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Refraction of Light
LIGHT
What is Refraction?
What is Optical Density?
The Laws of Refraction
The Refractive index
Angle of Incidence / Refraction
Total Internal Reflection
LIGHT
LIGHT
LIGHT
Incident ray
normal
i
air
water
r
Refracted ray
i angle of
incidence
r angle of
refraction
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Refracted ray
normal
air
water
i
Incident ray
i angle of
incidence
r angle of
refraction
LIGHT
LIGHT
Incident ray
Reflected ray
air
Refracted ray
glass
air
Emergent ray
LIGHT
normal
air
water
r
Refracted ray
LIGHT
air
r
Refracted ray
LIGHT
air
air
Refracted
r ray
i1
r1
water
r1
i2
Refracted ray
i2
water
Refracted ray
glass
r2
Refracted ray
i1
Incident ray
glass
LIGHT
air
water
glass
glass
LIGHT
water
air
air
glass
LIGHT
LIGHT
Incident ray
normal
i
air
water
r
Refracted ray
Refractive
Index, n
sin i
sin r
LIGHT
air
air
Refracted
r ray
i1
r1
water
r1
i2
Refracted ray
i2
water
Refracted ray
glass
r2
Refracted ray
i1
Incident ray
glass
LIGHT
LIGHT
air
r
wate
r
sin i
sin r
sin 60o
1.33 =
sin r
o
sin
60
sin r
1.33
=
r =40.6
o
LIGHT
sin r
n=
sin i
sin i
n=
sin r
i
air
wate
r
wate
r
r
air
LIGHT
The figure shows light travelling from water into the air. The
ray is incident upon the boundary at 30o. What is the angle of
refraction if the refractive index of water is 1.33?
Solutio
n
30
wate
r
air
sin r
n=
sin i
sin r
1.3 =
sin
3
30o
sin =
r 1.3sin
o
3
o30
r 41.9
=
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Refractive
index, n =
Speed of light in
vacuum / air
Speed of light in
medium
c
=
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Di
no
o
i
t
rec
th
pa
t
lig h
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Refractive
Index, n
Refractive
Index, n
sin i
sin r
sin r
sin i
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sin r
=
sin i
sin 90o
=
sin c
1
=
sin c
LIGHT
sin c =
c = sin
1
n
-1
1
n
LIGHT
Mediu Glass
m:
Refractive 1.50
Index:
Critical
Angle:
c = sin-1
= sin-1
= 41.8o
1
n
1
1.50
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Mediu Water
m:
Refractive 1.33
Index:
Critical
Angle:
c = sin-1
= sin-1
= 48.8o
1
n
1
1.33
LIGHT
Mediu Diamo
m:
nd
Refractive 2.42
Index:
Critical
Angle:
c = sin-1
= sin-1
= 24.4o
1
n
1
2.42
LIGHT
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Fibre Optics