Background of the Project

Ethiopiahas its own ancient

calendar system. The Ethiopic
calendars have 13 months, 12
of 30 days each and the 13
month has 5 or 6 days
This present research project
implements
the
Ethiopian
calendar system as well as
Gregorian calendar
We use 43 flip flops to design
this project

Statement of the Problem

Many companies and institutions in our country use

traditional way to show the current date.
It is also costly to utilize paper date updating system
knowing that papers need to be replaced daily plus the
cost of human labor assigned to do the task instead of
doing more important assignments in the office.
The study therefore is to address the following questions:
What design parameters to consider in implementing a
synchronized calendar system?
What development and simulation techniques to be
undertaken to effectively apply the design parameters?

Objective of the Project

The general objective this project is to design

and simulate a synchronized digital
calendar system in both Ethiopian and
Gregorian display
The specific objectives are:
To design Ethiopian and Gregorian calendar
system.
To simulate the synchronized digital
calendar system using the Logisim software
that displays

Significance of the Project

The production of a digital calendar

system has so many significant
impacts on the market.
This technology concept has not yet
been used in Ethiopia hence the
project concept can be a potent
business avenue to market in all
small, medium, and even large scale
industries in the country.

Organization of the study

The research project outlines the design,

development, simulation and evaluation of the
project.
In the design section, details of the design
parameters are stipulated in accordance to
digital electronics principles.
In the development aspect, the integration of
cluster designs is implemented in pure
electronic circuitry.
In the simulation section, the integration of
cluster designs is simulated in accordance to
the design parameters.

Chapter 2

Review of Related Literature

Definition of calendar
The English wordcalendaris derived from the Latin
wordkalendae, which was the Latin name of the first day
of every month.
Acalendaris a system of organizing days for social,
religious, commercial or administrative purposes.
The primary practical use of a calendar is to identify days:
to be informed about and to agree on a future event and
to record an event that has happened.
Calendars are also used to help people manage their
personal schedules, time and activities, particularly when
individuals have numerous work, school, and family
commitments.

Ethiopian Calendar

Ethiopia is the only African country to have its

own form of ancient calendar system.
The year of Ethiopian calendar contains 365
days into which an extra day is added in every
fourth year and thus it becomes 366 days in
this year.
Each year is divided into 13 months. The first
month of the year is September and the last
(13th) month is Pagumiene, which comes after
August.
Years of the Ethiopian calendar have a fouryear cycle.

Gregorian calendar

TheGregorian is thecalendarthat is used throughout most of

the world.
TheGregorian calendar, also called theWestern calendarMonth
name
The date length of the months are
January=31
February 28 or 29
March=31
April=30
May=31
June =30
July=31
August=31
September=30
October=31
November=30
December=31

Microcontroller based digital calendar system

Digital calendar system can be implemented

without using logisim software. It can be done by
using microcontroller and microprocessor .
The project that is done the title of the project is
digital calendar system which is an embedded
based project.
An embedded project is a combination of hardware
and software.
The main basics that includes in embedded
programming are either assembly programming or
it may be high level languages such as C,C++.

The problem behind the above project here is that

Higher Hardware and Software

development overhead.
Design, Compilers, Debuggers may
result in delayed time to market.
Costly to use.

Chapter 3

Materials and Methods

Materials used in digital calendar
system
Flip flop (the flip flop type is T )
Logic gates(inverter, OR, AND, XOR)
Seven segment display
Splitter
Constant input and
Clock

Flip flop

Flip-flop are those which exactly one

of the two complementary outputs is
high.
They are memory element formultivalued logic.
The memory element retains exactly
one of the logic states until the
control inputs induce a change.

T flip-flop

T flip flop operation

Characteristic table
T

Excitation table

Qnext

Comment

Qne
xt

comment

Hold state

No change

Hold state

No change

Toggle

compliment

Toggle

compliment

Logic gates

Logic gate is an arrangement of controlled

switches used to calculate operations using
Boolean logic in digital circuits.
Itis an electronic device that makes logical
decisions based on the different combinations
of digital signals present on its inputs.
Logic gates process signals which
representtrueorfalse. Normally the positive
supply voltage +Vs represent true and 0V
represents false.

NOT gate

Produces an inverted version of the

input at its output.
If the input variable is A, then the
inverted output is known as NOT A.

INPUT

OUTPUT

AND gates

A HIGH output (1) results only if all the

inputs to the AND gate are HIGH (1).
If neither or only one input to the AND
gate is HIGH, a LOW output results.
Therefore, the output is always 0 except
when all the inputs are 1s.
Y=A.B.
A
B
Y
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
1
1

OR gate

Performs logical disjunction.

The output of this gate becomes high
if at least one of the inputs is high.
Y=A+B.
A
B
Y
0
1
0
1

0
0
1
1

0
1
1
1

XOR gate

If both inputs are false (0/LOW) and

both are true a false output results.
A
0
0
1
1

B
0
1
0
1

Y
0
1
1
0

Seven segment display

Aseven-segment display(SSD), orseven-segment

indicator, is a form of electronicdisplay devicefor
displayingdecimal numerals.
Seven-segment displays are widely used indigital clocks,
electronic meters, basic calculators, and other electronic
devices that display numerical information.

Clock

is basically a square wavevoltage

A clock generator is used to generate
a clock, which is anoscillatorthat
provides a square wave output.
An oscillator circuit always has a
feedback that makes the circuit
oscillate.

Counter

A counter is asequential circuit that counts

in a cyclic sequence.
Counters are generally made up of flip-flops
and logic gates.
There are two types of counters
Synchronous Counter & Asynchronous
Counter.
Synchronous counter is in which clock pulse
is given to all flip flops at the same time.
Asynchronous counter is in which clock pulse
in given to only one of the flip flops.

Disadvantage of Asynchronous
counter
More complex for high-frequency
systems.
Propagation delays can make it
difficult to detect, or decode, the
output state of an asynchronous
counter circuit electronically

Working principle of Digital calendar system

1, Ethiopian calendar system

2, Gregorian calendar system

Chapter 4
Results and Discussions
The calendar system operates in both
Ethiopian and Gregorian calendar system
with separate seven segment display.
In the actual simulation, it is possible to
increase or decrease the speed of the
counter through the adjustment of the
frequency of the counter. Since the
frequency available in Logisim software is
only from 0.25 Hertz to 4.1K Hertz

 If the year is not a leap year and if the

month is thirteen and if the day is five
and if the clock is 23:59:59, then,
The clock automatically reset and
becomes zero.
The date counter becomes one since
preset input is given to the first flip flop
of the date counter
All month counter flip flops becomes
zero except the last flip flop.
The year counter increment by one and
it becomes eight.

If the year is a leap year and if the month

is thirteen and if the day is six and if the
clock is 23:59:59, then
The clock automatically reset and
becomes zero.
The date counter becomes one since
the last flip flop output was zero and
toggle when the clock signal is coming.
All month counter flip flops becomes
zero except the last flip flop.
The year counter increment by one and
it becomes nine.

Simulation results of Gregorian calendar system

If the month is 2, the date is 28, the

clock is 23:59:59 then
The clock becomes zero, the date
becomes 29, and the month and year
dont change, if the year is leap year.
Else, the date flip flop becomes reset
except the last flip flop and becomes
one, the month increment by one and
becomes 3.

Chapter 5
Conclusion and Recommendation

Conclusion
The design and simulation of digital calendar system using logisim software is very
easy and less costly when compared to that of digital calendar that is designed
using microcontroller and microprocessor at a time. This digital calendar system is
preferable to be used since it contains both Ethiopian and Gregorian calendar
system. It is possible to use the one clock display for Ethiopian calendar as well as
Gregorian calendar system to minimize the complexity of the circuit by reducing
the number of flip flops and different logic gates.
Ethiopian calendar system is not designed and used before in Ethiopian settings
using software application before. The only calendar that is used through the
software is Gregorian calendar system. This project may help our county to use our
own calendar system in addition to Gregorian calendar system independently.
This digital calendar system shows the all components that are essential to know
the current day status within the two calendar systems. It shows the real date,
month, and year difference that exist between Ethiopian and Gregorian calendar
system. It keeps the difference of the two calendar systems and display within the
proper seven segment display correctly.

Recommendation
It is clear that if the digital calendar system is not
adjusted or configured correctly at the beginning,
the display is not in the proper operation.
Therefore, it is obligatory to adjust the clock, date,
month, and year correctly for the first time.
If this project is manufactured in integrated circuit
(IC) form then it is expected that there are many
potential customers and business entities that will
manifest their keen interest to use and patronize it.
So it is advisable to change the circuit to IC form
and get benefit from it may be in the future works
of this current study.