SOLENOID

Shiela Mae U. Morillo

Che13

An Illustration of Solenoid
Solenoids
convert
electrical
energy
into
mechanical work.
In engineering, the term
also refer to a variety of
transducer
devices
that
convert energy into linear
motion. Also often used to
refer to a solenoid valve
which actuates either a
pneumatic or hydraulic valve.

The term solenoid was invented by French physicist AndrMarie Ampre to designate a helical coil.

How does a solenoid work?

A solenoid usually consists of a coil

and a movable iron core called the
armature.

Here's how it works!

When current flows through a wire, a magnetic field is set up around
the wire. If we make a coil of many turns of wire, this magnetic field
becomes many times stronger, flowing around the coil and through
its centre in a doughnut shape. When the coil of the solenoid is
energized with current, the core moves to increase the flux linkage by
closing the air gap between the cores. The movable core is usually
spring-loaded to allow the core to retract when the current is
switched off. The force generated is approximately proportional to
the square of the current and inversely proportional to the square of
the length of the air gap.

APPLICATION

APPLICATION
Electromechanical solenoid
Rotary solenoid
Rotary voice coil
Pneumatic solenoid valve
Hydraulic solenoid valve
Automobile starter solenoid

Application
Electromechanical solenoids

Rotary solenoids

consist of an electromagnetically
inductive coil, wound around a
movable steel or iron slug
(termed the armature)

is an electromechanical device
used to rotate a ratcheting
mechanism when power is
applied.

Application

Rotary voice coil

is a solenoid. Typically the fixed
magnet is on the outside, and the
coil part moves in an arc
controlled by the current flow
through the coils. Rotary voice
coils are widely employed in
devices such as disk drives

Pneumatic solenoids valve

is a switch for routing air to any
pneumatic device, usually an
actuator, allowing a relatively
small signal to control a large
device. It is also the interface
between electronic controllers
and pneumatic systems

Application

Hydraulic solenoid valve

Automobile starter solenoid

are in general similar to

pneumatic
solenoid
valves
except that they control the flow
of hydraulic fluid (oil), often at
around 3000 psi (210 bar, 21
MPa, 21 MN/m).

In a car or truck, the starter

solenoid is part of an automobile
starting system. The starter
solenoid receives a large electric
current from the car battery and
a small electric current from the
ignition switch.

Cheap or Cheaper?
Solenoids are inexpensive, and their use is
primarily limited to on-off applications such as
latching, locking, and triggering. They are
frequently used in home appliances (e.g.
washing machine valves), office equipment (e.g.
copy machines), automobiles (e.g. door latches
and the starter solenoid), pinball machines
(e.g., plungers and bumpers), and factory
automation.

MAINTENANCE

Cleaning
All solenoid operators and valves
should be cleaned periodically. The
time between cleaning will vary
depending on medium and service
conditions. In general, if the voltage to
the solenoid is correct, sluggish valve
operation, excessive noise or leakage
will indicate that cleaning is required.
Clean strainer or filter when cleaning
the valve.

REFERENCES
http://
www.sal.wisc.edu/PFIS/docs/rss-vis/archive/public/Product%20Manuals/bicron/s
oldesop.pdf
http://mechatronics.mech.northwestern.edu/design_ref/actuators/solenoids.html\
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Solenoid
http://
www.lesman.com/unleashd/catalog/valves/ASCO-solenoid-valves/im_solenoidsV7
501R5.pdf
http://www.asconumatics.eu/images/site/upload/_en/pdf1/00152gb.pdf
http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4567178_a-solenoid-work.html