Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Historically, the Ellis and Davey classification of crown fractures is useful in recording the
extent of damage to the crown.7 The following is a modification of their classification (Fig.
21-3):
Class ISimple fracture of the crown involving little or no dentin
Class IIExtensive fracture of the crown involving considerable dentin but not the dental
pulp
Class IIIExtensive fracture of the crown with an exposure of the dental pulp
Class IVLoss of the entire crown
If the patient is seen within an hour or 2 after the injury, if the vital
exposure is small, and if sufficient crown remains to retain a
temporary restoration to support the capping material and prevent the
ingress of oral fluids, the treatment of choice is direct pulp capping
(Fig. 21-7). If the final restoration of the tooth will require the use of
the pulp chamber or the pulp canal for retention, a pulpotomy or a
pulpectomy is the treatment of choice.
The procedure in which only the gross caries is removed from the lesion and the
cavity is sealed for a time with a biocompatible material is referred to as indirect
pulp treatment
The clinical procedure involves removing the gross caries but allowing sufficient
caries to remain over the pulp horn to avoid exposure of the pulp. The walls of the
cavity are extended to sound tooth structure because the presence of carious
enamel and dentin at the margins of the cavity will prevent the establishment of an
adequate seal (extremely important) during the period of repair. The remaining thin
layer of caries in the base of the cavity is covered with a radiopaque biocompatible
base material and sealed with a durable interim restoration
Reference:: McDonalds and Averys, Dentistry for the child and Adolescent, 9th
Edition Chapter 19, page 346
Answer: A
The majority of nitrous oxide is eliminated from a patient's circulatory system through the
A. lungs
B. kidneys.
Answer: A lungs
C. liver enzymes.
D. plasma enzymes.
E. intestinal gas.
Reference:
McDonalds and
Averys,
Dentistry for the
child and
Adolescent,
9th Edition Chapter
14 page 261
A. lingually.
B. facially.
C distally.
D mesially.
Answer A. Lingually