Professional Documents
Culture Documents
ADITI MISHRA
DIVYA PANDEY
AMBUJ TIWARI
KARTIK DUBEY
(1105421007)
(1105421041)
(1105421013)
(1105421054)
PROJECT CO-ORDINATOR
MR. ABHISHEK SRIVASTAV
( ASSISTANCE PROFESSOR )
INTRODUCTION
The aim of this project is four quadrant speed control of DC
motor .
Motor is operated in four quadrant i.e; clockwise , counter
clockwise, instantaneous forward brake and instantaneous
reverse brake.
Speed of DC motor is directly proportional to the DC
voltage across its terminals .
Speed of DC motor is controlled by controlling DC voltage
and by pulse width modulation.
MAIN COMPONENTS
1. Micro switch
2. Microcontroller
3. Motor driver
4. DC motor
5. Step down transformer
6. Bridge rectifier
COMPONENTS DISCRIPTION
MICROSWITCH: A micro switch, also know as snap-action
switch is a generic term used to refer to an electric switch.
MICROCONTROLLER: The microcontroller used here is a
common 8-bit Atmel microcontroller.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
Speed control of DC motor can be done by various ways:
Direction of the motor can be controlled by controlling the
polarity of current flowing through it.
Speed of motor is controlled by DC voltage applied across its
terminals.
PWM wave can be used to control the speed of DC motor.
Ia
Ra
Va
Ra
Va
Ea
Va < Ea
Ea
Va > Ea
Forward Breaking
Forward Motoring
Reverse Motoring
Reverse Breaking
Ia
Ia
Ra
Va
Ea
Va > Ea
Ra
Va
Ea
Va < Ea
Torqe
BLOCK DIAGRAM
MICROSWITCH
A micro switch, also known as snap-action-switch, is a
generic term used to refer to an electric switch.
They are very common due to their low cost and durability,
greater than one million cycles and up to 10 million cycles for
heavy duty models.
Common application of micro switches include the door
interlock on a microwave oven, levelling and safety switches
in elevators, vending machines and to detect paper jams or
other faults in photocopiers.
CPU
RAM ROM
A single chip
I/O
Port
Serial
Timer COM
Port
Microcontroller
PIN DIAGRAM
2K bytes EEPROM Data Memory.
2.7v to 5.5v Operating Range.
256x8 bit Internal RAM.
MOTOR DRIVER
H-bridge is an electronic circuit which enables a voltage to be
applied across a load in either direction.
These circuits are often used in robotics and other application to
allow DC motors to run forwards and backwards.
The motor operating switch:
Vcc
Forward motoring
Forward Breaking
Reverse motoring
Reverse Breaking
ON
Q1
D1
D3
Q3
D2
Q2
OFF
ON
OFF
Q4
D4
ADVANTAGES
It is user friendly.
Safer to use.
Reduces the tome of switching due to automation.
Requires least maintenance.
Can be used in rotor controls.
APPLICATIONS
ROBOTIC CONTROLS.
SWING MACHINES.
ELECTRONIC BIKES.
WINDING MACHINES.
DC OPERATED DRILL MACHINES.
CNC MACHINES.
MOBILE AIR CONDITION FANS.
TOYS.
ELCTRONIC DOOR CONTROLLERS.
CIRCUIT OVERVIEW
CIRCUIT OVERVIEW
CONCLUSION
We have achieved the required speed And also we display
this on LCD display.
Our aim of this project, we have achieved the speed control
of DC motor.
THANK YOU
QUERIES ?