One Data & One Map

NATIONAL GAZETTEER
IN THE AGE OF BIG (TOPONYM) DATA
Aji Putra Perdana
INDONESIA

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Pusat Pemetaan Rupabumi dan Toponim

Badan Informasi Geospasial

BIODATA

Aji Putra Perdana, S.Si, M.Sc.

Pusat Pemetaan Rupabumi dan Toponim, Badan Informasi Geospasial (BIG)

Pendidikan:

S1: Geografi pengkhususan Kartografi dan Penginderaan Jauh, Fakultas Geografi,

Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.

S2: Geografi, Fakultas Geografi, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta.

aji.putra@big.go.id

4
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One Data & One Map

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TOPOGRAPHIC
BASE MAP

a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
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garis pantai;
Hipsografi (informasi ketinggian);
perairan;
nama rupabumi;
batas wilayah;
transportasi dan utilitas;
bangunan dan fasilitas umum; dan
penutup lahan.
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KERANGKA KONTROL PEMETAAN, JALAN

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KERANGKA KONTROL PEMETAAN, JALAN, TUTUPAN LAHAN

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KERANGKA KONTROL PEMETAAN, JALAN, PENUTUP LAHAN,

FASUM

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KERANGKA KONTROL PEMETAAN, JALAN, PENUTUP LAHAN,

FASUM, TOPONIM

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TOPONYM
SURVEY IN
TOPOGRAPHIC
MAPPING
ACTIVITIES

Photo Album
of Field Work

Gazettteer

Building Toponym
GeoDatabase

Data Entry

Field Survey (Toponym, Administrative Boundary,

Identification of Building and Land Cover, etc)

Manuscript Map

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place

TOPONYMS?

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Toponyms (place names) often directly reect spatial patterns of languages, dialects,
and ethnicity, and may offer insights into the history, habitat, spatial and
environmental perceptions of a certain culture (Jett1997).

Geographers and others have long used toponyms to provide clues as to the
historical and cultural heritage of particular places and even large regions (e.g.,
McDavid 1958; Rickard 1968; Gelling1988; Kashif 2001),

because place names may survive long after a culture has vanished, thereby
preserving traces of the past. The naming of places is also an integral aspect of the
relationship between place and the politics of identity and power, as toponyms are
often used by the authorities to promote their own ideological and political objectives
(e.g.,Cohen and Kliot 1992; Myers 1996; Horsman 2006;

TOPONYMS: DEFINITION
Dr. Andri Hernandi & Dr. Rizqi Abdulharis, 2014

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TOPONYM REFERS TO YOGYAKARTA

GEOMORPHOLOGICAL FENOMENA (SUNARTO, 2012)

Ngemplak, Ngentak : putting beliung (hurricance); di dusun Randu sari,

Randu pogog, Randu suruh (randu Ceiba pentandra refers to drought
environment)

Gelap, Samberan, Meyungan : petir (storm). Bulak, large and dry areas, mass
air convection, the areas has a lot of storm.

Gunungtugel : longsor lahan (mass wasting, subsidence). Ngampon, ampo,

clay, a lot of springs, water saturation, mass wasting hazard

Patuk : gempa bumi (earth quake), pengkolan, sesar, faults

Banyumulek (putaran air) : fluvial, marine turbulence disaster

Ngoroorodowo : kekeringan (drought)

Blitar : banjir lahar volcanik (pyroclastik flow), bali dadi latar, become lahar
flow, lava flow, renewed by volcanic new eruptions
Hartono, 2014

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Why

Gazetteers?

- 80% of data contains geospatial information

- geospatial data utilises spatial identifiers to distinguish between real world features
described by the data

- gazetteers are indexes of spatial identifiers

As a consequence, it is proposed that gazetteers can be used to achieve interoperability

between disparate systems.

UNSDI Gazetteer for Social

Protection in Indonesia

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Tim Nasional dan

Pemangku
Kepentingan
Daerah

Usulan Gasetir
VERIFIKASI/
VALIDASI
Akurasi Koordinat dan
Daftar Sementara Nama

Tim Teknis dan

Tim Pakar

KONSULTASI PAKAR

Tim Surveyor dan

Tim Teknis

OFFICE TREATMENT
(pengolahan data hasil survei)

Akurasi Koordinat
dan
Daftar Usulan
Nama

TOPONYM VERIFICATION AND VALIDATION BY TIMNAS AND PPNR

PROVINCE, COUNTY/CITY

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INDONESIAN GAZETTEER

BIG GAZETTEER TO SUPPORT

NATIONAL GAZETTEER
TIMNAS
Toponym
Data (Island
Names and
Administrative
Names)

BIG Toponym
Database
(GeoNames
from
Topographic
Map scale
1:25.000 or
1:50.000)

Peta RBIFundamental
Dataset- IGD

BIG
Toponymic
Geodatabase

NATIONAL
GAZETTEER

GEOGRAPHICAL
NAMES

Toponym
Data on
Topo Map
(scale
1:10.000,
1:25.000,
1:50.000 and
1:250.000)

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Validated
Toponymic
Data

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Verified
Toponymic
Data

Gazetteer -- Books

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REGIONAL MAP AND GAZETTEER UNGEGN ASEPSW

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Borderless (global) problems needs common gazetteers standardization

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Every country should construct a gazetteer of geographical names.

The National Gazetteer is an officially approved and standardized set of information
about geographical names which is the sole authority for all official documents.
It provides the correct name and its spelling for all parties, government, the public,
the mass media, school book publishers and map makers.

NATIONAL GAZETTEER
(Multamia RMT Lauder and Allan F Lauder, 2014)

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National Gazetteer
the opportunities and challenges
of
Indonesian
National
Gazetteer or InaGeoNames in
the age of Big (Toponym) Data
as part of 'One Map Policy'

global effort
social media
ina-sdi
Cloud
Computing

ina-sdi

Geo-ICT
cloud computing

national SDI
geoportal
national library
imagery

NATIONAL
GAZETTEER
data & framework

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ISLAND NAMES AND

THE NAMES OF PREFECTURES

(ADMINISTRATIVE AREAS)

Island Names

The names of prefectures (administrative areas)

At the end of the year 2011 the work on

verifying and validating on administrative area
names all over 33 provinces had been finished,
that include over 399 kabupaten/regencies, 98
kota/municipalities, and 6693
kecamatan/districts.

Natural Geographical Names

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This stage have been conducted, such as

surveyed (2005-2007), verified and standardized
(2007-2008), as much as 13,466 islands, and
adopted to be listed in the National Gazetteer.
Concurrently a Government Gazette will be
produced with the gazetteer as attachment
for enforcement to the public at large.

For the standardization of natural geographical

names feature will be implemented starting
from 2012 2014.

Pusat Pemetaan Rupabumi dan Toponim

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IN THE AGE OF BIG (TOPONYM) DATA

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IPHONE VS HP
ANDROID
BERDASARKAN
GEOTAGGED
TWEETS
Washington, DC:
Merah: pengguna Iphone
Hijau: pengguna Android

developed by Gnip, MapBox

PENGGUNA
BLACKBERRY
New York City:
Merah: pengguna Iphone
Hijau: pengguna Android
Ungu: pengguna Blackberry

developed by Gnip, MapBox

BLACKBERRY
DI JAKARTA
Jakarta:
Merah: pengguna Iphone
Hijau: pengguna Android
Ungu: pengguna Blackberry

developed by Gnip, MapBox

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GAZETTEER FRAMEWORK SPATIAL IDENTIFIER

REFERENCE FRAMEWORK
BIG, INDONESIA CSIRO, AUSTRALIA

to build an indexed gazetteer classified toponym into

verified, official, unofficial, not yet gazette, or to be verified.
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SOP
Updating
Toponym
data
from
unofficial
data

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In the age of Big (Toponym) Data there is a big need to use a

single 'official gazetteer' as reference for 'georeferencing'
volunteered Big Geo-Data, user generated content or
unstructured textual words and phrases.

On the other hand, to accelerate the toponym data collection

should be analyze the possibility of the use Volunteered
Geospatial Information or any Big (Toponym) Data as
crowdsource gazetteer some novel approaches have to be
done.

CONCLUDING REMARKS
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Terima Kasih

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