The weather of a place represents the state of the

atmospheric environment over a brief period of time.

Integrated weather condition over several years is generally
referred to as climate or more
Specifically, as the macro-climate.
The season or periods during which a person may
experience discomfort
Discomfort and corresponding energy demand for
mechanical systems can be reduced significantly.

Built-form and arrangement of a building.



Hence, the building design
should be such that


(a) it is sufficiently shaded to prevent solar radiation from entering
the house
and,
(b) it is ventilated to reduce discomfort due to high humidity.

Climate thus plays
a pivotal role in determining
the design and construction of a building.

Both weather and climate are characterised by the certain variables
known as climatic factors .

They are as follows:
(A) Solar radiation
(B) Ambient temperature
(C) Air humidity
(D) Precipitation
(E) Wind
(F) Sky condition

Solar radiation is the radiant energy received from the sun.
The radiation incident on a surface varies from moment to moment depending on its
geographic, orientation, season, time of day and atmospheric
conditions .


Solar radiation is the most important weather
variable that determines whether a place experiences
high temperatures or is predominantly cold.

The temperature of air in a shaded enclosure is known as the
Ambient
Temperature.

Temperature at a given site depends on wind as well as local factors
such as shading, presence of water body, sunny condition, etc.

When the wind speed is low, local factors strongly influence
on temperature of air close to the ground. With higher wind
speeds, the temperature of the incoming air is less affected
by local
factors.
CLIMATE MEAN
MONTHLY
TEMPRATURE
(DEGREE
CELCUIS)
RELATIVE
HUMIDITY (%)
WARM AND
HUMID
>30 >55
WARM AND
HUMID
>30
>25
>55
>75
ACCORDING TO THE CRITERIA OF BANSAL ET
AL AND THE SP 7 :2005

GOA
MUMBAI (MAHARASHTRA)
VI SHAKHAPATNAM (AP)
THI RUVANANTHAPURAM (KERALA)
CHENNAI (TAMI L NADU)
KOLKATA (WEST BENGAL)
PURI (ORI SSA)
TRI PURA
KOZHI KODE
GULF OF KUTCHH


THIS TYPE OF CLIMATE IS ALMOST PERENNIAL AND DOMINANT
IN THESE REGIONS.



CITY SUMMER
DAY
SUMMER
NIGHT
WINTER
DAY
WINTER
NIGHT
CHENNAI 37.3 27.6 28.2 21
KOLKATA 34.1 26.7 27 14
MUMBAI 31.9 26.3 30.9 20.8
PURI 31.7 27.4 27.2 17.7
TRIVANDRUM 29.4 23.6 30.9 22.5
TRIPURA 36.2 20.5 27.1 7
GOA 30 20 25 15

Resist heat gain
Promote heat loss
Minimization of the high day temp.
Avoidance of direct exposure of facades to solar radiations
Reduction in the humidity levels
Continuous air circulation to reduce heat and relief from
stickiness!