A PRSESNTATION ON

INDUSTRIAL TRAINING FROM BSNL

SUBMITTED BY

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF

MR. DIGVIJAY SINGH CHAUHAN(ECE DEPTT)
MR. BRAJESH TRIPATHI(ECE DEPTT)

BSNL
Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited was formed in year 2000.
It took over the service providers role from DoT. Today, BSNL has a customer
base of over 9 crore.
It is the fourth largest integrated telecom operator in the country.
BSNL is the market leader in Broadband, landline and national transmission network.
BSNL is also the only operator covering over 5 lakh village with telecom connectivity.
Area of operation of BSNL is all India except Delhi & Mumbai.

BSNL SERVICES
Optical Infrastructure and DWDM : BSNL owns the biggest OFC network in India. Also the DWDM
network is one of the biggest in the world. The DWDM equipment purchased in open tender at BSNL
are mainly of United Telecoms Limited ( UTL), which was declared lowest cost in competitive bidding.
Rest DWDM equipment are from Huawei. The SDH equipment's are mainly from Tejas Networks,
Huawei, ZTE, ECI, UT STAR etc.
Market Share : As of 30 November 2013, BSNL had 12.9% market share in India and stands as 5th
Telecom Operator in India and 67% market share in ADSL Services.
Managed Network Services : BSNL is providing complete Telecom Services Solution to the Enterprise
Customers i.e. MPLS Connectivity, Point to Point Leased Lines and Internet Leased Lines .

 Universal Telecom Services : Fixed wireline services and landline in local loop (WLL) using
CDMA Technology called bfone and Tarang respectively. As of 30 June 2010, BSNL had 75%
market share of fixed lines.
Cellular Mobile Telephone Services: BSNL is major provider of Cellular Mobile Telephone
services using GSM platform under the brand name Cell One & Excel (BSNL Mobile). As of 30
June 2010 BSNL has 13.50% share of mobile telephony in the country.[5] It has 95.54 million
customers using BSNL mobile.
WLL-CDMA Telephone Services: BSNL's WLL (Wireless in Local Loop) service is a service
giving both fixed line telephony & Mobile telephony.

 Internet: BSNL provides Internet access services through dial-up connection (as Sancharnet
through 2009) as Prepaid, NetOne as Postpaid and ADSL broadband as BSNL Broadband BSNL
held 55.76% of the market share with reported subscriber base of 9.19 million Internet
subscribers with 7.79% of growth at the end of March 2010.
Top 12 Dial-up Service providers, based on the subscriber base, It Also Provides Online Games
via its Games on Demand (GOD)
Intelligent Network (IN): BSNL offers value-added services, such as Free Phone Service (FPH),
India Telephone Card (Prepaid card), Account Card Calling (ACC), Virtual Private Network
(VPN), Tele-voting, Premium Rae Service (PRM), Universal Access Number (UAN).

 3G: BSNL offers the '3G' or the'3rd Generation' services which includes facilities like video
calling, mobile broadband, live TV, 3G Video portal, streaming services like online full length
movies and video on demand etc.
IPTV: BSNL also offers the 'Internet Protocol Television' facility which enables customers to
watch television through internet.
FTTH: Fiber To The Home facility that offers a higher bandwidth for data transfer. This idea
was proposed on post-December 2009

 V VoIP: BSNL, along with Sai Infosystem - an Information and Communication Technologies
(ICTs) provider - has launched Voice and Video Over Internet Protocol (VVoIP). This will allow
to make audio as well as video calls to any landline, mobile, or IP phone anywhere in the world,
provided that the requisite video phone equipment is available at both ends.
Wi Max: BSNL has introduced India's first 4th Generation High-Speed Wireless Broadband
Access Technology with the minimum speed of 256kbit/s.
BSNL Landline: BSNL Landline is a major role in inda . It number start with prefix "2"

PCM PRINCIPLE
To develop a PCM signal from several analogue signals, the following processing steps are
required
Filtering
Sampling
Quantization
Encoding
Line Coding

FILTERING
Filters are used to limit the speech signal to the frequency band 300-3400 Hz.

SAMPLING
Whenever switch S is closed, an output appears across R. The rate at which S is closed is called
the sampling frequency because during the make periods of S, the samples of the analogue
modulating signal appear across R.

 Quantization
Quantizing, can be defined as a process of breaking down a continuous amplitude range into a
finite number of amplitude values or steps.

 Encoding
Conversion of quantized analogue levels to binary signal is called encoding. To represent 256
steps, 8 level code is required. The eight bit code is also called an eight bit "word".

FIBER OPTIC SYSTEM

Optical Fibre is new medium, in which information (voice, Data or Video) is transmitted through a
glass or plastic fibre, in the form of light, following the transmission sequence give below :
Information is Encoded into Electrical Signals.
Electrical Signals are Coverted into light Signals.
Light Travels Down the Fiber.
A Detector Changes the Light Signals into Electrical Signals.
Electrical Signals are Decoded into Information.
-

Inexpensive light sources available.

Repeater spacing increases along with operating speeds because low loss fibres are used at
high data rates.

SDH/SONET
Started by Bell core in 1985 as standardization effort for the US telephone carriers (after AT&T was
broken up in 1984),
Later joined by CCITT (later: ITU), which formed SDH in 1987
Three major goals:

Avoid the problems of PDH

Achieve higher bit rates (Gbit/s)

Better means for Operation, Administration, and Maintenance (OA&M)

SDH is THE standard in telecommunication networks now

It is designed to transport voice rather than data
It covers the lower 2-3 OSI layers
SONET/SDH defines only a point-to-point connection in the network

MPLS
MPLS stands for Multiprotocol Label Switching; multiprotocol because its techniques are
applicable to ANY network layer protocol, of which IP is the most popular.
LSP
Ingress

Egress
MPLS core LSR
MPLS LER

MPLS OPERATIONS
PUSH:

A new label is pushed on top of the packet, effectively "encapsulating" the original IP packet
in a layer of MPLS.

SWAP:
Every incoming label is replaced by a new outgoing label (As per the path to be followed)
and the packet is forwarded along the path associated with the new label.

POP:
The label is removed from the packet effectively "de-encapsulating". If the popped label was
the last on the label stack, the packet "leaves" the MPLS tunnel

TELEPHONE EXCHANGE -OCB-283

The Alcatel E10 system is located at the heart of the telecommunication networks concerned. It
is made up of three independent functional units:
The Subscriber Access Subsystem which carries out connection of analogue and digital
subscriber lines,
Connection and Control which carries out connections and processing of calls,
Operation and Maintenance which is responsible for all functions needed by the network
operating authority.
Each functional unit is equipped with software which are appropriate for handling the
functions for which it is responsible.

THANK YOU!!!