CDMA450 RF Network

Planning And Optimization

Content

CDMA Network Plan and Optimization

CDMA characteristic Overview

Overview
Objectives
To
Tobuild
buildaanetwork
networkwith
withas
asmuch
much
capacity
capacityand
andcoverage
coverageas
aspossible
possible
and
andcertain
certainquality
qualityof
ofservice
serviceand
andcost
cost
budget,
budget,and
andsupporting
supportingsmooth
smooth
evolution
evolutionand
andexpansion
expansionfor
forhigher
higher
capacity
capacityand
andlarger
largercoverage
coverage

Coverage

Capacity

Quality

Cost

Balance all through network planning

3

CDMA450 Network Project

Preliminary Planning
Network Simulation
Site Survey
System Parameter Design
Equipment Installation and Testing
Network Optimization

Preliminary Planning
- Estimate the RF network configuration based on the initial
customer requirements and projections
- Create a RF network plan
VOD
Multimedia Game

Video E-Mail
Video Clip
M-Commerce
Location Service

cost Limitation

service classification

spectrum available

QOS (quality of service)

coverage

BTS TRX channel

requirement

etc

capacity
requirement

maps
projection on future
capacity and
coverage
5

Voice Plan

Data Plan

Capacity Plan

Coverage Plan

Network Simulation
Update the plan by software simulation
Site location (latitude and longitude)
Antenna type, height, azimuth and tilte
Antenna feeding system
TX channel power allocation per sector
Radio resources per site

ASSET PLANET are

software used
by top vendors

Huawei

10

Site Survey
Verify and adjust the network plan:
Finalize

site location and antenna parameters

Collect neighbor system info

Clear spectrum

11

System Design
Enhance the network plan to an
implementable plan including:
PN plan

Neighbor list
Pilot Power
Seacher Windows Size
Power Contronl Parameter
Handoff Parameter
System Access Parameter
12

Equipment Installation and Testing

GPS

Receiver
Receiver
Receiver
Receiver

Install all equipment

CDMATest
GSM
GSM
Test
GSM
Test
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile
Mobile

PC

Test to ensure normal working without any defects

Update the network plan for any changes.

Software
...

13

Network Optimization
Based on good implementation of network plan
fine-tune the plan for any missing details or special conditions
hot-spot blind-spot special-spot etc.

14

Content

CDMA Network plan and optimization

CDMA characteristic Overview

15

Content

CDMA Network plan and optimization

CDMA characteristic Overview
CDMA Capacity
CDMA Coverage
Capacity and Coverage analyze

16

Capacity Calculation S City

1

Bcdma

2 2
W
X 0 M e 2
(1 )
R
Q(
)
2
2 2 2 2
M e
(1 )

Q ( x)

1 t 2 / 2
e
dt
2

Cell Load

75%

Interference Factor

0.55

Second Order Interference Factor

0.086

Voice Activation Factor

0.4

Spread spectrum gain

21

Soft Block Ratio

2%

Traffic Channel Eb/Nt

5.08

Omni Site
Sector Factor

Need ?
sites

Sector Site
1

Sector Factor

2.55

Traffic (Erl)

28.6

Traffic (Erl)

Average Throughput (kbps)

109.8

Average Throughput

280.3

Subscribers

2433

Subscribers

953

73

17

Capacity Calculation
Urban
Voice Speed
Band wind
System Loading
Blocking Rate
Interference fact
Voice active fact
Demoduation
Power control
Capacity (Erl)

Surburb

Country

9600
1228800

9600
1228800

9600
1228800

60%
2%

70%
2%

0.55
0.4
5.08

0.2
0.4
5.08

80%
2%
0.1
40%
5.08

2.5
24

2.5
36

2.5
45

18

Content

CDMA Network plan and optimization

CDMA characteristic Overview
CDMA Capacity
CDMA Coverage
Capacity and Coverage analyze

19

Coverage
Link
LinkBudget--Budget---

Work
Workout
outthe
thepath
pathloss
lossunder
underaacertain
certain
conditions,
conditions,then
thenget
getthe
thecell
cellradius
radiuswith
with
Propagation
Propagationmodel.
model.

The maximum allowed path loss

Coverage area of a single site
The number of sites to meet the coverage

20

Coverage
Propagation
Propagation Model
Model

Okumura-Hata
Okumura-Hata&&Cost
Cost231
231

Frequency
Frequencyrange:
range:150MHz
150MHzto
to2000MHz.
2000MHz.

L p 69.55 26.16 log f 13.82 log hb (44.9 6.55 log hb ) log d Ahm
Lp Path loss (dB)
hb

Carrier frequency (MHz)

BS antenna height (m)

Distance between the BS and MS (Km)

hm

MS antenna height (m)

Ahm

MS antenna correction factor (dB)

Middle or small-size
cities:
Big cities:

Ahm (1.1 log f 0.7) hm (1.56 log f 0.8)

Ahm 3.2(log 11.75hm ) 2 4.97

21

Coverage
Propagation
Propagation Model
Model
Terrain
TerrainCorrection
Correction
In urban areas, adjusted as:

In rural areas (open country), adjusted as:

In rural areas (quasi open country), adjusted as:

22

Coverage

Link
LinkBudget
Budget-----

Tx/Rx
Tx/Rx
power
power

Feeder
Feeder
loss
loss

Antenna
Antenna
gain
gain

fading
Soft
fading
Softhandoff
handoff Interference
Interference
gain
allowance
allowance
gain
allowance allowance

Path
Path
loss
loss

Antenna
Antenna
gain
gain

Tx/Rx
Tx/Rx
power
power

Forward link
Reverse link
Balance
Cell Radius

23

Coverage S City
Link
LinkBudget
Budget ----Item

Cell
CellRadius
Radius
Dense Urban

Urban

Rural

Maximum power of traffic channel

21.55dBm

21.55dBm

21.55dBm

Loss of Feeder and Connectors

1.66dB

1.93dB

2.2dB

Antenna Gain

15dB

15dB

15dB

Sensitivity

127.48dBm

125.41dBm

125.41dBm

Noise factor

3.20dB

3.20dB

3.20dB

Demodulation Threshold Eb/Nt

3.5dB

3.5dB

3.5dB

SHO gain

3.7dB

3.7dB

3.7dB

Power control Margin

0.50dB

0.50dB

0.50dB

Interference margin

3.01dB

3.01dB

3.01dB

Penetration loss(Indoor planning)

25dB

20dB

15dB

Cell Load

50%

50%

50%

Required coverage probability

98%

98%

90%

MAPL

122.36dB

125.29dB

136.45dB

Antenna Height Of MS

1.5m

1.5m

1.5m

Antenna Height Of BS

40m

40m

50m

Cell Radius

1.45Km

1.76Km

7.49Km

Need ?
sites for
coverage

24

450M Link budget

CDMA 450 Link budget voice only 9.6kbps
Basic parameter

Rural

Highway

Suburb

Urban

BS antennal height

50m

50m

35m

30m

7/8 Cable length

60m

60m

50m

40m

MS hight

1.5m

1.5m

1.5m

1.5m

BS antennal Gain

10dBi

10dBi

15dBi

15dBi

Cell loading

50%

50%

50%

50%

Soft handoff Gain

0dB

0dB

3.7dB

3.7dB

Require FER

2%

2%

2%

2%

Area cover probability

90%

90%

90%

90%

MS state

Quiescence

30km/s

Quiescence

Quiescence

Promulgate mode

Cell Radio km
Rural Open area
Suburb Open area
Urban

M egapolis

Highway
34.1

17.4

10.0

9.4

In door

43.1
25.0

6.5

2.7

1.8

In car

21.8

9.0

5.2

4.9

17.2

Wood

17.8

7.4

4.3

4.0

14.0

Water

52.8

21.2

12.3

11.4

41.8

Out door

Item
Explain

The CDMA system is Complex interaction influencing system-wide capacity coverage and voice quality.
It only support voice Link budget

25

Content

CDMA Network plan and optimization

CDMA characteristic Overview
CDMA Capacity
CDMA Coverage
Capacity and Coverage analyze

26

Analysis of Link Budget

Comparison of coverage between different rates of CDMA450
services
CDMA450
Service type
Coverage
semi-diameter
ratio

9.6kbps
voice
1

19.2 kbps

38.4 kbps

76.8 kbps

153.6 kbps

0.85

0.74

0.63

0.54

The differences between coverage radius are caused by different service rates and reverse link
demodulation thresholds.
Compared with the voice service, when the permitted maximum path loss of the data service is
reduced, the coverage distance will shrink. The shrinkage is different for different rates of data
services.
The coverage shrinking degree increases slightly as the BS antenna height increases.
27

Capacity and coverage

28

Capacity and coverage

29

Capacity and coverage

30

Thank You