Muhammad Amirul Hadi Bin Azmi 1216837

Muhammad Hazman Bin Mohtar 1122833

Today's vehicles have become highly complex

sophisticated electronic control systems and the
majority of innovations have been solely achieved
through electronics and the use of advanced sensors. A
range of technologies have been used over the past
twenty years including silicon microengineering, thick
film, capacitive, variable reluctance, optical and radar.
The automotive sensor market continues to grow with
respect to vehicle production level in recognition of the
transition to electronically controlled electrically
actuated systems. The environment for these sensors
continues to be increasingly challenging with respect to
robustness, reliability, quality and cost.

coolant temperature sensor is confined to the

engine of a vehicle.
measures the temperature of the vehicles
engine coolant.
detects the temperature of this coolant and
feeds this information back in the form of an
electrical current to the engine electronic
control unit (ECU)

 is similar to a thermistor
change in electrical resistance will be
a direct product of a change in the
temperature to a wire carrying a
current.

The MAP sensor is a pressure sensor

Provides instantaneous manifold pressure
information to the engine's ECU
The computer uses the voltage to decide if
the throttle is open and how far, so it can
adjust
This sensor is to control how much air intake
for the engine combustion.

Ultrasonic sensors bounce sound waves off obstacles, using

the echo time to indicate how far away they are. A speaker
in the car bleeps increasingly frantically as they get closer.
Pros of ultrasonic parking sensors
The cheapest form of parking aid
Sensors detect objects even when the car is stationary.

Cons of ultrasonic parking sensors

Ultrasonic sensors can miss smaller or narrow objects, and
inclines can deflect the sound waves a steep ramp.

Electromagnetic parking sensors

Electromagnetic parking sensors create an invisible electromagnetic field
around the cars bumper, any objects entering it trigger a warning sound.
Pros of electromagnetic parking sensors
Electromagnetic sensors are mounted inside the bumper, so there's no
need for drilling.
Cons of electromagnetic parking sensors
Electronic parking sensors are more expensive
Electromagnetic sensors only detect objects once the car has started
moving.

The transmission have a few of sensors in it

part:
1. Dual Clutch Position Sensor

Functions:
Measuring piston position of clutch actuator

2. Drive Mode Sensor

Functions:
Measuring drive mode position (PRND) inside the gearbox

3.Gear and Shift Sensor

Application:
Automated Manual Transmission (AMT)
Functions:
Measuring gear and shift position
4.Gear Fork Position Sensor

Application:
Dual Clutch Position
Functions:
Measuring gear fork position

An Antilock Brake System sensor is a device that monitors the

rotational velocity of a wheel on a car or truck.
ABS sensor readings are also used in cars equipped with traction and
electronic stability control (ESC) systems. For traction control, they
detect wheel spin, and reduce engine power to compensate. On cars
with ESC, the computer can apply braking force to one or more
wheels as needed to maintain tire grip in emergency handling
situations.

steering torque and angle sensor is integrated into the electric power steering with two feedbacks
simultaneously:
Steering torque: The sensor records the torsion bar angle required for the steering movement

Steering angle: The sensor measures the angle and speed of change in the position of the steering
wheel

Advantages:

Modular sensor design for all electric power steering (EPS)

Absolute angle information for output and input shaft

Ratio metric measuring principle to improve accuracy over total measurement range

Free programmable torque range with up to +/- 8

Intelligent software concept to increase safety

No need for additional steering angle sensor in the steering column

is a sensor used to monitor the throttle

position of a car
The sensor is usually located on the butterfly
spindle/shaft so that it can directly monitor
the position of the throttle

Throttle body