POVERTY

Presented by:
MLS 2-F

Jaira Avance

Njud Caturas

Caren Gayanoche
Camille Magarse

Neva Hope Palomo

MLS 2F; Group 4

What is
Poverty?

MLS 2F; Group 4

World bank

Poverty is pronounced deprivation in well-being,

and comprises many dimensions. It includes low
incomes and the inability to acquire the basic goods
and services necessary for survival with dignity.
Poverty also encompasses low levels of health and
education, poor access to clean water and
sanitation, inadequate physical security, lack of
voice, and insufficient capacity and opportunity to
better ones life.

MLS 2F; Group 4

Types of poverty
Absolute

Poverty

Measure of poverty based on a set

standard that is consistent over time and
between countries, referring to the
chronic lack of basic food, clean water,
health and housing.

MLS 2F; Group 4

 Relative

Poverty

The condition in which people

lack the minimum amount of income
needed in order to maintain the
average standard of living in the
society in which they live

MLS 2F; Group 4

Situational Poverty
Generally caused by a sudden
crisis or loss and is often
temporary.

Events causing situational

poverty include environmental
disasters, divorce, or severe
health problems.

MLS 2F; Group 4

Generational
Occurs

in families where at least

two generations have been born
into poverty. Families living in
this type of poverty are not
equipped with the tools to move
out of their situations.

MLS 2F; Group 4

Urban
This

particular type of poverty is only

for metropolitan areas with
populations over 50,000.
Overcrowding, violence, noise, and
poor community help programs make
it even more difficult for people
suffering of this type of poverty to get
out of it.

MLS 2F; Group 4

Rural
Occurs

in nonmetropolitan areas
with populations below 50,000. In
rural areas, there are more singleguardian households, and families
often have less access to services,
support for disabilities, and quality
education opportunities.

MLS 2F; Group 4

MEASURING POVERTY

Threshold Income level or

Ethical Poverty Line

realistic and moral account of absolute poverty

World bank defines extreme poverty as living on
less than $1.25 per day. And moderate poverty as
less than $2 a day

Poverty line is based on a threshold of 60%

of the national median equivalized
household income : Organisation for
Economic Co-operation and Development
(OECD) and the European Union

MLS 2F; Group 4

OTHERS METHODS:

Multidimensional Poverty index

Uses three dimensions, measured using
ten indicators

H: Percentage of people who are MPI

poor (incidence of poverty)
A: Average intensity of MPI poverty
across the poor (%)

MLS 2F; Group 4

EXAMPLE: NIGER
MPI = 0.642
H = 0.927
A = 0.693
In Niger, 92.7% of the country's
population is MPI poor (they are deprived
in at least 33.33% of the weighted
indicators, by definition). Those who are
MPI poor suffer from deprivation in 69.3%
of indicators, on average.

MLS 2F; Group 4

CAUSES OF
POVERTY

MLS 2F; Group 4

 lack of education
large scale import
labor standards
lack of control of local
resources

MLS 2F; Group 4

 Lack of democracy in a country

Corruption
Insufficient Law and order
Limited property and personal
property rights
Not allowing businesses to keep most
of their profits

MLS 2F; Group 4

Overpopulation
Housing
Inequality
natural disasters
Lack of Education
Violence

MLS 2F; Group 4

EFFECTS OF
POVERTY

MLS 2F; Group 4

Much shorter lives

Low birth weight
Poor nutrition
Chronic conditions such as asthma, anemia,
and pneumonia
Risky behaviors such as smoking or engaging
in early sexual activity
Exposure to environmental contaminants, e.g.,
lead paint and toxic waste dumps
MLS 2F; Group 4

Exposure to violence in their

communities which can lead to
trauma, injury, disability, and
mortality
Higher risk of both illness
and premature death
Children from low income
families are more likely to die
at birth or in infancy than
children born into richer
families
MLS 2F; Group 4

Low life expectancy

Utilities
shelter
Hunger
Children living in poverty are at greater
risk of behavioral and emotional
problems
Inadequate education contributes to the
cycle of poverty
MLS 2F; Group 4

Unemployment
Increased Crime Rate
High Infant Mortality and
Annual Death Rate
Increase in hygiene and diet
related diseases
Mass emigration of
population
Genocide
Terrorism
MLS 2F; Group 4

STATISTICAL
UPDATES

MLS 2F; Group 4

World Poverty Statistics

World PovertyStatistics

Total Percentage of World Population that lives onless

than$2.50 a day

50%

Totalnumberof people thatliveonless than$2.50 a day 3 Billion

Total Percentage of People thatliveonless than$10 a
80%
day
Total percent of World Populations thatlivewhere income
80%
differentials are widening
Total Percentage of World Income the richest 20% account
75%
for
TotalNumberof children that die each day due to Poverty 22,000
TotalNumberof People inDeveloping Countrieswith
Inadequate Access to Water
TotalNumberof School Days lost to Water Related Illness

MLS 2F; Group 4

1.1 billion
443 million school
days

Source: Global Issues, The Human

Development Report

World Poverty Statistics

Child World PovertyStatistics
Numberof children in the world

2.2 billion

Numberof Children thatlivein Poverty

1 billion

TotalNumberof Children thatlivewithout adequate shelter

640 million (1 in 3)

TotalNumberof Children without access to safe water

400 million (1 in 5)

TotalNumberof Children with no access to HealthServices

270 million (1 in 7)

TotalNumberof Children who die annually from lack of access

to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation

1.4 million

MLS 2F; Group 4

Source: Global Issues, The Human

Development Report

MLS 2F; Group 4

MLS 2F; Group 4

U.S.A

EUROPE

MLS 2F; Group 4

AFRICA

MLS 2F; Group 4

Asia Poverty Statistics

MLS 2F; Group 4

CHINA

JAPAN

MLS 2F; Group 4

VIETNAM

INDIA

MLS 2F; Group 4

Philippines Poverty Statistics

Results
from
the
2010
Annual
Poverty
Indicators

Survey

MLS 2F; Group 4

MLS 2F; Group 4

MLS 2F; Group 4

Year

Poverty to Wealthy
RatioStatistics
Ratio of People at Poverty to Wealthy Level

2013

88 to 1

1992

72 to 1

1973

44 to 1

1950

35 to 1

1913

11 to 1

1820

3 to 1

MLS 2F; Group 4

SOLUTIONS TO
REDUCE
POVERTY
MLS 2F; Group 4

Increasing the supply of basic needs

Food and other goods
Health care and education
Removing constraints on
government services
Reversing brain drain
Controlling overpopulation
MLS 2F; Group 4

Increasing personal
income
Income grants
Economic freedoms
Financial services

MLS 2F; Group 4

Wealth concentration
Climate change
Voluntary

MLS 2F; Group 4

Policy recommendations of world

bank
Jobs are essential to
lifting people out of
poverty.
Well-designed
policies to identify
and reach the poor
can play an effective
role in poverty
reduction.
MLS 2F; Group 4

Promoting inclusiveness
and equal opportunities is
good for economic
development.
Promoting shared
prosperity
Advanced technologies
created opportunities to
re-engineer and upgrade
traditional systems and to
empower beneficiaries.
MLS 2F; Group 4

MLS 2F; Group 4

POVERTY IS THE WORST

FORM OF VIOLENCE
MLS 2F; Group 4

-MAHATMA GANDHI