Computer Aided Design

(CAD)

Week 9 :: Involute Gears and

Dimensioning

Gears - Introduction

Single Gear

Gear Train

Driver and Driven Gear Wheels

Types of Gears

Spur Gear

Rack & Pinion

Note: Not an exhaustive list.

Helical Gear

Worm Gear
and Wheel

Some Gear Terminology

Pitch Circle Diameter
Circul
ar

Fillet Radius

Pitch

Gear Data and Equations

Pressure Angle: Normally 20

Pitch Circle Diameter (PCD): Module x No.

Teeth
A circle representing the two gears as tangent cylinders.

Addendum = Module
The part of the tooth above the Pitch Circle.

Clearance = 0.25 x Module (1/4 of Module)

The gap between the tip and the root of two meshing
teeth.

Dedendum = Module + Clearance

The part of the tooth below the Pitch Circle.

Gear Data and Equations

Circular Pitch = Module x 3.14 (Pi)

The distance from a point on one tooth to a similar on
the next.

Tooth Thickness = Circular Pitch / 2

Fillet Radius (approx) = Circular Pitch / 7

Spur Gear Calculation &

Drawing

The method used here to draw a typical

spur gear is called Unwins
Construction. It is also called the
Approximate Method because it is only
produces an Approximate Involute
Curve.
Tip: When drawing a Gear in AutoCAD
make full use of Layers and Colours.

Spur Gear Calculation &

Drawing #1

diameter.

Spur Gear Calculation &

Drawing #2

a circle

Spur Gear Calculation &

Drawing

Now its your Turn ->

Draw

a Spur gear with the following

details:
Module: 2mm
Number of Teeth: 25

Dimensioning to BS308
Standards

Each dimension required should only

appear once. There should be no more
dimensions than necessary.
Linear Dimensions are normally in
millimeters (mm). The symbol may be
ommitted provided the drawing carries
a statement of the unit used.
Angular Dimensions should be
expressed in degrees and minutes, e.g.:

20 30

Dimensioning to BS308
Standards

Projection lines and dimension lines

should normally be placed outside the
outline of the view.
Crossing of projection and dimension lines
should be avoided.
Projection lines should start just clear of
the outline of the feature and should
extend a little beyond the dimension line.
Projection lines should normally be drawn
perpendicular to the dimension required.

Dimensioning Overview

Dimensioning Overview

Dimensions should be placed near the

middle, and above the dimension line.
Larger Dimensions should be placed
outside smaller dimensions.

Dimensioning Methods

Parallel
Dimensioning:
Consists of a number of
dimension lines
originating from a datum
feature.

Chain Dimensioning:
Should only be used
where the accumulation
of tolerances does not
endanger the function of
the part.

Diameter Dimensioning

Diameter dimensions of a circle or

cylinder is shown by the symbol in
front of the No.

Radius Dimensioning

Radii should be dimensioned by a

dimension line that passes through, or
is in line with, the center of the arc.
The dimension line should have one
arrowhead only, that which touches the
arc.
The symbol R is placed in front of the
No.

Dimensioning Features

Dimensioning of equally-spaced
features may be simplified by using
methids similar to below:

Dimensioning Holes
etc.

Notes:

- The term spotface

implies that the depth is
the minimum necessary
to provide a machined
surface.
- Chamfers at 45 should
be dimensioned as below
and not described by a
note.

Dimensioning Holes etc.

Dimensioning Tapered
Features

Dimensioning Screw Threads

The letter M, standing for ISO metric thread,

is followed by, the nominal diameter and the
pitch, both in millimeters. E.g. M8 x 1.
The absence of a pitch (e.g. M8), means that
a course pitch is specified. (e.g. The course
pitch for an M8 thread is 1.25mm.
(See Page 7 in AutoCAD Notes part II)
Thread tolerance
6H is suitable for INTERNAL thread tolerance.
6g is suitable for EXTERNAL thread tolerance.
E.g. M10 x 1 6g

Dimensioning External
Threads

Dimensioning Internal
Threads

Note the hatch lines and line weights.

Dimensioning Threads

Typical Dimensioned Drawin