867
The Press and Registration of
Books Act, 1867
Delivery of books and
newspapers(public opinion)
act,1954
Press Council Act, 1978
BROADCAST
FILM
ADVERTISING
The broadcasting
code

Cable Television
Networks
(Regulation) Act,
1995

Direct-to-Home
Broadcasting
The
Cinematograph
Act, 1952

The Copyright
Act, 1957

Bombay
Cinemas
(Regulation) Act,
1953
Drug and Magic
Remedies
(Objectionable
Advertisement)
Act, 1954

Monopolies and
Restrictive Trade
Practices Act,
1969
publicity is the oxygen of terrorism
What terrorist wants from
media
What the media want when
covering terrorist incidents
Publicity
Need Details of
their activities
To spread fear

to be the first with the story
to make the story as timely
and dramatic as possible
to protect society's right to
know

Media have a lot of control over the impact of terrorist activity
MEDIA & TERRORISM
MEDIA DURING 26/11
Do we all need to
see this???
THE MEDIA MAGNIFIER
World-Wide Publicity
Limited
Physical Attack
CENSORSHIP


What is censorship??
How it is occurred??
What are the criteria for suppressing
news
What are the criteria for
suppressing news??
Protecting the innocent
Protecting the young
Protecting the state
DEFAMATION
LIBEL
Defamation in written form
SLANDER
Defamation in spoken form
Section 499 of the Indian Penal Code
Exceptions
Punishment as under:
Section:500
Section:501
Section:502
CRIMINAL LAW
CIVIL LAW
It is not so well codified.
PRIVACY
"to withhold himself and his property from public scrutiny if he so chooses."
Public disclosure of private and embarrassing facts
Newsworthiness defense
Printing the names of minor
False light
Intrusion
Trespass
Secret surveillance
Misrepresentation

Misappropriation of name or likeness
OBSCENITY LAW IN INDIA
Section 292. of the Indian penal code
What the law in India say?
What is obscenity?
International obligation
Is the restriction reasonable in a democratic country?
TRIAL BY MEDIA
What is trial by media???
there can be lots of smoke without so much as the smallest flame.

If we believe that one is presumed innocent until proven guilty, then
why should those who are innocent suffer the horrendous penalty of
public humiliation and vilification as a consequence of widespread
media coverage?
The public gains nothing from knowing such a person's identity, but
accused persons may lose almost everything by having their identity
publicly known, despite their complete innocence.

MEDIA ETHICS
Definition of Ethics
Ethics v/s Law
Code of ethics
0jectivity
Conflict of interest
Crass Commercialism
Sensationalism
Privacy
Bribes/gifts
CODE OF ETHICS FORMULATED BY PRESS
COUNCIL OF INDIA(PCI)
Principle & ethics
Accuracy & fairness
Pre-publication verification
Caution against defamatory writings
Letter to the editor
Covering communal disputes/clashes
Caste, religion or community references
Reporting on natural calamities
Paramount national interest

Plagiarism

PRESENTED BY
Nisha Seth-49
Nirali Parekh-34
Puja Jain-17
Jhanvi Parikh-36
Darshana Jotwani-18
Pallavi bajaj-2