DISASTER MANAGEMENT

PRESENTED BY :
Bhavya Joshi

WHAT IS DISASTER MANAGEMENT?

Disaster Management :
disaster management) is the discipline of dealing with and
avoiding risks. It is a discipline that involves preparing,
supporting, and rebuilding society when natural or humanmade disasters occur.

Why We Need
Disaster Management?
For Early Warning
To foreseeing future disasters
To Take prevention methods on reliable

information
To prohibit Natural disaster occurrence
sources.

 Hospitals are overwhelmed on the event of

disaster.

TYPES OF DISASTERS
Natural Disaster
Manmade Disaster

A natural disaster is a consequence when a

natural calamity affects humans and/or the
built environment.
Example- earthquakes, flood, etc.
Manmade disasters are those which are caused
due to human intervene.
Example- building collapse

NATURAL DISASTERS

Cyclones

Tsunami
s

volcanos

Earth quakes

NATURAL DISASTERS
Cyclones-An atmospheric system characterized by the
rapid inward circulation of air masses about a lowpressure center, usually accompanied by stormy, often
destructive weather.
volcano- is an opening, or rupture, in a planet's surface
or crust, which allows hot magma, volcanic ash and gases to
escape from below the surface.
Earthquake- (also known as a quake, tremor or temblor)
is the result of a sudden release of energy in
the Earth's crust that creates seismic waves.

Tsunami- A tsunami is a series of water waves

caused by the displacement of a large volume of
a body of water, typically an ocean .

For some natural disasters like

floods and volcanos, advance
warning may be there ; for other
like earthquake and tsunamis
,there is no warnings!!!

Man-made Disasters

Industrial accident

chemical plant explosion

Building collapse

Terror attack

Chemical plant explosion- A release of mechanical, chemical, or

nuclear energy in a sudden and often violent manner with the
generation of high temperature and usually with the release of
gases. Example- 14 people killed in eastern China chemical plant
explosion .
Industrial disasters which are disasters caused by industrial
companies, either by accident, negligence or incompetence.
They are a form of industrial accident where great damage,
injury or loss of life are caused. Example Bhopal Gas Tragedy

Structural failure (BUILDING COLLAPSE) Refers to loss of

the load-carrying capacity of a component or member within
a structure or of the structure itself. Example- Tay Rail Bridge
collapse when a train passed over it.

Act of terrorism - the calculated use of violence (or the threat of

violence) against civilians in order to attain goals that are political or
religious in nature; this is done through instilling fear.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT CYCLE

PRE-DISASTER
DURING DISASTER

1. Preparedness:
A set of warning systems should be thought
of, so that people are warned to take safety
measures. Thus, more loss of life and

property can be avoided. The warning

systems may include: radio, television,
loudspeakers, personal messages, beating of
drums, bells, etc.
The people must be educated to cope with a
disaster. They should be taught to keep a
survival kit.

2. Response:
People should be informed of the disaster in time to

avoid its serious consequences.

Emergency contact and operation centres should be
opened.
Help the injured and the needy.
Involve local people at all levels of activities.
Temporary shelters should be provided for the
affected.
Medical camps should be set up.
Rescue teams should be deployed to look for those
who are missing.

3. Rehabilitation:
Essential services such as providing drinking water,

transport, electricity, etc, should be restored.

The people should be taught how to follow healthy
and safety measures.
The victims should be provided with temporary
accomodation, financial assistance and employment
opportunities.
Those who have lost their family members should be
consoled.
If there is a danger of epidemics, vaccination
programme should be undertaken.

4. Prevention:
The land use has to be so planned as to reduce the

loss of life and property.

Buildings should not be constructed in risk zones.
Mobilizing support of different coordinating
agencies such as the local government, voluntary
organisation , the insurance companies, etc, to
ensure co-ordination at the time of a disaster.
All buildings should be earthquake and landslide
resistant.
The local community should be involved in making
and implementing safety norms.

ELEMENTS AT RISK..
People
Livestock
Rural Housing Stock
Houses Vulnerable
Crops, Trees, Telephone
Boats, Looms
Personal Property
Electricity, Water and Food
Supplies
Infrastructure Support

AIMS OF DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Reduce (Avoid, if possible) the potential losses from

hazards.
Assure prompt and appropriate assistance to victims when

necessary.
Achieve rapid and durable recovery.

People : Individuals, House -Holds,

Volunteers
Gram Panchayat : Sarpanch, Panchayati
Secretary, Panchayati Members
Village Elders : Caste/Community/Religious
Leaders, Teachers, Doctors, Engineers,
Retired Army & Police Personnel
Govt. Deptl. Officers : Agriculture, Medical,
Engineers (Housing, Roads & Buildings,
Irrigation) Revenue Department, Public
Health, Police etc. NGOs