INTRODUCTION

(History, Characteristic, Model, Term,

Meaning of International Law)

Cekli Setya Pratiwi, SH.,LL.M.

Content
1. History and International Law
Development
2. Int Law Characteristic
3. Int Law Model
4. Terms of Int Law
5. Meaning of Int Law
6. Relation between Int Law and National
Law

1. History and Int Law Development

Classic Int Law

4000 SM
Relation between individual
Relation between nations
The object of relation was
simple
The form of community
was as city states for
example in Italy:

Modern Int Law

-

After 20- now

Relation between the Int Law
subjects (i.e. State, Int
Organization, Individual)
The object of relation is more
complex
The form of community is state
and a kind of state such as
belligerent, Liberalization
Movement

HI Modern ditandai dengan:

Perjanjian Perdamaian Wesphalia (1618- 1648)

Konperensi Perdamaian (1856) dan Konperensi Jenewa (1864),

Konferensi Den Haag (1899).

The development of League of Nations

PD II

The development of International Arbitrate

PD I ---- Perjanjian Versailles

The end of Thirty Yaers War in Europe

Separation between state and churce
Based on National interest
The relation between state is coordinate
France Rev. And America Rev.

The development of United Nations Organition

Perjanjian Briand Kellocg Pact (1928) : War do not allow to be

used as a way to gain national interest.

2. Int Law Characteristic

The rule of molarilty
Do not have legislative
body
Do not have judicative
body
Do not have executive
body
Sanctions do not exist

International Law
Law is not always made by
legislative body (i.e.
Internasional),
General Assembly of
United Nations mostly act
as legislative body
There are Int Court of
Justice, Int Criminal Court,
Int Arbitrate that act as
judicative body
There is a Security Council
that act as Int Police
Embargo does exist

John Austin opinion??

Every law or rule (Taken with largest
signification which can be given to term
properly) is command
1. HI bukan hukum dalam arti yang
sebenarnya :Properly so called
2. HI segolongan dengan :
The Laws for honor, The Laws set
by fashion, sebagai Rules of positive
morality

Discussion
Do you agree with John Austin
opinion regarding to International
Law mentioned above?

3. Int Law Model

General Int Law
Specific Int Law
Regional Int Law

Int Law
World Law

Int Public Law

Int Privat Law

4. Terms of Int Law

Romawi
: Ius Gentium, Ius Inter Gentes
Indonesia
: Hk. Bangsa-bangsa, Hk. Antar
Bangsa, Hk. Antar Negara, Hukum Internasional
English
: International Law, common
Law, Law of mankind, Law of Nation,
Transnational Law (Inggris).
France
: Droit de gens
Ducth
: Voelkenrecht.
Germany
: Woelkrrecht.

Discussion
Why the used of International Law
term is better that the used of Law
of nation?

5. Meaning of Int Law

Pandangan klasik
: system
Hk. yang mengatur hubungan negaranegara.
b. Prof. Hyde
:
sekumpulan hukum, yang sebagaian
besar terdiri dari asas-asas dan
peraturan-peraturan tingkah laku yang
mengikat negara-negara, karena itu
biasanya ditaati dalam hubungan
negara-negara satu sama lain.
c. J.L. Brierly[
:
himpunan kaidah-kaidah dan asasasas tindakan yang mengikat bagi
negara-negara beradab dalam
hubungan mereka satu sama liannya.
d. Oppenheim
:
International law is the name of the
body of customary and treaty rules
which are of considered legally binding
by states in their intercourse which
each other.

e. Max Rosense
:International law is a strict term
of art, connoting that system of law
whose primary function it is to regulate
the relation of stateswhic one another
.
G. Schwarzenberger
:
International law is the body of legal
rules binding upon sovereign state and
such other en tities as have been
granted International personality.
f. Prof. Dr. Mochtar Kusumaatmadja,
SH.,L.L.M.
: keseluruhan kaidahkaidah dan asas-asas yang mengatur
hubungan atau persoalan yang
melintasi batas- batas negara antara:
NEGARA dengan NEGARA;
NEGARA dengan SUBYEK
HUKUM LAIN BUKAN NEGARA;
SUBYEK HUKUM BUKAN
NEGARA satu dengan YANG
LAIN.

Discussion
Can you make a definition of
International Law on your own
words?