Professional Documents
Culture Documents
INTRODUCTORY MATHEMATICAL
ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS For Business, Economics, and te Li!e and Socia" Sciences
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2
Chapter 2
Functions and Graphs
Functions and Graphs
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
'
'
% if '
% if $
& - d.
% if 2
% if $
& - c.
$ & - b.
& % -
& % &- $ -
& - a.
x
x x
x k
x
x x
x h
x x g
x
x x
x f
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2: Functions and Graphs
2. Functions
E!ample " #etermining Equality of Functions
Solution/
3hen x . %,
4y definition, g(x) . h(x) . k(x) for all x %.
Since g-%& . ', h-%& . 2 and k-%& . ', we conclude
that
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( ) % %
, % %
, % %
k f
h f
g f
k h
h g
k g
,
,
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2: Functions and Graphs
2. Functions
E!ample $ " Finding #omain and Function %alues
5et . ,ny real number can be used
for x, so the domain of g is all real numbers.
a. Find g(z).
Solution/
b. Find g(r
2
).
Solution/
c. Find g(x 6 h).
Solution/
2
( ) 3 5 g x x x +
2
( ) 3 5 g z z z +
2 2 2 2 4 2
( ) 3( ) 5 3 5
g r r r r r + +
2
2 2
( ) 3( ) ( ) 5
3 6 3 5
g x h x h x h
x hx h x h
+ + + +
+ + +
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2: Functions and Graphs
2. Functions
E!ample & " #emand Function
Suose that the equation ! "##$q describes the
relationshi between the rice er unit of a certain
roduct and the number of units q of the roduct that
consumers will buy (that is% demand) er week at the
stated rice. &rite the demand function.
Solution/
q
q
%22
+
( ) 2 3 g x x +
2 3
2 3
1
x
x
+
+
)bsolute*value function is defined as , e.g.
x
if 0
if 0
x x
x
x x
' )
<
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2: Functions and Graphs
2.2 'pecial Functions
E!ample + " Genetics
'wo black igs are bred and roduce exactly fi(e
offsring. )t can be shown that the robability * that
exactly r of the offsring will be brown and the others
black is a function of r %
+n the right side% * reresents the function rule. +n
the left side% * reresents the deendent (ariable.
'he domain of * is all integers from 2 to ), inclusi(e.
Find the robability that exactly three guinea igs will
be brown.
( )
5
1 3
5!
4 4
( ) 0,1, 2,..., 5
! 5 !
r r
P r r
r r
_ _
, ,
)f f(x) . 'x 7 % and g(x) . x
$
6 'x, find
a. ( )( )
. ( )( )
c. ( )( )
d. ( )
!
1
e. ( )( )
2
f g x
f g x
fg x
f
x
f x
+
2
Composition
+ + o
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2: Functions and Graphs
2., -nverse Functions
E!ample $ " -nverses /sed to 'olve Equations
-any equations take the form f(x) . 2% where f is a
function. )f f is a one,to,one function% then the
equation has x . f 7%(2) as its unique solution.
Solution/
,pplying f
7%
to both sides gives .
Since , is a solution.
( ) ( ) ( )
1 1
0 f f x f
1
(0) f
1
( (0)) 0 f f
'
Summary/
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2: Functions and Graphs
2.1 'ymmetry
E!ample $ " Graphing 2ith -ntercepts and 'ymmetry
'est y . f (x) . %7 x
(
for symmetry about the x,axis%
the y,axis% and the origin. 'hen find the intercets
and sketch the grah.
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2: Functions and Graphs
2.1 'ymmetry
E!ample $ " Graphing 2ith -ntercepts and 'ymmetry
Solution/
#eplace y with :y, not equivalent to equation.
#eplace x with :x, equivalent to equation.
#eplace x with :x and y with :y, not equivalent to
equation.
Thus, it is only symmetric about the y*a!is.
!ntercept at
4
1 0
1 or 1
x
x x
2011 Pearson Education, Inc.
Chapter 2: Functions and Graphs
2.1 'ymmetry
E!ample & " 'ymmetry about the .ine y 3 x