Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Controls
Demand
Controlled Ventilation
Ventilation
Control
Why Ventilation?
Comfort Is More Than Just
The Right Temperature
Comfort =
Temperature + Ventilation
Ventilation
Control
Why Ventilation?
Ventilation
Control
Comfort
Health & Safety
Compliance
Ventilation Provides
Ventilation
Control
How is ventilation
provided in most
buildings today?
The same way it was in 1930.
With Fixed Ventilation!
Ventilation
Control
Fixed Ventilation
Building codes require ventilation rates based
on cfm/person: (typically 20 cfm/person)
Max
Actual
Actual
Occupancy:
Occupancy:
Occupancy:
2515people
person
people===500cfm
500cfm
500cfm
Inefficient!
Ventilation
Control
Ventilation
Ventilation
Control
Fixed Ventilation In a
Multi-Zoned Building
Total cfm = Max occupants X 20 cfm
There Is No Control!
Ventilation
Control
Ventilation
Control
Temperature Control In
A Multi-Zoned Building
Temperature Sensor
Temperature + Ventilation Sensor
Zone
Ventilation
Control
Great Idea!
Delivers
The RIGHT Amount of Fresh Air,
Zone
Ventilation
Control
Controlling Ventilation
There is a clearly defined relationship
between indoor CO2 levels & ventilation rates
established by:
Zone
Ventilation
Control
Zone
Ventilation
Control
Zone
Ventilation
Control
OK!
Carrier DCV
PremierLink
The innovative DDC control system
that automatically gives you the
ventilation you need only when you
really need it, with a thermostat or
network.
Comfort System
Rooftop Controller
Carrier DCV
Heres how it
works
PremierLink
Individual sensors throughout the
building work together to identify
and immediately respond to
changing needs for total comfort
control.
CO2
(People Meters)
Carrier DCV
PremierLink
As certain areas become occupied,
the PremierLink identifies the
changing temperature load as well
as the change in ventilation
requirements.
Carrier DCV
PremierLink
Outside air dampers are utilized
only as deemed necessary by
actual occupant CO2 levels (rather
than maximum assumed levels),
thus reducing energy consumption
by the HVAC system.
Carrier DCV
Timeline
1916
1929
1973
1989
1997
1999
1999
2000
Mechanical
Engineers
Handbook
NY Building
code details
CO2 levels
shall not be
greater than
one part in
one thousand
Energy
crunch
introduce
VAV
system for
commercial
buildings
ASHRAE
Standard
62-89 sets
1000 PPM
maximum
Interpretation
IC-62-1989-27
clarifies use
of CO2 as a
method of
controlling
ventilation
based on
occupancy
ASHRAE
62-99
eliminates
1000 PPM
CO2
threshold
inside/outsid
e differential
introduced
ComfortID
introduced
zone level
DCV
Carrier
introduces
low cost
temp/CO2
sensor
Explains
relationship
between
CO2 and
ventilation
Carrier DCV
Understanding CO2
Carrier DCV
3,000
5 cfm/person
2,500
2,000
1,500
10 cfm/person
15 cfm/person
20 cfm/person
1,000
30 cfm/person
500
0:00
1:00
30 cfm/person
2:00
20 cfm/person
3:00
Time
15 cfm/person
(hours)
4:00
10 cfm/person
5:00
Carrier DCV
This chart
compares
ventilation usage
throughout a
typical day using
purple to represent
demand
controlled and
green to represent
constant. The
difference between
the two equates to
significant savings.
PremierLink Ventilation
Savings
Sensor
Technology
Thermistor
Slide Pot
Option
Sensor
Technology
Target gas absorbs
radiation at
signature
wavelength
Filter isolates
wavelength that
reaches detector
More gas in chamber
leads to lower
signal to detector
IR Source
0 ppm CO2
Wavelength
Filter
IR Detector
IR Source
1000 ppm CO2
Wavelength
Filter
IR Detector
IR Source
2000 PPM CO2
Wavelength
Filter
Sensor
Technology
Advantages of IR
Sensing
Custom Designed
Infrared Filter
Diffusion Membranes
Selective - no
interference with
other gases
Incandescent
Infrared Source
Micro-Machined
Thermopile Detector
1.25"
Patented Waveguide
Microprocessor
Sensor
Technology Self Calibration Of A CO2
Sensor
Automatic Baseline
Calibration (ABC
Logic)
Self calibrating
algorithm
Considers lowest CO2
level every 24 hrs
Looks at long term
changes in
baseline
Applies a correction
factor for
calibration
Zone
Ventilation
Control
CODE COMPLIANCE
Accepted by: ASHRAE Standard 62
Numerous Studies
Confirm That
Correct Ventilation ...
Zone
Ventilation
Control
DOE/Lawrence
Economic
Berkeley
Considerations
Labs
Evaluation
of
of
Berkeley
Labs
Air
Quality
and
Ventilation
DOE/Lawrence
Increases
Productivity
Air
Quality
and
Ventilation
in25)
Offices
(USlist
EPA)
Indoor
Environment
In
Schools
Sick
Leavevery
Statistics
vs. Ventilation
Rates
ranked
high (#2
of
on the
&Improves
Occupant/Customer
(3720
employees
buildings):
Pupils
Health
Performance
In Regard
To
CO2 Concentrations
Improvements
in
the
indoor
air/ 40
environment
substantially
of tenant retention
issues
Satisfaction
employee
moral
andsick
productivity.
A significant
was found
between
decreased
increase
Optimal correlation
ventilation
reduces
time costs.
For every
Zone
Ventilation
Control
Comfort
Health & Safety
Compliance
Zone
Ventilation
Control
A Better Operating
Building
Ventilate to Actual vs.
Assumed Occupancy
Eliminate Wasteful OverVentilation
Very Attractive ROI/Lower
Operating Costs