Automation

with
PLC/SCADA
Name-suresh
choudhary
ID. NO
-2011uec1316
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What Is Automation?
Automation a delegation of human control
functions to technical equipment for increased
productivity, reduced cost and increased safety
conditions.

Automation plays an increasingly important role

in the global economy and in daily experience.

Impact Of Automation

It speeds up the developmental processes of the

society.
It increases production.
Extreme industrialization
Replacement of human labor with machines.
Makes life dependent on latest gadgets and
equipments
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Types of Automation
Types of Automation

Applications

1.Home Automation

Air Conditioner, Geyser, Washing

machine etc.

2.Office Automation

FAX, Printers etc.

3.Building Automation

Automatic Car Parking, Elevator

etc.

4.Industrial Automation

Automation in whole plant.

Automation Tools
Different types of automation tools
exist are

SCADA - Supervisory Control and

Data Acquisition

PLC - Programmable Logic Controller

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Basic Components Of Automation

Field Sensors
Junction Box
Control Hardware and Control System
SCADA

Field Sensors
Sense the parameter and send the analog & digital
signal to the control hardware
Process Variables

Sensors

Temperature

RTD, Thermocouple, Thermistor

Pressure

Borden

Tube,

Bellows,

Strain

Gauge
Flow

Pitot Tube

Displacement

LVDT, RVDT
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Control Hardware
Control hardware consist of different
types of controllers which are as
follows:
Proportional Integral Derivative Controller (PID)
CNC
PC Based
PLC
DCS
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Block Diagram of a Control

System
PB1

M1

LS1

INPUTS

LOGIC

OUTPUTS

M1
SOL
M2R

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Introduction to PLC
A PLC is a digital computer used for automation
of electromechanical processes like control of
machinery on factory assembly line.

It was invented to replace the necessary

sequential relay circuits for machine control.

The PLC works by looking at its inputs and

depending upon their state, turning on/off its
outputs.
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Basic Components of
PLC

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Central Processing Unit

Made of a microprocessor & a memory system
Reads the input, executes logic, performs
calculations & controls the outputs accordingly

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Input Modules
Act as interface between real-time
status of process variable and the
CPU.
Analog input module:

RTD (Ohm)
Thermocouple (mV)
Digital input module:

Switches
Pushbuttons
Relays

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Output Modules
Act as link between the CPU and the
output devices in the field.
Analog output module :
Control Valve
Motor
Digital output module :
Solenoid Valves
lamps
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Power Supply
Converts the incoming voltage to a useable
form for the internal electronics

Protects the PLC s components from voltage

spikes

Operates either on 120VAC/ 240 VAC/ 24VDC

Isolation transformer - take care of shielding
from Drives, ensure proper earthing.

Programming Interface
Personal Computer
Run PLC Programming Software
It creates, edits, document, store and troubleshoot
ladder diagrams, and generates printed reports

Hand Held Programmer

Mainly a troubleshooting tool.
On factory floor you can modify, store and transfer the
program to multiple machines

These products communicate with the PLC

through a RS232

PLC Signal Flow

Input Module

Processor Memory

Output Modules

Data Output
Input
Image Table
Image Table
I:0/6

I:0/6

O:0/7
O:0/7

I:1/4

O:1/5

Input Devices
Ladder Program

I:1/4

I:0/6

O:0/7

I:1/4

O:1/5

O:1/5

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Programming Terminal

TOOLS FOR LADDER

PROGRAMMING

Bit Instructions
Timers
Counters
Compare Block
Mathematical Operators

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Bit Instructions
Input NC Bit
Input NO Bit
Output Bit
Binary Latch Bit
Binary Unlatch Bit
OSR Bit

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TIMERS
TIMER NAME

PURPOSE

Timer on delay (TON)

Counts time base

intervals when
instructions is true.

Timer off delay (TOF)

Counts time base

intervals when
instruction is false.

Retentive Time On
(RTO)

Counts time base

intervals when
instruction is true and
retains the accumulated
value when instruction
goes false.

Counters
COUNTER NAME

PURPOSE

1. Count Up (CTU)

Increments the
accumulated value at
each false to true
transition and retain
the accumulated
value when
instruction goes
false.

2. Count Down
(CTD)

decrements the
accumulated value at
each false to true
transition and retain
the accumulated
value when
instruction goes
false.

3. Reset (RES)

Resets the

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WHAT IS SCADA?
SCADA stands for supervisory control and data
acquisition. As the name indicates it is not a full
control system, but rather focuses on the
supervisory level

A SCADA program normally runs on a PC and

communicates with external instrumentation and
control devices.

Its an optional device used in automation for

continuous monitoring.

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Features
Dynamic Process Graphics
Real Time & Historical Trends
Alarms
Recipe Management
Security
Device Connectivity
Scripts
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Product Vendors
S.NO.
1.

COMPANY
Siemens (26%)

PRODUCT
WinCC

(Windows

Control Centre)
2.

Allen Bradley (14%)

RSView

(Rockwell

Software)
3.

Modicon

Vijeo Citect

4.

Intelluation

Fix Dynamics

5.

WonderWare

Intouch

6.

GE(General

Cimplicity

7.

Electricity)
KPIT

Astra
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Creating An Application
InTouch
Steps in creating an
application includes:

Create an application
Create the window in which
application will run

Creating graphics images of

different parts of our process

Breathing life into graphics

Running the application
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Creating An Application

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Creating A New Window

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Creating Graphic Objects

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Breathing Life To Graphics

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