Infinitives!

2014

All About Infinitives

Infinitives are verb forms that are
translated with the word to.

All About Infinitives

There are 3 tenses of infinitives:
present, perfect, and future.
Each tense has 2 voices: active and
passive.

Present Active Infinitive

You learned the present active
infinitive in Latin I.
The present active infinitive is
the 2nd principal part of the
verbthe one that ends in re.
Its translated to (verb).

Present Active Infinitive

amo, amare,
amavi, amatus
doceo, docere,
docui, doctus
mitto, mittere,
misi, missus
capio, capere,
cepi, captus
audio, audire,
audivi, auditus

To love
To teach
To send
To capture
To hear

Present Passive Infinitive

Change the re to ri and you get
the present passive infinitive.
***3rd and 3rd io verbs change
the entire ere to i.
(verbs
that have o, -ere or io, -ere).
Its translated to be (verbed).

Present Passive Infinitive

amo, amare,
amavi, amatus
doceo, docere,
docui, doctus
mitto, mittere,
misi, missus
capio, capere,
cepi, captus
audio, audire,
audivi, auditus

AMARI: to be loved
DOCERI: to be
taught
MITTI: to be sent
CAPI: to be captured
AUDIRI: to be heard

Perfect Active Infinitive

Take the 3rd principal part of the
verb.
Drop the i.
Add isse.
Translated: to have (verbed)

Perfect Active Infinitive

amo, amare, amavi,
amatus
doceo, docere, docui,
doctus
mitto, mittere, misi,
missus
capio, capere, cepi,
captus
audio, audire, audivi,
auditus

AMAVISSE:
to have loved
DOCUISSE:
to have taught
MISISSE:
to have sent
CEPISSE:
to have captured
AUDIVISSE:
to have heard

Perfect Passive Infinitive

Take the 4th principal part of the
verb.
Add the helping verb esse
(separate word, not as an
ending)
Translated: to have been
(verbed)

Perfect Passive Infinitive

amo, amare, amavi,
amatus
doceo, docere, docui,
doctus
mitto, mittere, misi,
missus
capio, capere, cepi,
captus
audio, audire, audivi,
auditus

AMATUS ESSE:
to have been loved
DOCTUS ESSE:
to have been taught
MISSUS ESSE:
to have been sent
CAPTUS ESSE:
to have been captured
AUDITUS ESSE:
to have been heard

Future Active Infinitive

Take the 4th principal part of the
verb.
Change the us to urus.
Add the helping verb esse
(separate word, not as an
ending)
Translated: to be going to (verb)
OR to be about to (verb)

Future Active Infinitive

amo, amare, amavi,
amatus
doceo, docere, docui,
doctus
mitto, mittere, misi,
missus
capio, capere, cepi,
captus
audio, audire, audivi,
auditus

AMATURUS ESSE:
to be about to love
DOCTURUS ESSE:
to be about to teach
MISSURUS ESSE:
to be about to send
CAPTURUS ESSE:
to be about to capture
AUDITURUS ESSE:
to be about to hear

Future Passive Infinitive

Take the 4th principal part of the
verb.
Change the us to um
Add the helping verb iri
(separate word, not as an
ending)
Translated: to be going to be
(verbed) OR to be about to be
(verbed)
This form is rare.

Future Passive Infinitive

amo, amare, amavi,
amatus
doceo, docere, docui,
doctus
mitto, mittere, misi,
missus
capio, capere, cepi,
captus
audio, audire, audivi,
auditus

AMATUM IRI:
to be about to be loved
DOCTUM IRI:
to be about to be taught
MISSUM IRI:
to be about to be sent
CAPTUM IRI:
to be about to be
captured
AUDITUM IRI:
to be about to be heard

What an Infinitive Chart

Looks Like:
ACTIVE
Present
amare
to love
Perfect
amavisse
to have loved
Future
amaturus esse to be
about to love

PASSIVE
amari to be loved
amatus esse to have
been loved
amatum iri to be
about to be loved