RATIO

A ratio is a comparison of two numbers

and can be written several ways.
Each of the following are ways to write
the ratio of 3 to 4.

3
4
3/ 4
3: 4
34
3 to 4

 The first term is called antecedent

and
the second term is known as
consequent

If the quantities to be compared

include units, then the units should
be the same if possible.
To find the ratio of 1 ft to 15 in,
express both quantities in inches
and then find the ratio.

1 ft 12in 12 4

15in 15in 15 5

Express each ratio in lowest terms.

6:12 34mft to: 30115cmin

18

6 to 24.5
1
2
4

1. In 1995, 78 women were enrolled in

chemistry at a certain high school while
162 men were enrolled. What was the
ratio of women to men? Men to
women?

2. Gary and Tom win Rs.500 between them.

They agree to divide the money in the ratio
2:3.
How much does each person receive?

 The ratio 2:3 tells us that for every 2 parts Gary receives,
Tom will receive 3 parts. There are 5 parts in total.
Rs.500 represents 5 parts. Therefore, by dividing both
sides by 5, we see that Rs.100 represents 1 part.
Gary receives 2 parts, so Gary receives 2 x Rs.100
= Rs.200
Tom receives 3 parts, so Tom receives 3 x Rs.100
= Rs.300

3. Julie and Suzie also win a sum of money,

which they agree to share in the ratio 5:3.
If Julie receives Rs.15000, how much
money will Suzie receive?

 We know that Julie receives 5 parts, and

that this is equivalent to Rs.15000.
Therefore Rs. 15000 represents 5 parts.

Rs.3000 (Rs.15000 divided by 5)

represents one part.
Suzie receives 3 parts, so Suzie will
receive 3 X Rs.3000 = Rs.90.

4. A necklace is made using gold beads and

silver beads in the ratio 3:2.
If there are 80 beads in the necklace:
a) How many are gold?
b) How many are silver?

 Gold : Silver = 3:2, so there are 5 parts

altogether.
80 5 = 16, so 1 part represents 16
beads.
a) Gold = 3 x 16 = 48 beads
b) Silver = 2 x 16 = 32 beads

5. Methane is a compound consisting

of 1 : 4 ratio of carbon and hydrogen
atoms.
(a) If a sample of methane contains 1565
atoms, how many carbon and hydrogen
atoms are present?
(b) Can a sample of methane contain a
total of 1566 atoms?

 This is different from the last problem

because we are given the total number of
atoms instead of the amount present of
one of them.
What do we know?
carbon + hydrogen = 1565

Let's cross multiply this proportion as usual to get:

4 carbon = hydrogen.
So, we can substitute 4 carbons in for the
hydrogen in the first equation:
carbon + 4 carbon = 1565
or, 5 carbon = 1565
So, carbon = 313.
Therefore, what's left must be hydrogen: 1565 313 = 1252.

A rate is a comparison of two

quantities that have different units
that do not cancel out. A unit rate is
one in which the denominator is 1.
Rates are often written using a slash
(/) which is read per.
Examples:

50 miles per hour = 50mi/h(mph)

32 miles per gallon = 32mi/gal(mpg)
20 dollars per hour = $20/h

Express each rate in lowest terms.

360
gallons
150
miles
$36
18
3 acres
3 gallons
4

3h

Unit
A unit price, or unit rate, is the ratio of
price to the number of units.

Suppose 12 gallons of pesticide

concentrate are used on 28 acres.
Find the rate of application in
gallons per acre.

12 gal 3
gal / ac
28ac 7

Over a period of 5 h, 1200 cc of a

drug will be administered
intravenously. How many cubic
centimeters per minute is this?
3

1200cm 1200cm
3

4cm / min
5h
300 min

THANK YOU