Obesity

BMI nutrition
Caloric Value
presented by : Hussa Khalid
Al-othman
 Obesity And Overweight are
both chronic conditions that
are the result of an energy
imbalance over a period of
time.

• The cause of this energy

imbalance can be due to a
combination of several
different factors and varies
from one person to another.

• Individual behaviors,
environmental factors, and
genetics all contribute to the
complexity of the obesity
epidemic

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 Our body made up
of :
 water
 fat,
 protein
 carbohydrate and various vitamins and
minerals.
 ‘Obesity’ is defined simply as too much
body fat.

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 ENERGY IMBALANCE
• Energy Imbalance What
is it?
• Energy balance can be
compared to a scale.

• An energy imbalance arises

when the number of calories
consumed is not equal to the
number of calories used by the
body.

• Weight gain usually involves

the combination of consuming
too many calories and not
expending enough through
physical activity.
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 Energy Imbalance Effects in
the Body
• Energy Imbalance Effects
in the Body Excess energy
is stored in fat cells,
which enlarge or multiply.

• Enlargement of fat cells

is known as hypertrophy,
whereas multiplication of
fat cells is known as
hyperplasia.

• With time, excesses in

energy storage lead to
obesity.
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 Fat is needed
 Fat is needed
Everyone needs a
certain amount of
body fat for stored
energy, heat
insulation, shock
absorption, and
other functions.

 As a rule, women
have more body fat
than men
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 Is there a different
between
Overweight and
Obesity ????

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 Overweight
• Overweight is an
excess amount of
body weight that
includes muscle,
bone, fat, and water.

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 Obesity
• Obesity is
excessively high
amounts of body fat
in relation to lean
body mass.

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 Causes:
Genetics
Environmental
factors
Physical activity
Psychological
factors
Illness
Age
Wrong live style
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 TYPE:
Child type
Adult type

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 Obesity in Children and
Adolescents
• Overweight and obesity is a growing problem among
children and adolescents in the KSA . .

• Being overweight or obese can cause health issues.

• The first step in evaluating your weight is to

determine your Body Mass Index (BMI).

• BMI is a measure of body fatness; it is used to identify

overweight and obesity in children and adolescents.

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 Weight Classifications
Review:
• Weight Classifications A Review Body mass index (BMI) is a
mathematical ratio which is calculated as weight (kg)/ height
squared (m2).

• It is used to describe an individuals relative weight for height,

and is significantly correlated with total body fat content.

• BMI is intended for those 20 years of age and older.

• You can find tables on the web that have done the math and
metric conversions for you.

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 BMI
BMI Classification

Less than 18.5 underweight

18.5–24.9 normal weight

25.0–29.9 is overweight

30.0–34.9 is class I obesity

35.0–39.9 class II obesity

Over 40.0 class III obesity

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• The Problem: Poor diet and
inactivity kill 400,000 people per
year. 1/3 of Saudies born in 2000
will develop diabetes. Cases of
Type II diabetes are on the rise.

The Problem: CDC estimates

61% of Saudies are overweight.
(15% ages 6-19) KSA Surgeon
General states during the last 20
years, the number of overweight
children has doubled, and the
number of overweight adolescents
has tripled.

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• The Problem:
Overweight adolescents
have a 70% chance of
becoming obese adults.
(Up to 80% if a parent
is obese) The most
immediate consequence,
as perceived by
children, is social
discrimination.
The Problem:
'Children today have a
shorter life expectancy
than their parents for
the first time in 100
years.'
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 Possible Side Effects of
Obesity
• While most of us already
know that being
overweight or obese can
increase a child or
adolescent's risk for low
self-esteem, did you know
that there are many other
risks and complications
associated with
overweight and obesity?

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• Type 2 diabetes
• Increased risk of heart disease
• High blood pressure
• Breathing problems
• Trouble sleeping (sleep apnea)
• Depression
• Anxiety
• High total cholesterol
(Dyslipidemia)
• Stroke
• Gallbladder disease
• Osteoarthritis
• Some cancers (endometrial,
breast and colon)

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 Possible Solution

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 Possible Solution:

• Physical
activity

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• Calorie
restriction

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• Pharmacologic &
surgical
treatment

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 Calories needed per
•
day
The amount of calories needed
daily is determined by such
factors as your level of physical
activity (calorie expenditure),
your state of health and
whether you need to lose weight,
maintain weight, or gain weight.
There is no one-fit-all answer.

• However, here are the general

guidelines for daily calories:

• 2,500 calories per day for men

(more if you are very active)

• 2,000 calories per day for

women (more if you are very
active)

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• If you need to lose weight,
start by eating 300 less
calories per day and exercise
more. Cardio exercise is
excellent for health or
weight loss (and will burn
more calories).

• You can use the above general

guidelines to start with. Bear
in mind that average women
and men will need somewhere
between 1,700 to 2,200
calories per day to provide
enough energy and that less
than 1,500 calories per day
will put a serious strain on
your health and nutritional
needs.

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 Examples

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 Thank you
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 Questions :
when the energy imbalance arises?
•

Is fat needed in our body?

•

What is the different between overweight and obesity ?

•

What are the causes of the obesity ?

•

Name 5 possible side effect of obesity?

•

What are the normal calories that our body needed daily ?
•

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