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5:ImpulseFunctions
In some applications, it is necessary to deal with phenomena
of an impulsive nature.
For example, an electrical circuit or mechanical system subject
to a sudden voltage or force g(t) of large magnitude that acts
over a short time interval about t0. The differential equation
will then have the form
ay by cy g (t ),
where
big, t0 t t0
g (t )
otherwise
0,
and 0 is small.
Measuring Impulse
In a mechanical system, where g(t) is a force, the total impulse
of this force is measured by the integral
t 0
t 0
I ( ) g (t )dt
g (t )dt
then
t 0
I ( ) g (t )dt g (t )dt 2 c, 0
t 0
In general,
unitt impulse
t 0,
(t t0 )for
0a for
t0 , and at
t t0 )dt point
1
an (arbitrary
Laplace Transform of
(1 of 2)
1
L (t t0 ) lim e st d (t t0 )dt lim
0 0
0 2
st t 0
e
0 2 s
lim
t 0
t 0
t 0
e st dt
1
e s t0 e s t0
0 2 s
lim
e st0 e s e s
sinh( s )
st 0
lim
e lim
0 s
0
2
s
s cosh( s )
st 0
st 0
e lim
s
0
Laplace Transform of
(2 of 2)
0 0
1 t0
lim f (t )dt
0 2 t 0
1
lim 2 f (t*) ( where t0 t* t0 )
0 2
lim f (t*)
0
f (t0 )
Thus
(t t0 ) f (t )dt f (t0 )
(1 of 3)
2s
or
s 2 Y ( s ) e 7 s
e 7 s
Y ( s) 2
2s s 2
7 s
Example 1: Solution
(2 of 3)
We have
e 7 s
Y ( s) 2
2s s 2
e 7 s
15 / 4
Y (s)
2
2 15 s 1 / 4 15 / 16
and hence
y (t )
1
15
t 7
u7 (t )e t 7 / 4 sin
4
2 15
(3 of 3)