Meter Reading

Welcome To
Seminar
On

Energy Billing
Revenue Collection
Energy Audit

WBSEB

EDP Cell

METER READING

Earlier Practice
Earlier Practice
?IDENTIFICATION
CONSUMERS
SERVICE

AS

Problem Observed
OF

READING IN STAGES LEADS

CONNECTION

TO ERROR AND EXTRA TIME

CONSUMPTION.

SCIENTIFIC ROUTE

PLAN FOLLOWED.
READING

BY
IN

REGISTER.

HIS

UNECONOMIC

AND

INEFFICIENT SYSTEM.
INACCURATE

ENERGY

DEMAND.

SKIPPING OF CONSUMERS
DUE TO ABSENCE OF ROUTE

MANUAL RECORDING OF
READER

METER

PER

NUMBER.
NO

?RECORDING

End Result

METER
OWN

PLAN/ IGNORANCE
EXCESS

REQUIREMENT

OF

MAN-POWER.
DEPENDENCY

ON

SUPERVISORY EXCELLENCE.

WBSEB

EDP Cell

METER READING

Existing System
Preparation Of Organised
Route Plan.
13 Digit Consumer Code.

Sample consumer code

A010010D05035

WBSEB

1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13

Group (Alphabet)
Zone (Numeric)

Pole Number (Numeric)

Flash Pole No. (Numeric)
Class(C/D/I) (Alphabet)
S/C Number (Numeric)
Loop Connection (Numeric)
Check Digit (Numeric)
EDP Cell

METER READING

Existing System
EXISTING PRACTICE
RECORDING

OF

READINGS

DIRECTLY IN BLUE CARDS.

INTRODUCTION

OF

MINIMIZE HUMAN ERROR.

NO SKIPPING OF CONSUMER.
METER

READING INSTRUMENT (M.R.I.).

INTRODUCTION OF REMOTE METER
READING.

ADVANTAGE OVER EARLIER

SYSTEM
REGULAR

ANALYSIS

OF

TAMPER

INFORMATION.
EASY MONITORING AND LOCATING
A CONSUMER.
SCIENTIFIC

UTILISATION

OF

MANPOWER.

WBSEB

EDP Cell

ENERGY BILLING

Earlier Manual Billing

Existing

Earlier practice

Computerised

End Result

Billing
TRANSCRIPTION ERROR.
IRREGULARITY

OF

DISSATISFACTION AND
ERROR

IN BILL PREPARATION
OF

INTENTIONALLY

LITIGATION.
EXCESSIVE BURDEN ON

ILLEGIBILITY OF BILLS.
DROPOUT

No Loss of Revenue.

BILL CONSUMER

PREPARATION.
COMPUTATIONAL

LOSS OF REVENUE.

EMPLOYEES.

BILLS INCREASE
OR

BY

IGNORANCE.

EMPLOYEE

IN

Lower Cost For Bill

Preparation.
Easy

Generation Of
Reports.

CONSUMER RATION.

HIGHER COST TOWARDS

PREPARATION OF BILLS.

WBSEB

EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION
Evolution of Cash Management System
C-I MANUAL CONTINUED FOR 4 DECADES.
C-II ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SEMI AUTOMATED ECR SYSTEM
STARTED FROM
90S. COST PER COUNTER WAS RS. 56,000.
C-III COMPUTERISED CASH COLLECTION STARTED FROM
98:ONLINE(SUPPLY AND DCC CO-LOCATED) : 13 SITES
PC BASED
: 23 SITES
COST/COUNTER
: RS. 75,000(AVG)
C-IV CUSTOMIZATION OF CASH COLLECTION
SYSTEM(RESTRICTED TO DCC) 3 GR. E/S UNDER BDN-I
UPGRADED AND RUNNING : TOTAL COST : RS. 8
LACS.
C-V CUSTOMIZATION OF CASH COLLECTION SYSTEM AS
PART OF MODERNIZATION OF IMPORTANT SUPPLY STATIONS
(COVERAGE : 73 GR. E/S).

WBSEB

EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION
Manual System

Electronic Cash Register

ENTIRE
CASH
COLLECTION
SYSTEM
WAS
MANUAL FOR LONG
THREE DECADES UP
TO
1990
THROUGH
HAND
WRITTEN
CASH RECEIPT.

A
STEP
TOWARDS
AUTOMATED
CASH
COLLECTION SYSTEM.

MADE OPERATIONAL AT
DIFFERENT
COUNTERS
OF E/SS

DAYS
PAYMENT
RECORD
TRANSFERRED
THROUGH FLOPPY FOR
SUBSEQUENT UPDATION
AT
THE
BILL
GENERATING STATION.

A HARD COPY OF DAYS

SUMMARY
LIST
ALSO
AVAILABLE
FOR
RECORD.

IN
CASE
OF
FLOPPY
CORRUPTION, OFF - LINE
ENTRY IS DONE FROM
DAYS SUMMARY LIST.

DRAWBACKS:

PRONE TO HUMAN
ERROR.

SLOW SYSTEM.

CONSUMER
SATISFACTION
NOT
UPTO
DESIRED LEVEL.

HIGH
COST
OF
COLLECTION PER
CONSUMER.

DISADVANTAGE:

NON-AVAILABILITY
OF
BILL
AND
PAYMENT
STATUS

COLLECTION
WITHOUT
VALIDATION CHECKING.

Defects prior to
Computerisation
ERROR-PRONE
SYSTEM.
INEFFICIENT
UTILIZATION
MANPOWER
MAN-HOUR.

OF
AND

NO
FEASIBILE
MECHANISM
TO
MONITOR:
a) 100 % READING AND
BILLING.
b) CONSUMPTION
PATTERN.
c) QUALITY OF
METERS
d) DEFAULTING
CONSUMERS
e) TABLE-READING
PRACTICE
f) AVERAGE UNIT
BILLING
g) NEGATIVE
ADJUSTMENT OF
UNIT.
h) REVENUE
COLLECTION
ALL THESE LED TO
CONSUMER
DISSATISFACTION
AS
WELL
AS
POOR
REVENUE
MANAGEMENT

WBSEB

EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION
Floppy

Floppy Disk Attachment

Cash Register

Computer Center

Day Summary List

Cash Register

WBSEB

Computer Center
EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION

HUB

Computer Center
WBSEB

Online Cash Center

EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION
Server

P
C

Modem

Telephone

Computer Center

ES Cash Center

B
A
S
E
D

Modem

Cash
Counter1

WBSEB

Cash
Counter2

Telephone

Cash
Counter3

EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION

Computerised Cash Collection

Only valid consumers payments
are received.
No
scope
of
double
payment,payment against no bill.
Dues Status available to cashiers.
Easier and faster payment posting.

WBSEB

EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION

Computerised Cash Collection

C-IV System Of Cash Collection
One Central Server at DCC stores all data for validation.
GR. E/S are connected through ISDN/Leased Line.

Cash Counter PCs act as remote clients of DCC Server.

Consumers can pay their energy bills in any E/S under the
DCC.

Payments are updated Online

WBSEB

EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION

Schematic Diagram Of Modernisation Scheme

WBSEB

EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION

Modernisation Of Important E/S

All the Supply Stations will have
adequate
infrastructure to
ENTER/EDIT METER READING
COLLECT REVENUE
ANSWER CONSUMERS BILL RELATED
QUERIES
RUN AMS PACKAGE ETC.
WBSEB

EDP Cell

REVENUE COLLECTION

Computerised Cash Collection

Benefit of the System
Better Consumer satisfaction.
Transparent & Efficienct System in Application
Monitoring.
Economical Operation.
Reduction in day to day operational difficulties.

WBSEB

EDP Cell

Projects under Implementation

Power Network GIS with the help of GPS Instrument.

The work is in progress.

Spot Billing for Low & Medium Voltage Consumers.

WBSEB is going to implement spot billing for Low & Medium
Voltage consumers with the help of Hand Held Computer.

WBSEB

EDP Cell

ENERGY AUDIT

Preparation Of Feeder Loss

Through Energy Audit

WBSEB

EDP Cell

Energy Audit
Problems before Introduction of Current Process

Overall T&D loss arrived for WBSEB as a whole are based on :

Power available on Bus at Power stations recorded through low

accuracy electromechanical meters.
Power Flow recorded at different import and export points through
electromechanical meters.
Unit consumption of medium and low voltage consumers are
assessed mostly.
No Composite Metering System at Feeder Levels Of EHV and HV Sub-Stations
T&D Loss figures shown much less than actual.

No scope to identify or quantify the losses at different stages of Voltage Levels and
Segments.
Wrong assessment towards fixing yearly revenue target for the supply stations.
No scope for documentation of system parameters.

Proper attention not given for reduction of losses as same was considered as reasonable.

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
Impact in terms of Operational and Financial Magnitude
Operational
Proper energy management

Financial
Better Revenue Management

Load forecasting, System Improvement Least interruption of Power Supply

Quality Power Supply

Reduction in T&D losses.

Prioritizing the feeders towards load

Fixing of rational annual revenue target
shedding in the event of power shortfall for Electric Supply Stations.
and/or any system constraints
Improved maintenance practices.

WBSEB

Efficient Consumer Service

EMC

Energy Audit
Practice & Processes
The overall objective is to put in place an effective
metering system to identify aggregate technical &
commercial losses
To make a MIS for proper planning of load management
and load forecasting
To introduce accountability for energy in each
administrative area like, Zones, Circles, Divisions etc.
To also keep in view the need to accommodate the latest
Availability Based Tariff (ABT) introduced in Eastern
Region

WBSEB

EMC

The Software Features

Energy Audit

The software has time-linked MF to take care of

CT ratio, and changes in ratio in due course
PT ratio, etc.

Grouping meter locations by defining virtual locations

To define WBSEB boundary

To define Zone, Circle, & Division boundaries
To define Substations
all of which may change over time

Processing time-of-day energies of virtual locations

To arrive at load curves for each area
To arrive at peak demand of each area
To arrive at peak contribution factor of each area

A network management software is also used

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit

The Software Features-Contd.

The software can give the record of meters with serial

number, Make, the location at which the meter is connected,
MF, date of installation, testing etc.
This will help in keeping a central record and track of health
of the thousands of meters

WBSEB

EMC

ENERGY ACCOUNTING
( EHV SYSTEMS 66 kV & above)

Energy Audit

Losses in EHV system is subjected

to measurement uncertainty, hence
accuracy of overall metering system
is important
0.2 class metering with instrument
transformer error compensation has
been provided
Phase error and ratio errors can be

compensated separately
WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
Build in
PACTLAN

Single Point
connection

Data Communication System

WBSEB

Sub Rack
connector

EMC

ENERGY ACCOUNTING

Energy Audit

(33 kV & 11 kV)

Premier Meters of 0.5 class have been
installed at all incoming and outgoing
feeders
Each meter is a revenue grade meter, suited
for TOD and Two part tariff application
Supports integration to the overall scheme

Extends all features of the traditional

metering to the substation

Logs 6 parameters for 45 days

Independent port for connection to the
remote meter reading set up
Common metering LAN has been provided
for single point remote communication link

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
Interconnection of the Metering System
(both 0.2 & 0.5 Class)

Net Box

Data
Communicatio
n Device

Telephone
line

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit

Energy Accounting:Topology
Net energy input to
WBSEB is measured

Circles
Circles

Zone

Zone

Circles

Circles

WBSEB
Net energy input to Zones
is measured

Circles

WBSEB

Zone

Circles

EMC

Energy Audit

Energy Accounting:Topology
Net energy input to a
Circle is measured

Division

Division

Division

CIRCLE
Division

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
The Software Features
The software has time-linked MF to take care of
CT ratio, and changes in ratio in due course
PT ratio, etc.
Grouping meter locations by defining virtual locations
To define WBSEB boundary
To define Zone, Circle, & Division boundaries
To define Substations
all of which may change over time
Processing time-of-day energies of virtual locations
To arrive at load curves for each area
To arrive at peak demand of each area
To arrive at peak contribution factor of each area

A network management software is also used

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit

Asset Information :The software can give the record of meters with serial number,
Make, the location at which the meter is connected, MF, date of
installation, testing etc.
This will help in keeping a central record and track of the
thousands of meters

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit

Sample Report Formats

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit

System output

Comprehensive monthly energy accounting & MIS for efficient

operation of System
Energy received by WBSEB & loss in system (upto 11 kV outgoing feeders)
Energy received by each Zone, Circle & Division
Energy received at each Substation of a Division
Energy sent out from distribution feeders

Load pattern for each of above

Load duration curves, peak contribution factors etc.
Voltage profiles .. and much more

Covers not only energy accounting but information for Load Management, Load
Forecasting, and Demand Side Management as well

This is comprehensive Metering Project with complete IT support

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
Summary Report - Demand and System Parameter
Location Name

Bidhannagar-I Consumption

Address

WBSEB\Distribution System\Kolkata\BidhanNagar\Bidhan Nagar-I\

From : 01/12/2003 To 31/12/2003

Operating Conditions
Parameters
Active Demand

Maximum Value

Date, Time & Day

34.4 MW

15/12/2003 17:00 Monday

Apparent Demand

39.7* MVA

24/12/2003 17:30 Wednesday

Reactive Demand

20.7* MVAr

04/12/2003 18:00 Thursday

Minimum Value

Date, Time & Day

9.8 MW

03/12/2003 03:00 Wednesday

10.4 MVA

03/12/2003 05:00 Wednesday

3.5* MVAr

03/12/2003 05:00 Wednesday

Power Factor (At Peak MVA Demand)

0.86 Lag

Feeder Average Availability Duration Index (FAADI) :

Load Factor

0.61

Total Number of Power Failure (No Voltage Condition)

48

Diversity Factor (Between feeders)

1.59

Average Number of Power Failure (No Voltage Condition)

0.7

Total Number of No load / low load (<1% of peak)

Average Number of No load / low load (<1% of peak)

79.03 %

Per Feeder

550
8.2

Per Feeder

Energy Report
Net Input Energy (Upstreams)

16304 MWh

Energy Output (Consumption)

15706 MWh

Loss (Energy)
Loss (%)

2882 / WBSEB

WBSEB

598 MWh
3.67 %

* Indicates that v alues occured more than once

EMC

WBSEB
M1 33/11 kV S/S
M2 33/11 kV S/S
M3 33/11 kV S/S
M5 33/11 kV S/S

00:00

To

Wed 31-12-2003

23:00

22:00

21:00

01/12/2003

Tue 30-12-2003

Mon 29-12-2003

Sun 28-12-2003

20:00

From :

Sat 27-12-2003

M5 33/11 kV S/S

Fri 26-12-2003

19:00

18:00

17:00

Contribution a nd Pe a k Da y va ria tion re port

Thu 25-12-2003

Wed 24-12-2003

Tue 23-12-2003

Mon 22-12-2003

16:00

15:00

14:00

13:00

12:00

11:00

10:00

09:00

08:00

07:00

06:00

05:00

04:00

03:00

02:00

01:00

00:00

Loa d Curve of Sub-Sta tion on Pe a k Loa d Da y (Monda y , 15-12-2003)

Sun 21-12-2003

M3 33/11 kV S/S

Sat 20-12-2003

Fri 19-12-2003

Thu 18-12-2003

Wed 17-12-2003

Tue 16-12-2003

Mon 15-12-2003

M2 33/11 kV S/S

Sun 14-12-2003

Sat 13-12-2003

Fri 12-12-2003

Thu 11-12-2003

Wed 10-12-2003

Tue 09-12-2003

M1 33/11 kV S/S

Mon 08-12-2003

Sun 07-12-2003

Sat 06-12-2003

Fri 05-12-2003

Thu 04-12-2003

Wed 03-12-2003

Demand (MW)

11
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
3
2
1
0

Tue 02-12-2003

Mon 01-12-2003

Demand (MW)

Energy Audit

Bidhannagar-I Consumption
31/12/2003

for Bidha nna ga r-I Consumption

Time of Day (Hrs)

Salt Lake Grid S/S

40

Da y w ise Pe a k De ma nd for Sub-Sta tion in Bidha nna ga r-I Consumption

35

30

25

20

15

10

Dates

Salt Lake Grid S/S

2882 / W BSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
Summary Report - Demand and System Parameter
Location Name

Import from Kasba

Address

WBSEB\Transmission System\Kolkata\Kasba\

From : 01/10/2003 To 31/10/2003

Operating Conditions
Parameters

Maximum Value

Date, Time & Day

Minimum Value

Date, Time & Day

Active Demand

166.0 MW

24/10/2003 19:45 Friday

56.7 MW

04/10/2003 12:00 Saturday

Apparent Demand

175.2* MVA

24/10/2003 19:45 Friday

60.2 MVA

04/10/2003 12:00 Saturday

27/10/2003 17:30 Monday

18.0* MVAr

07/10/2003 04:00 Tuesday

Reactive Demand

68.1* MVAr

Power Factor (At Peak MVA Demand)

0.95 Lag

Feeder Average Availability Duration Index (FAADI) :

Load Factor

0.64

Total Number of Power Failure (No Voltage Condition)

Diversity Factor (Between feeders)

1.02

Average Number of Power Failure (No Voltage Condition)

Total Number of No load / low load (<1% of peak)
Average Number of No load / low load (<1% of peak)

49.98

0
0.0

Per Feeder

1
0.3

Per Feeder

Energy Report
Net Input Energy (Upstreams)

78855 MWh

Energy Output (Consumption)

78038 MWh

Loss (Energy)
Loss (%)

9093 / WBSEB

WBSEB

817 MWh
1.04 %

* Indicates that v alues occured more than once

EMC

Detailed Operational Summary

Utility - WBSEB Import

Energy Balance
Voltag
Level

No. of
consumer

Input
(kWh)

Output
(kWh)

ATC
Loss
(kWh)

0.00

UTILITY - WBSEB IMPORT

Break up of Loss
ATC
Loss
(%)

Tech.
Loss
(%)

Non
Tech.
Loss
(%)

Peak Demand
Apparent
(kVA)

* 1,739,126

Active
(kW)

Base Demand

Reactive
(kVAr)

Date & Time

1,709,180

-321,347

14-DEC-03 18:45 *

Apparent
(kVA)

822,637

Active
(kW)

Factors

Reactive
(kVAr)

804,373

Date & Time

Voltage Conditions

Supply Reliability
Interruptions

Load Diversity Average

Factor
Factor Availability Power

failures
(No
Voltage)

No load
/ low
load (<
1% of
peak)

-172,382

28-DEC-03 05:00

0.71

2.51

83.8 %

33

116

Low est Highest

Voltage Voltage

DVC - WBSEB IMPORT

23384045.00

150,093

139,994

54,125

23-DEC-03 18:00 *

913

912

-48

18-DEC-03 15:30

0.30

1.00

42.1 %

220 kV

DVC 220KV INPUT

22616525.00

147,000

136,250

55,181

23-DEC-03 18:00 *

2,600

1,400

2,191

09-DEC-03 22:30

0.31

N/A

0.0 %

98.2 %

104.6 %

132 kV

DVC 132KV INPUT

0.00

0.00

N/A

0.0 %

91.2 %

107.1 %

11 kV

DVC 11KV INPUT

62.0 %

114.0 %

72.2 %

103.9 %

767520.00

4,538

4,176

-1,776

29-DEC-03 18:00 *

48

48

03-DEC-03 00:30

0.59

N/A

42.1 %

SIKKIM GOVT - WBSEB IMPORT

5914753.84

13,680

12,135

-6,315

06-DEC-03 16:45 *

19

-19

04-DEC-03 16:30

0.62

N/A

49.6 %

SIKKIM GOVT 66KV INPUT

5914753.84

13,680

12,135

-6,315

06-DEC-03 16:45 *

19

-19

04-DEC-03 16:30

0.62

N/A

49.6 %

PGCIL - WBSEB IMPORT

191573497.76

578,805

546,051

-191,946

24-DEC-03 18:15 *

146,477

88,268

-116,894

06-DEC-03 03:45

0.47

1.63

84.5 %

400 kV

PGCIL 400KV INPUT

109509244.01

483,522

473,864

-96,158

22-DEC-03 18:00 *

43,858

40,795

-16,102

20-DEC-03 13:00

0.32

N/A

98.1 %

96.1 %

103.8 %

220 kV

PGCIL 220KV INPUT

6012262.50

-164,150

-147,950

-71,106

19-DEC-03 18:45 *

7,850

1,200

-7,758

08-DEC-03 00:30

0.26

N/A

0.0 %

98.2 %

104.7 %

132 kV

PGCIL 132KV INPUT

76051991.25

239,544

239,535

-2,022

03-DEC-03 17:30 *

48,595

48,240

-5,861

01-DEC-03 01:45

0.43

1.13

79.0 %

100.4 %

109.0 %

66 kV

WBPDCL - WBSEB IMPORT

648507625.73

* 1,343,100

1,331,051

-179,502

30-DEC-03 09:30 *

478,028

440,948

-184,596

22-DEC-03 14:30

0.65

2.08

91.1 %

10

52

220 kV

WBPDCL 220KV INPUT

417265275.00

919,150

918,300

-39,519

15-DEC-03 16:30 *

298,420

298,200

-11,457

12-DEC-03 14:00

0.61

1.61

93.5 %

19

95.8 %

108.7 %

132 kV

WBPDCL 132KV INPUT

90529416.47

301,687

239,938

-182,880

08-DEC-03 18:30 *

79,389

46,830

-64,105

24-DEC-03 02:30

0.48

2.36

89.5 %

25

92.1 %

108.0 %

400 kV

WBPDCL 400KV INPUT

140712934.26

464,938

464,773

12,412

30-DEC-03 09:30 *

-4,528

-3,068

3,330

23-DEC-03 14:00

0.41

1.51

91.3 %

93.4 %

105.3 %

CESC - WBSEB IMPORT

30906989.52

-191,385

-185,497

-47,108

19-DEC-03 17:45 *

-1,994

-1,985

-190

01-DEC-03 23:00

0.23

1.38

80.5 %

52

CESC 132KV INPUT

30906989.52

-191,385

-185,497

-47,108

19-DEC-03 17:45 *

-1,994

-1,985

-190

01-DEC-03 23:00

0.23

1.38

80.5 %

52

93.5 %

109.3 %

BSEB - WBSEB IMPORT

1091.25

-225

-23

224

01-DEC-03 07:30 *

23

23

01-DEC-03 00:15

0.13

N/A

6.5 %

BSEB 132KV INPUT

1091.25

-225

-23

224

01-DEC-03 07:30 *

23

23

01-DEC-03 00:15

0.13

N/A

6.5 %

93.8 %

112.3 %

DPL - WBSEB IMPORT

47339520.63

165,746

151,808

66,530

17-DEC-03 10:15 *

33,953

15,455

30,232

06-DEC-03 18:45

0.45

1.04

0.0 %

220 kV

DPL 220KV INPUT

24958450.00

70,500

63,850

29,890

03-DEC-03 14:45 *

10,900

1,400

10,810

31-DEC-03 19:30

0.55

N/A

0.0 %

98.2 %

104.7 %

132 kV

DPL 132KV INPUT

22381070.63

105,794

72,203

77,326

16-DEC-03 21:45 *

-7,042

-1,643

6,848

24-DEC-03 09:00

0.38

N/A

0.0 %

95.2 %

103.0 %

HYDEL(WBSEB) - WBSEB IMPORT

20152253.91

44,222

44,194

-1,574

06-DEC-03 18:00 *

4,643

4,590

-702

19-DEC-03 12:00

0.61

1.21

95.0 %

132 kV

132 kV

132 kV

HYDEL(WBSEB) 132KV INPUT

9105491.25

27,665

27,540

-2,626

22-DEC-03 19:45 *

-2,678

-158

-2,673

26-DEC-03 16:00

0.45

1.12

99.5 %

93.7 %

110.0 %

66 kV

HYDEL(WBSEB) 66KV INPUT

11046762.66

20,715

20,655

1,573

01-DEC-03 09:45 *

135

60

121

16-DEC-03 10:30

0.72

1.10

90.8 %

61.6 %

105.3 %

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
Detailed Operational Summary-Report 1
Peak Demand ( Non-Coincident)
Voltage
Level

Base Demand (Non-coincident)

Appare
nt
(kVA)

Active
(kW)

Reactive
(kVAr)

Date &
Time

Apparent
(kVA)

Active
(kW)

Reactive
(kVAr)

Date & Time

BARRACKPORE

47,382

40,480

24,626

09-DEC03 18:00

15,999

12,469

10,024

06-Dec-03, 02:30

Barrackpore 33/ 6
KV S/S

7,922

6,732

4,176

09-DEC03 18:00

2274

1608

1608

06-Dec-03, 15:00

6 KV

GUSHIPAR
A

2,304

1,968

1,248

03-DEC03 18:00

672

480

480

17-DEC-03, 04:30

6 KV

KALIA
NIWAS

1,836

1,584

864

02-DEC03 19:30

36

36

06-DEC-03, 14:00

6 KV

MANIRAMP
UR

1,404

1,152

756

02-DEC03 18:00

504

396

288

28-DEC-03, 09:30

6 KV

SUKANTA
SADAN

2,544

2,112

1,392

09-DEC03 18:00

48

48

06-DEC-03, 14:30

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
Detailed Operational Summary:Report 2
Factors
Voltage
Level

Supply Reliability

Load
Factor

Diversity
Factor

Avarage
Availability

BARRACKPORE

0.59

1.16

Barrackpore 33/6 KV S/S

0.51

6 KV

GUSHIPARA

6 KV

Voltage Conditions

Interruptions

Lowest
Voltage

Highest
Voltage

Power
failures
(No
voltage)

No load /
Low load
(<1% of
peak)

92.2 %

24

1.03

99.7 %

0.57

NA

99.3 %

91.7 %

113.7 %

KALIA NIWAS

0.52

NA

100.0 %

91.7 %

113.7 %

6 KV

MANIRAMPUR

0.60

NA

100.0 %

91.7 %

111.8 %

6 KV

SUKANTA
SADAN

0.34

NA

99.5 %

91.7 %

111.8 %

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
ATC Loss For Bhatpara E/S For The Month Of December,2003
Name of
Name of Source Sub-Station
Supply
(B)

(C)

Name of 11 KV
Feeder

Input of
11KV
Feeder at
33/11 SS

Bulk
Billed

(D)

(E)

(F)

%ge
Input to Gr.
Sharing of Supply in
Feeder
MU.
(G)

H=(E-F)xG

C.E.S.C. 5 No. Off Take Point 5 No. Off Take Point

639740

38678

40

0.240

C.E.S.C. 3 No. Off Take Point 3 No. Off Take Point

Bhatpara
E.S.
Chord road 33/11 kV
Mandrail

326382

100

0.326

1207056

2365

80

0.964

490978

33762

40

0.183

Chord road 33/11 kV

Mondalpara

Total

WBSEB

1.713

L&MV Consumer
Billed in
MU

Collected ATC Loss

in MU

(J)

(K)

1.274

1.113

1.274

1.113

L=(H-K)
X100/H

35.04

EMC

Energy Audit
Computation Of Reliability Index of 11kV/6.6kV/6kV
Feeders for the month of November,2003 under WBSEB.
S.No. Name of Zone

Upto
80%

>80%

>85%

>90%

>95%

>98%

100%

Total

Kolkata

80

10

28

99

295

36

552

Berhampore

32

30

61

135

266

Burdwan

20

14

46

97

196

Midnapur

15

11

51

107

200

Siliguri

20

11

32

59

112

243

Total:::

167

17

44

115

316

746

52

1457

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
Report on Loading of Transformer and high-loss lines
HIGHER LOADING TRANSFORMERS
Substation Name

Transformer

From : 01/12/2003 To 31/12/2003

kVA
Capacity

Loading (%)

M3

Transformer-1

5000

68.85

Narayanpur

Transformer-4

5000

67.16

Narayanpur

Transformer-3

5000

66.77

Chandiberia

Transformer-1

6300

65.62

Chandiberia

Transformer-2

6300

64.81

M3

Transformer-2

5000

61.89

M3

Transformer-3

6300

60.94

Bagjola

Transformer-1

6300

60.31

M1

Transformer-2

6300

58.96

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
LINES HAVING HIGH LOSS PER KM
To Node

Conductor
Name

Voltage

Line Length Energy Loss Energy Loss Voltage Drop Voltage Drop
(km)
(kWh)
(kWh/k
Per
Per Phase/km
m)
Phase
(kV)

Tapping at Agarpara 2
DOG

33

4.9

99034.4

20211.1

0.66

0.69%

Tapping at Agarpara 1

DOG

33

6.9

96470.13

13981.18

0.77

0.57%

Abdalpur in

DOG

33

5.3

54756.95

10331.5

0.48

0.47%

Tapping at Agarpara 2

DOG

33

18123.89

9061.95

0.17

0.45%

Chandiberia in

DOG

33

2.35

13040.88

5549.31

0.17

0.39%

GolaSodepur in

DOG

33

1.83

8492.34

4640.63

0.12

0.35%

Sazirhat2

DOG

33

4.16

18628.69

4478.05

0.26

0.34%

Narayanpur in1

DOG

33

5.8

21009.98

3622.41

0.26

0.24%

M2 in

XLPE 3x300

33

2.1

5875.61

2797.91

0.05

0.12%

Belghoria in

DOG

33

3.1

8041.41

2594

0.14

0.24%

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit
Sample study : ATC Loss computations
From the Division Level report from this project for Month of
December 03 & DCC billing/ collection Data a sample exercise
was carried out :
Div Name
Barrackpore

Input
Energy(MU)
19.30

Collected
Unit(MU)
15.70

Bidhannagar-I

16.706

16.29

2.44

Bidhannagar-II

19.13

12.13

36.58

WBSEB

ATC Loss
(%)
18.66

EMC

Energy Audit

Features for Energy Accounting

Meter reading at same time, hence

proper accounting
Electronic meters with real time clock

Remote Meter Reading

Eliminates errors in meter reading
Reduce meter reading time and efforts
Platform for the automatic energy
accounting systems

WBSEB

EMC

Energy Audit

Benefits:
To WBSEB
Accurate and timely energy accounting and MIS
For each Zone, Circle, Division, Substation
Energy sent out from feeders
Analysis of data gathered by the scheme will help to formulate further
action plan to reduce losses
Regular (monthly) monitoring of the System
Data acquisition for regulatory purposes
Load management, Forecasting, Demand side management etc.
Paving grounds for detailed audits for 11 kV and below
Reduction of ATC losses

To Consumer
Clearer insight into voltage conditions and causes
Better service in the long run
Increased confidence in Utility

WBSEB

EMC

WBSEB

EMC