Nayomi Ranamuka

Overview

Introduction
Network gateway
What is a VOIP Gateway ?
VOIP Gateway protocols and codecs
How does a VOIP Gateway work?
Convergence with VOIP Gateway
Types of VOIP Gateway
Media Gateway Controller
Signaling Gateway
Factors to purchase a gateway
Standard VoIP gateway Configurations
Examples of VOIP gateways
Summary

VOIP Gateway

 VOIP allows
cheap phone call , call conferencing , voice mail over the internet
Some VoIP service providers offer
live broadcasts of radio shows and sports events
Components of a VoIP network
User agents
Gateways
Proxy servers

Selecting the right gateway is a crucial

Understanding the role VoIP gateway is very important
VOIP Gateway

1.

PC to PC

Need a pc with sound card

IP telephony software

2.

PC to phone

Need a gateway that connects IP network to phone network

( Router to PBX )
VOIP Gateway

(3) Phone to Phone

Need more gateways that connect IP network to phone network

Ip network could be Internet or dedicated intranet

VOIP Gateway

 It is a network point that acts as an entrance to another network

A gateway links two systems that do not use the same:

Communication protocols
Data formatting structures

Languages
, Architecture

It can be implemented in software, hardware, or as a combination of both

Ex:- Electronic mail gateways(X.400 gateway)
receive messages in one format, and then translate it
and forward in X.400 format used by the receiver, and vice versa.

VOIP Gateway

 Act as conversion interface between PSTN and an IP network

This device converts voice and fax calls, in real time, between the public
switched telephone network (PSTN) and an IPnetwork

The primary functions of a VoIP gateway include

voice and fax compression/decompression
packetization
call routing
control signaling

VOIP Gateway

 Media gateways, also commonly referred to as VoIP gateways

Users on a VoIP network can't make or receive calls
to and from "outsiders" with traditional phone lines without gateway.
There are
VoIP-to-GSM(Mobile communication ) gateways
and VoIP-to-CDMA(Code-Division Multiple Access ) gateways
that route VoIP calls directly for GSM or CDMA

VOIP Gateway

 Codec ( coder decoder ) :Software or hardware that converts analog signals to digital form
and signals from digital to analog form
It also determines
sound quality and bandwidth required to send the packet

If a user doesnt able to hear anything, the application in user side

does not support codec with which data had been coded

VOIP Gateway

 In voice gateways a concept of "codec" supposes

not only coding/decoding algorithms but their hardware realization
The most common voice codecs are:
GSM 13 Kbps
iLBC 15 Kbps
G .711 64 Kbps
G. 722 4 8 / 56 / 64 Kbps
G. 726 - 16 / 24 / 32 / 40 Kbps
G. 728 - 16 Kbps
G. 729 - 8 Kbps

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 A VoIP protocol determines

how your voice packet is transported across a network
A VoIP gateway will typically support a single protocol

Most common VoIP protocols

SIP (Session Initiation Protocol)

Used and supported
by the vast majority of VoIP phone systems and services
SCCP (Cisco Skinny Client Control Protocol)
Used by Ciscos Call Manager and IP phones.
MGCP an older VoIP protocol
H.323 an older VoIP protocol
But is no longer widely used and or supported both MGCP & H.323
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 Make sure your VoIP gateway supports

the same protocols and codecs
that your VoIP service and or VoIP phone system support
If youre the responsible person,
for the set-up, installation and maintenance of a VoIP gateway you will
want to further your knowledge in the area of protocols and codecs.

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If the voice traffic is originating from the PSTN

VoIP gateway convert analog voice signal into a digital signal
This digital signal is then compressed using a codec
Then broken into a series of packets
to transfer across the IP network using a signaling protocol

PSTN

IP Voice

VOIP
Gateway

IP Network

Protocol conversion

Voice compression
Packetization

PBX:- a private telephone network used within an enterprise

PBX
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If the voice traffic is originating from an IP network

VoIP gateway decompress the digital packets into a digital signal
Then converted into an analog signal
to be sent across the PSTN
PSTN
IP Voice

IP Network

VOIP Gateway
Protocol conversion
Voice decompression

PBX
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 VOIP Gateway receive outbound phone calls and determines

that the outgoing calls to the internet or to the PSTN depending call type

VOIP Gateway receive inbound phone calls and determines

that the incoming calls to the PABX, IP Phone or to another VOIP Gateway

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 There are two main types of gateways

Analog gateway
Digital gateway
Analog Gateway

Used to connect
PSTN to a VoIP phone system or VoIP phone system to the PSTN

Due to this dual purpose

an analog VoIP gateway comes in two different forms fxs - fxo

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 FXS gateway
A FXS gateway is used to connect
your PSTN to a VoIP phone system.

FXO gateway
An FXO gateway is used to connect
your VoIP phone system to your PSTN lines.

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 Used to connect traditional PBX system to an IP network

PSTN
PSTN

VoIP Gateway
IP Voice

IP Network

Ethernet
PPP
Frame Relay
ATM

Analog and digital gateways both do the same thing

The difference between an analog and a digital VoIP gateway
are the interfaces uses to connect to various solution
components
VOIP Gateway

PBX
PBX

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 Receives signaling information (like dialed digits) from the Media Gateway
and can inform it to alert the called party, to send and receive voice data

Protocols between MGC and Media Gateway:

SGCP, IPDC, SS7, H.323,SIP,MGCP and Megaco(also known as H.248)

A media gateway controller is sometimes called as

call agent, call controller, or softswitch

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 A network device that converts control signals from one format to another

SS7:- (Signaling System 7) The protocol used in PSTN

SIGnaling TRANsport :An IP telephony protocol that is used
to transfer SS7 signals over IP networks
Ex:- SIGTRAN signaling gateway converts
SS7 signals of the PSTN to SIGTRAN for transport over IP

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VOIP Gateway

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 Call load

Make sure the gateway you select can handle

the volume of VoIP calls that will need to go through it
VoIP protocol support
Gateway must support the protocol used by your network's VoIP system

Compatibility
Should have compatible ports with those on your private branch
exchange (PBX) equipment.
Cost
Price depend on type, brand, features, and capacity.
You want the best VoIP gateway solution that fits your budget and meets
your needs.

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 FXS / FXO Gateway :

4 port

8 port

16 port

24 port

48 port

Digital gateways : 1T1, 2T1, 4T1

1E1, 2E1, 4E1
1BRI, 2BRI, 4BRI

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 Motorola
Provides traditional, advanced, and wireless VoIP gateways designed
to work with broadband Internet connections.

Mediatrix
Can connect to traditional PBX systems as well as IP PBX, with both
analog and digital gateways

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 NovaTec

Provide VoIP-to-GSM gateways

Hypermedia
Offers the CDMA Gateway Series
for connecting IP PBX devices with CMDA cellular networks.

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 Cisco AS5300/Voice Gateway

The Cisco AS5300 is an dialup remote access server and voice-over-IP (VoIP)
gateway.
When equipped with voice feature cards (VFCs) and voice-enabled Cisco
IOS software,
the AS5300 supports carrier-class VoIP and fax over IP services

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Understanding the role VoIP gateway is very important

Network gateway is a network point that acts as an entrance to another
network
VOIP Gateway act as conversion interface between PSTN and an IP network
You should have a knowledge in the area of protocols and codecs
Two main types of gateways are analog gateway & digital gateway
A media gateway controller is called as call agent, call controller, or
softswitch.
Signaling gateway converts control signals from one format to another
Factors to purchase a gateway are call load, voip protocol support,
compatibility & cost

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References
www.wikipedia.org
www.voipsupply.com
www.voip-info.org
www.roseindia.net
www.3cx.com

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Any Questions ?

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Thank You..

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