INSTRUMENTATION OF

TABLET COMPRESSION
MACHINE
PRESENTED BY:
B.SHASHIDHAR
SVEC
SURYAPET..

CONTENTS:
INTRODUCTION
MACHINE INSTRUMENTATION
WORKING OF TABLET PRESS
PROCESS OF COMPRESSION
CONCLUSION
REFERNCE

INTRODUCTION
This article is designed to facilitate the
understanding of
the general principles of tablet press
instrumentation and
the benets thereof by the formulators, process
engineers,
validation specialists, and quality assurance
personnel, as
well as production oor supervisors who would
like to
understand the basic standards and techniques of
getting

MACHINE INSTRUMENTATION

The tablet press comprises of following parts

Punches

Dies

Auxiliary equipments

PUNCHES

These are two types

1)Upper punch and 2) lower punch

Neck of the upper punch is smaller than the lower punch

These are made by steel, in order to withstand with the force existe
rollers
Both upper and lower punches are same in length except in B
tooling
For large dose preparation D tooling is preferable .

PUNCHE
S

STEEL HARDNESS AND

SELECTION
Several types of tool steel are normally used in the
brication of compression tooling .
The proper selection becomes critical to a successful
overall operation.

The steel characteristics to be looked for in descending

order of importance.
1)Toughness to withstand the cycle compaction forces
2)Wear resistance
3)cost

STEEL SELECTION BASED

ON:
Shape of the punch cup
Compressing force
Material nature
EX: Abrasive , corrosive
(stainless steel)

These alloys can withstand higher temperature and

pressure temperature 400C
Punches and dies properly handled, if tip a punch
damages which results in change in tablet shape.
Punches and dies should be keep in given boxes after
work completes otherwise will get rust.
Shape of a tablet depends upon the shape of tip .
Tip of a punch can be designed ,as for manufacturer
interest.

DIES

Dies are holded by die table

These are in different sizes, made by steel
Selection of die depends upon the dose we
wanted
Diameter of a tablet depends upon the die
we select
These are available in different diameters
Die is xed by the die screw
For large size tablets D tooling dies are

TOOLING (IN
INCHES)

Tooling type
and punch
parameters

BB

Barrel length

5.25

5.25 or 3.56

5.25

Barrel
diameter

0.15

5.25 or 3.56

Head
diameter

5.25 or 3.56

1.25

ARRANGEMENT OF PUNCHES AND

DIES

AUXILIARY
These includes PARTS
Tablet dedusters
Hopper
Chute
Compression analyzers
Single conditioning
systems

Production rate
depends on:
Number of stations
Number of compressions per
cycle
Speed of the turrets

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN SINGLE

AND
ROTARRY TABLET PRESSES
SINGLE PUNCH
MACHINE

ROTARRY PUNCH
MACHINE

Consist of one station

Consist of more
stations

Production rate low

Production rate is high

TPM is approximately
100

TPM is 10,000

Lower punch do not

move while
compression

Both punches move

EX: Colton

WORKING OF TABLET
PRESS

Irrespective of the tablet press types (single station o

rotary)
The following steps are majorly involved
Filling
Weight adjusting
Compression
ejection

THE PROCESS OF
Among allCOMPRESSION
the steps, compression is the most
important steps
For better understanding it is further divided as
follows
Transitional packing or particle rearrangement
Deformation at point of contact
Fragmentation and deformation
Bonding
Deformation of the solid body

CONCLUSIO
N

Instrumental tablet machine technology is

advancing rapidly .It enables better
understanding of the tablet press .which in turn in
assist in formulation development batch quality
control.

A well thought out designed that satises

the needs of production, packing and marketing,
coupled with the manufacture of the tools to
exacting specications required, are necessary to
produce the high quality product at the lowest over
all cost.

REFERENC
E
2.pharamceutical dosage forms: tablets, volume-2,

Text book of modern pharmaceutics . 4th edition by

Banker (pg : 318- 362)
sec edition by A.Lachman ,Leon lachman and Joseph
B.Schwatz (pg:201-241 and 571-608)
3. The theory and practice of industrial pharmacy ,
3rd edition by Leon lachman,A.Libberman, Joseph
L.Kanig (pg:301-311)
Pharmaceutics ,the science of dosage form design,
2nd edition by M.E.Aulton

THANK YOU