KKKT 6274

Modeling and Simulation of

Communication and Computer
Networks
Prof. Dr. Mahamod Ismail
mahamod@eng.ukm.my
Synopsis
This course is an introduction to discrete-event/time
simulation for performance modeling of communication and
computer systems. At the end of this course, a student will be
able to model a system and predict its performance. Various
simulation tools and software package will be introduce to
model communication and computer network and system
such as MATLAB/Simulink, Network Simulation NS-2,
OMNET++, QualNet, OpSym and Optisys, and Sonnet. The
simulator also will help student to design and optimize any
systems and networks before their deployment.


Outcomes
1. Ability to undestand the basic concept of communication
and computer system modeling and simulations.
(Comprehension)
2. Ability to develop skills in the use of communication and
computer simulation software. (Application)
3. Ability to use relevant software simulation methods for the
purpose of evaluating overall communication and computer
system performance. (Application)
4. Ability to design and solve communication and computer
engineering problem with the aid of simulation software.
(Synthesis)

Outcomes
TEACHING PLAN
LECTURERS
Prof. Dr. Mahamod Ismail (MBI)
B.Sc.(Strathclyde), M.Sc (UMIST), PhD (Bradford)
mahamod@eng.ukm.my, mahamod@gmail.com
03-89118014/8015
dr_mbi
JKEES

Dr. Mohd Fais Mansor (MFM)
Sm.Kej.(UKM, Duisburg-Essen), PhD (Surrey)
fais@eng.ukm.my
03-89216335
JKEES



TEACHING PLAN (1/3)
Week Topics
1
(MBI)
Introduction to Simulation and Performance Modeling:
Analytical and Monte Carlo
2
(MBI)
Simulation Principle:
Event and Time Driven
3
(MBI)
Simulation Model:
Statistical, Random and Queue
4
(MBI)
Model Verification/Validation, Input/Output Analysis
TEACHING PLAN (2/3)
5
(MBI)
Communication and Computer Simulation Software:
QualNet, OptiSym, Sonnet, HFSS, NS-2, OMNET++, and Matlab
6
(MBI)

QualNet Simulation
7
(MBI)

OptiSym/Optsys Simulation
Semester Break
8
(MFM)

Sonnet Simulation
TEACHING PLAN (3/3)
9
(MBI)

NS-2 Simulation
10
(MBI)

OMNET++ Simulation
11
(MBI)

Matlab/Simulink Simulation
12-14
(MBI/
MFM)
C&C Project Simulation
ASSIGNMENT/PBL
Wireless Communication (Matlab/Qualnet)
FTTH Design (Optisym)
MAC Layer Network Design (NS-2/Omnet++)
Antenna Design (Sonnet/CST)
EVALUATION
Assignments 20 %
Quiz 10 %
PBL Project 40%
Simulation Project 30%
TOTAL 100%

LECTURE SCHEDULE
STUDENTS
REFERENCES
Averill M. Law, 2007. Simulation Modeling and Analysis, 4
th
Ed., McGraw
Hill
William H. Tranter, K. Sam Shanmugan, Theodore S. Rappaport and Kurt L.
Kosbar. 2004. Principles of Communication Systems Simulation with
Wireless Applications, Prentice Hall
Michel C. Jeruchim, Philip Balaban and K. Sam Shanmugan. 2000.
Simulation of Communication Systems: Modeling, Methodology and
Techniques, 2
nd
Ed., Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Ricardo F. Garzia. 1990. Network Modeling, Simulation, and Analysis.
Marcel Dekker Inc.
Dennis Silage. 2009. Digital Communication System using MATLAB and
Simulink, Bookstand Publishing.




MATLAB Simulations
LECTURE 1

INTRODUCTION
Introduction
Methodologies to solve telecommunication
and computer research problems
quantitative versus qualitative.
Options:
Experimental
Data Collection/Observation
Design, Fabrication and Measurement
Modeling and simulation
etc.




19
Introduction
The difference between a model and a
simulation is in the form of the output.
Modelling usually deals with numerical
outputs, e.g. with a spreadsheet model you
could use formulae and functions to calculate
the stresses on a bridge.
A simulation might try to physically represent
this by showing a graphic of how the bridge
breaks as a truck passes over it.
20
Introduction
Advantages
Can be safer and cheaper than the real world.
Able to test a product or system works before
building it.
Can use it to find unexpected problems.
Able to explore what if questions.
Can speed things up or slow them down to see
changes over long or short periods of time.
21
Introduction
Disadvantage
Mistakes may be made in the
programming [programming: The process of
writing computer software.] or rules of the
simulation or model.
The cost of a simulation model can be high.
The cost of running several different simulations
may be high.
Time may be needed to make sense of the results.
Peoples reactions to the model or simulation
might not be realistic or reliable.
22
Introduction
Depends upon time, resources, and
desired level of accuracy
Analytic/mathematical modeling : Quick, less
accurate
Simulation : Medium effort, medium accuracy
Measurement : Typical most effort, most accurate
Note, above are all typical
but can be reversed in some cases!
23
Introduction
A computer simulation, a computer model, or a
computational model is a computer program, or network
of computers, that attempts to simulate an abstract model
of a particular system. Computer simulations have become
a useful part of mathematical modeling of many natural
systems in physics (computational physics), astrophysics,
chemistry and biology, human systems in economics,
psychology, social science, and engineering.
Simulations can be used to explore and gain new insights
into new technology, and to estimate the performance of
systems too complex for analytical solutions.
(Wiki)

Introduction
Model:
A Representation of an object, a system, or an
idea in some form other than that of the entity
itself. (Shannon)
Physical (Scale models, prototype plants,) and
Mathematical (Analytical queueing models, linear
programs, simulation)
Modeling
theoretical framework /conceptual
Mathematical formulation
Introduction
Simulation:
A Simulation of a system is the operation of a
model, which is a representation of that system.
The model is amenable to manipulation which
would be impossible, too expensive, or too
impractical to perform on the system which it
portrays.
The operation of the model can be studied, and,
from this, properties concerning the behavior of
the actual system can be inferred.




Introduction
Simulation and Modeling Steps:
1. Define an achievable goal
2. Put together a complete mix of skills on the
team
3. Involve the end-user
4. Choose the appropriate simulation tools
5. Model the appropriate level(s) of detail
6. Start early to collect the necessary input data

Introduction
Simulation and Modeling Steps:
7. Provide adequate and on-going
documentation
8. Develop a plan for adequate model
verification (Did we get the right answers ?)
9. Develop a plan for model validation (Did we
ask the right questions ?)
10.Develop a plan for statistical output analysis
(PDF, CDF, CCDF, MOS, etc.)

Introduction
Steps in simulation study
Simulation Tools - Matlab
MATLAB

is a high-level
language and interactive
environment for numerical
computation, visualization,
and programming.
Using MATLAB
(communication toolbox),
we can analyze data,
develop algorithms, and
create models and
applications, e.g. C&C
Simulation Tools - NS
Network Simulator (NS-
2/NS-3) is a discrete
event simulator targeted
at networking research.
NS provides substantial
support for simulation of
TCP, routing, and
multicast protocols over
wired and wireless (local
and satellite) networks.
Simulation Tools
OMNeT++ is an extensible,
modular, component-based
C++ simulation library and
framework, primarily for
building network simulators.
"Network includes wired and
wireless communication
networks, on-chip networks,
queueing networks, etc.
Simulation Tools
QualNet is a ultra high-fidelity
network evaluation software that
predicts performance of wired,
wireless and mixed-platform.
QualNet is capable of modeling the
most complex of networks and is
the fastest, most scalable network
simulator in the market.
QualNet's large model library and
powerful development tools help
minimize coding time. QualNet's
Integration Modules provide
extensibility that greatly boosts the
tool's value as a simulator of
communications systems
Simulation Tools
OptSim
SatSoft
Antenna 2.0
Microwave Office
EM CST microwave
MATLAB
Simulation Tools
Symbolic versus numerical; Open and closed
loop
Software package
Mathematica
Simscript
Scilab
Mathcad
References
http://www.mathworks.com/help/techdoc/
http://home.hit.no/~hansha/
http://www.imc.tue.nl/