Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 3
3-1
3-2
Perception
A process by which individuals
organize and interpret their
sensory impressions in order to
give meaning to their
environment.
The world as it is perceived is
the world that is behaviorally
important.
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
3-3
Factors Influencing
Perception
Perceiver
Situation
Target
Perception
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
3-4
Person Perception:
Attribution Theory
Suggests that perceivers try to attribute
the observed behavior to a type of cause:
Internal behavior is believed to be under
the personal control of the individual
External the person is forced into the
behavior by outside events/causes
3-5
Determinants of Attribution
Distinctiveness whether an individual
3-6
Determination of Attribution
3-7
Attribution Errors
Fundamental Attribution Error
The tendency to underestimate the influence of external
factors and overestimate that of internal factors.
Self-Serving Bias
Occurs when individuals overestimate their own (internal)
influence on successes and overestimate the external
influences on their failures.
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
3-8
3-9
3-10
3-11
3-12
Bounded Rationality
The limited information-processing capability of
human beings makes it impossible to assimilate and
understand all the information necessary to
optimize
3-13
3-14
3-15
3-16
3-17
Organizational Constraints
on Decision Making
Performance evaluations
Reward systems
Formal regulations
Self-imposed time constraints
Historical precedents
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
3-18
3-19
3-20
Three-Component Model of
Creativity
Expertise
CreativeThinking
Skills
Intrinsic
Task
Motivation
3-21
Global Implications
Attributions:
Decision Making:
Ethics:
3-22
3-23
Keep in Mind
1. People have inherent biases in
perception and decision making
Understanding those biases allows for better
prediction of behavior
3-24
Summary
1. Defined perception and explained the factors that
influence it.
2. Identified the shortcuts individuals use in making
judgments about others.
3. Explained the link between perception and decisionmaking.
4. Listed and explained the common decision biases or
errors.
5. Contrasted the three ethical decision criteria.
6. Defined creativity and discussed the three-component
model of creativity.
Copyright 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall
3-25
3-26